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PERSPECTIVE OF MAX WEBER’S THESIS ON THE ETHICS OF PROTESTANTISM AND ITS RELEVANCE TO THE STYLE OF CHRISTIANITY IN MALUKU
Corresponding Author(s) : Leonardo Stevy Pariyama
Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews,
Vol. 7 No. 5 (2019): September
Abstract
Purpose of study: This study aims to explain Max Weber's thesis on the ethics of Protestantism and its relevance to the style of Christianity in Maluku.
Methodology: The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative with an inductive approach. Data analysis will use metaphor, narration, and semiotics as a step to place historical facts into qualitative data related to research problems.
Main Findings: The results achieved in this study are that the reality of Protestantism in Maluku is especially at the GPM, in its correlation with Weber's Thesis it is clearly stated that Protestant Calvinists are people who survive and save so that they succeed in the economic world and become capital owners (Capitalism), on the contrary, the Calvinist Protestants in Maluku (GPM) did not show that attitude.
Implications: This concludes that Protestant Ethics as a contextual demand in this study was put forward because of the attention to the context of the meaning and articulation of contemporary Protestantism in Maluku.
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- Adair-Toteff, C. (2015). Statistical origins of the “Protestant ethic.†Journal of Classical Sociology. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468795X14558765 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1468795X14558765
- Beilharz, P. (2012). The Routledge Companion to Social Theory. Thesis Eleven. https://doi.org/10.1177/0725513611434019 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0725513611434019
- Berger, P. (1969). Sacred Canopy Ch. 1. In The Sacred Canopy: Elements of a Sociological Theory of Religion.
- Berger, P. L., & Mittleman, A. (2019). Capitalism in Religious Zionist Theory. In Markets, Morals & Religion. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203786222-10 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203786222-10
- Boxer, C. R. (2013). Jan Compagnie in Japan, 1600–1850. Jan Compagnie, 1600–1850. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-6147-5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-6147-5
- Carr, P., & Weber, M. (2009). between Ethics and Enterprise the Protestant Ethic Revisiting and the Spirit of Capitalism : the Relationship Understanding between Ethics and Enterprise which. Journal of Business, 47(1), 7–16.
- Chariri, A. (2009). Landasan Filsafat dan Metode Penelitian Kualitatif. Workshop Metodologi Penelitian Kuantitatif dan Kualitatif.
- Chojnacki, M. (2012). “Secularization†or Plurality of Meaning Structures? A. Schutz’s Concept of a Finite Province of Meaning and the Question of Religious Rationality. Open Journal of Philosophy. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojpp.2012.22014 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4236/ojpp.2012.22014
- Christian Ruhulessin, J., Gaspersz, S. G. C., & Souisa, N. N. (2019). Socio-historical Reflections on the Existence of the Protestant Church of Maluku. https://doi.org/10.2991/icrpc-18.2019.40 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2991/icrpc-18.2019.40
- Coertzen, P. (2012). Teokrasie: beskouings oor Calvyn en die Nederlandse Geloofsbelydenis, art. 36 – ’n bydrae tot ’n noodsaaklike gesprek. In Die Skriflig/In Luce Verbi. https://doi.org/10.4102/ids.v44i2.150 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/ids.v44i2.150
- Cooley, F. L. (2006). Altar and Throne in Central Moluccan Societies. Indonesia. https://doi.org/10.2307/3350758 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3350758
- Dana, L.-P., & Light, I. (2013). The Religious Ethic of the Protestant Ethnics. Entrepreneurship and Religion, (January 2010). https://doi.org/10.4337/9781849806329.00014 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4337/9781849806329.00014
- Desautels, É. (2016). Peter L. Berger et la sécularisation: Le cas québécois mis à lépreuve? Studies in Religion-Sciences Religieuses. https://doi.org/10.1177/0008429815622752 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0008429815622752
- Djaelani, A. R. (2013). Teknik Pengumpulan Data Dalam Penelitian Kualitatif. Majalah Ilmiah Pawiyatan.
- Feuchtwang, S., & Giddens, A. (2006). Capitalism and Modern Social Theory: An Analysis of the Writings of Marx, Durkheim and Max Weber. Man. https://doi.org/10.2307/2800635 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2800635
- Gane, N. (2012). Max weber and contemporary capitalism. Max Weber and Contemporary Capitalism. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137271181 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137271181
- Giddens, A. (2016). Modernity and self-identity. In Social Theory Re-Wired: New Connections to Classical and Contemporary Perspectives: Second Edition. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315775357 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315775357
- Guzmán, S. G., & Hill, J. (2017). The protestant ethic and the spirit of capitalism. The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781912282708 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781912282708
- Mansyur, S. (2013). Perdagangan Cengkih Masa Kolonial dan Jejak Pengaruhnya di Kepulauan Lease. KALPATARU. https://doi.org/10.24832/KPT.V22I1.120
- Nijman, J. (1994). The VOC and the expansion of the world-system 1602-1799. Political Geography. https://doi.org/10.1016/0962-6298(94)90027-2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0962-6298(94)90027-2
- O’Leary, Z. (2012). Protestant Ethic. The Social Science Jargon Buster, 213–214. https://doi.org/10.4135/9780857020147.n106 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4135/9780857020147.n106
- Roest, J. L. D. van der. (1903). Zending en taal. Mededeelingen Vanwege Het Nederlandsch Zendelinggenootschap.
- Schroeder, R., & Schroeder, R. (2019). Weberian Social Theory. In The Oxford Handbook of Max Weber. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190679545.013.9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190679545.013.9
- Sica, A. (2017). Max weber. Max Weber. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315264882 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315264882
- Sombart, W., Klausner, S. Z., & Epstein, M. (2018). The Jews and Modern Capitalism. The Jews and Modern Capitalism. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315132822 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315132822
- Sugiyono, P. D. (2013). Metode Penelitian Pendidikan Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D.
- Turner, P. B. S. (2010). Orientalism, Postmodernism and Globalism. Orientalism, Postmodernism and Globalism. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203427255 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203427255
- Turner, P. B. S. (2014). Max Weber and Karl Marx. Max Weber and Karl Marx. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203422229 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203422229
- Volenski, L. T., & Pals, D. L. (2006). Seven Theories of Religion. Review of Religious Research. https://doi.org/10.2307/3512490 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3512490
- Weber, M. (1930). The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism. In The Protestant Ethic.
- Weber, M. (1958). The Social Psychology of the World Religions. In From Max Weber.
- Wrong, D. H., & Runciman, W. G. (2006). A Critique of Max Weber’s Philosophy of Social Science. Social Forces. https://doi.org/10.2307/2576432 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2576432
- Zabaev, I. (2014). Concept of “ethics†in Max Weber ’ s book “Protestant ethic and the spirit of capitalismâ€. Its implication for the analysis of Russian Orthodox Church economic ethics, (January 2011).
References
Adair-Toteff, C. (2015). Statistical origins of the “Protestant ethic.†Journal of Classical Sociology. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468795X14558765 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1468795X14558765
Beilharz, P. (2012). The Routledge Companion to Social Theory. Thesis Eleven. https://doi.org/10.1177/0725513611434019 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0725513611434019
Berger, P. (1969). Sacred Canopy Ch. 1. In The Sacred Canopy: Elements of a Sociological Theory of Religion.
Berger, P. L., & Mittleman, A. (2019). Capitalism in Religious Zionist Theory. In Markets, Morals & Religion. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203786222-10 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203786222-10
Boxer, C. R. (2013). Jan Compagnie in Japan, 1600–1850. Jan Compagnie, 1600–1850. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-6147-5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-6147-5
Carr, P., & Weber, M. (2009). between Ethics and Enterprise the Protestant Ethic Revisiting and the Spirit of Capitalism : the Relationship Understanding between Ethics and Enterprise which. Journal of Business, 47(1), 7–16.
Chariri, A. (2009). Landasan Filsafat dan Metode Penelitian Kualitatif. Workshop Metodologi Penelitian Kuantitatif dan Kualitatif.
Chojnacki, M. (2012). “Secularization†or Plurality of Meaning Structures? A. Schutz’s Concept of a Finite Province of Meaning and the Question of Religious Rationality. Open Journal of Philosophy. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojpp.2012.22014 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4236/ojpp.2012.22014
Christian Ruhulessin, J., Gaspersz, S. G. C., & Souisa, N. N. (2019). Socio-historical Reflections on the Existence of the Protestant Church of Maluku. https://doi.org/10.2991/icrpc-18.2019.40 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2991/icrpc-18.2019.40
Coertzen, P. (2012). Teokrasie: beskouings oor Calvyn en die Nederlandse Geloofsbelydenis, art. 36 – ’n bydrae tot ’n noodsaaklike gesprek. In Die Skriflig/In Luce Verbi. https://doi.org/10.4102/ids.v44i2.150 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/ids.v44i2.150
Cooley, F. L. (2006). Altar and Throne in Central Moluccan Societies. Indonesia. https://doi.org/10.2307/3350758 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3350758
Dana, L.-P., & Light, I. (2013). The Religious Ethic of the Protestant Ethnics. Entrepreneurship and Religion, (January 2010). https://doi.org/10.4337/9781849806329.00014 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4337/9781849806329.00014
Desautels, É. (2016). Peter L. Berger et la sécularisation: Le cas québécois mis à lépreuve? Studies in Religion-Sciences Religieuses. https://doi.org/10.1177/0008429815622752 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0008429815622752
Djaelani, A. R. (2013). Teknik Pengumpulan Data Dalam Penelitian Kualitatif. Majalah Ilmiah Pawiyatan.
Feuchtwang, S., & Giddens, A. (2006). Capitalism and Modern Social Theory: An Analysis of the Writings of Marx, Durkheim and Max Weber. Man. https://doi.org/10.2307/2800635 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2800635
Gane, N. (2012). Max weber and contemporary capitalism. Max Weber and Contemporary Capitalism. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137271181 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137271181
Giddens, A. (2016). Modernity and self-identity. In Social Theory Re-Wired: New Connections to Classical and Contemporary Perspectives: Second Edition. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315775357 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315775357
Guzmán, S. G., & Hill, J. (2017). The protestant ethic and the spirit of capitalism. The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781912282708 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781912282708
Mansyur, S. (2013). Perdagangan Cengkih Masa Kolonial dan Jejak Pengaruhnya di Kepulauan Lease. KALPATARU. https://doi.org/10.24832/KPT.V22I1.120
Nijman, J. (1994). The VOC and the expansion of the world-system 1602-1799. Political Geography. https://doi.org/10.1016/0962-6298(94)90027-2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0962-6298(94)90027-2
O’Leary, Z. (2012). Protestant Ethic. The Social Science Jargon Buster, 213–214. https://doi.org/10.4135/9780857020147.n106 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4135/9780857020147.n106
Roest, J. L. D. van der. (1903). Zending en taal. Mededeelingen Vanwege Het Nederlandsch Zendelinggenootschap.
Schroeder, R., & Schroeder, R. (2019). Weberian Social Theory. In The Oxford Handbook of Max Weber. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190679545.013.9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190679545.013.9
Sica, A. (2017). Max weber. Max Weber. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315264882 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315264882
Sombart, W., Klausner, S. Z., & Epstein, M. (2018). The Jews and Modern Capitalism. The Jews and Modern Capitalism. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315132822 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315132822
Sugiyono, P. D. (2013). Metode Penelitian Pendidikan Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D.
Turner, P. B. S. (2010). Orientalism, Postmodernism and Globalism. Orientalism, Postmodernism and Globalism. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203427255 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203427255
Turner, P. B. S. (2014). Max Weber and Karl Marx. Max Weber and Karl Marx. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203422229 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203422229
Volenski, L. T., & Pals, D. L. (2006). Seven Theories of Religion. Review of Religious Research. https://doi.org/10.2307/3512490 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3512490
Weber, M. (1930). The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism. In The Protestant Ethic.
Weber, M. (1958). The Social Psychology of the World Religions. In From Max Weber.
Wrong, D. H., & Runciman, W. G. (2006). A Critique of Max Weber’s Philosophy of Social Science. Social Forces. https://doi.org/10.2307/2576432 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2576432
Zabaev, I. (2014). Concept of “ethics†in Max Weber ’ s book “Protestant ethic and the spirit of capitalismâ€. Its implication for the analysis of Russian Orthodox Church economic ethics, (January 2011).