THE COMPARISON OF GC-MS DATA OF LEAVES OF ALOE VERA ( A. BARBADENSIS MILL) PLANT GROWN IN DIFFERENT SOIL COMBINATIONS WITH CHEMICAL LAB WASTES

Purpose of the study: The main purpose of this study is to do the comparison of the chemical constituents present in the leaves of Aloe Vera ( A. barbadensis Mill) plant grown in different soil combinations using Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) data analysis. Plants were grown in two different combinations of soil, one in normal soil and the other in the combination of normal soil and solid chemical waste obtained from the chemistry laboratory of an educational institute. Methodology: One Aloe Vera ( A. barbadensis Mill) plant was grown in normal soil without adding any compost or any fertilizer to the soil. The other plant was grown in soil, which was combined with the solid chemical waste collected from the chemistry laboratory. After observing the morphological characters of the plants, plants were studied for the chemical constituents present in them by using GC-MS data analysis technique. Main Findings: Growth of plants depends on the soil composition, physical characters and the surrounding environment. How the variation in chemical composition of soil affects the chemical constituents of plant leaves, has been discussed in this paper. According to morphological characters the Aloe Vera ( A. barbadensis Mill) plant grown with soil combined with solid chemical waste has shown better results compared with the one grown in normal soil. GC-MS results also indicated variation in the chemical constitution of plant leaves taken for the research experiment. Applications of this study: This study has helped to understand that the soil environment and soil nutrients are largely responsible for the changes in chemical constituents of plants. This study can be applied to the other plants as well. Novelty/Originality of this study: In place of fertilizers, solid chemical waste from the laboratory was used for the research purpose. The method is useful and if implemented on a large scale, will help to curb pollution caused by educational institutes to some extent. This kind of research is not done previously by any other researcher. compounds of the Aloe Vera plants were compared at the time of harvest. The results showed the increase in hydrogen peroxide content and phenolic compounds and lipid peroxidation. et al.


INTRODUCTION
Aloe Vera (A. barbadensis Mill) is a succulent, xerophytic plant, can withstand harsh environments for its survival with lots of therapeutic and medicinal properties. Aloe Vera gel provides soothing and cooling effects on burns, rashes and helps in healing wounds and scars. The leaves of the plants contain many bioactive compounds such as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and 18 essential amino acids, vitamins (E.g., A, C, E, vitamin B12, folic acid), minerals, glycoprotein, C-glucosyl chromone, anthraquinones etc. (Chowdhary et al. (2018). Secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, aloins, Glucomannan, lectins, lignin, phenolic compounds, saponins, and tannins are also found to be present in the Aloe Vera plant. (Chowdhury et al. (2018), Kar et al. (2018) Aloe Vera plant possesses various medicinal and biological properties such as antiviral, antibacterial, antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, antiulcer, antidiabetic, antioxidant, analgesic, antiproliferative, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, radioprotective and wound healing properties (Kar et al. (2018). Non-bitter Aloe Vera is also cultivated in some parts of the country, that can be used for vegetable and health drink purpose (Chowdhury et al.(2018), Kar et al. (2018). Aloe Vera possesses anti-aging properties and used in many herbal cosmetic and cosmetic products Kar et al. (2018). Research shows that same plant, grown in different soil, or different geographical region, changes in climatic conditions, pH, temperature, etc. causes changes in the morphology of the plants, changes in physical and chemical properties of soil, as well as chemical properties of plants by making some changes in the structure of the molecules or increasing or decreasing the percentage of the chemical components of essential oils or in different parts of the plants The purpose of the study is to compare the GC-MS data analysis of the same plants grown in two different soil environments. Plant growth varies according to the soil environment, fertilizers and other biotic and abiotic factors. For this research, chemical constituents of plants grown in laboratory waste mixed with soil were compared with the chemical constituents of the plants grown in the controlled one. Educational institutions' laboratory waste is harming the environment as an added pollutant. This research can be utilized for decreasing the environmental pollution. This will open the new aspects of research as well as help to reduce the harmful chemical pollution caused by a number of chemical laboratories existing in the cities.

Preparation of Ethyl acetate extract
Fresh leaves of A. barbadensis Mill were crushed into pulp with the help of pastel and mortar. The 200 g was transferred into a conical flask and dissolved in 500 ml of ethyl acetate. The conical flask was kept aside for the night at room temperature and filtered. The filtrate was collected in a clean flask and kept for drying using rotavapor to obtain the ethyl acetate extract of the leaves of A. barbadensis Mill. The extract obtained was used for further analysis.

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS)
The purpose of using GC-MS was to find out different chemical constituents present in the same plant grown in two different soil media. For GC-MS analysis the Shimadzu model of GC-MS was used. Column temperature was kept 80 0 C and injection temperature was 120 0 C at a pressure of 81.1 kPa. The column was run for approximately 20 minutes.

Data Analysis and Identification of Compounds
Compounds were identified from the NIST14 library for qualitative and quantitative analysis of compounds and displayed with the help of Chromatogram percentage and tables for two A. barbadensis Mill plants.    Biswas (2015) conducted the experiment on the Aloe Vera plant, using Arsenic (As) as a stress factor in the form of disodium hydrogen arsenate [Na2HAsO4.7H2O] in different concentrations in soil. Stress caused by Arsenic (As), showed shoot biomass and growth reduction in plants at some concentrations compared to others. There was difference seen in trichome structure and GC-MS analysis showed variation in chemical composition of essential oils. Linalool percentage increased in the plants treated by higher concentration of Arsenic (As), whereas 1,8-cineol and methyl eugenol percentage decreased and camphor was absent in all Arsenic (As) treatment. Methyl cinnamate was found to be present at lower concentrations of Arsenic (As) treatment but absent at higher concentration (Biswas et al. (2015). Aloe Vera had shown differences in growth of plants grown in different types of soil in Bangladesh as research conducted by Chowdhury (2018). Morphological differences in growth and changes in Physico-chemical characteristics of plants were also seen in the experiment and acidic and calcareous soil found to be better than other soil for Aloe Vera growth in that region (Chowdhury et al. (2018). Farouk (2016), Showed in the experiment of the GC-MS analysis that of Ocimum sanctum Linn, grown in Saudi Arabia and Egypt also has variation in their chemical composition (Farouk et al. (2016).

CONCLUSION
This research concludes that the same plants grown in different soil having different nutritive value and different chemical composition, affect the chemical composition of plants. In A2 plant Oleoyl chloride is present in maximum amount along with E-8-Methyl-9-tetradecen-1-ol acetate, (Z)-Decyl icos-9-enoate and Hexacontane whereas in A7 plant 2-(2-Hydroxyethoxy)ethyl acetate is present in maximum amount which is clearly seen from the given Chromatograms and tables. As we all know that A. barbadensis Mill is an herbal medicinal plant and used for many therapeutic purposes. By changing soil composition, essential oil composition or chemical constituents, phytochemicals of plants can be changed and used in a more useful way.

LIMITATIONS AND STUDY FORWARD
The present research was conducted to find out the impact of laboratory waste on chemical constituents of Aloe Vera plants grown in two different soils. This can be done with other plants as well, different composition of soil and waste can be prepared and different solvents can be used for GC-MS analysis. Working with many plants at the same time is tedious and time consuming. All plants cannot be grown in the soil combined with laboratory chemical waste.