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HOSPITAL STAFF PERCEPTION OF STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATIONAL CLIMATE DIMENSION
Corresponding Author(s) : Kangjam Mukhara Devi
Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews,
Vol. 8 No. 2 (2020): March
Abstract
Purpose of the Study: Organizational Climate is considered as the perception of the organization by the employees and it is one of the aspects to study the organizational behavior of the human resources in organizations. The purpose of the study is to measure the perception of hospital staff about structural organizational climate dimensions. The dimensions are formalization and working conditions.
Methodology: The study was conducted at seven select hospitals of Manipur and employed a structured questionnaire to collect data from the staff like doctors, nurses, and those who are working in the management levels with a sample size of 323. The valid data was statistically analyzed using IBM: SPSS Statistics Version 22.
Findings: The results indicated that the socio-demographic factor age is the only factor that significantly influences the variation of perception of the staff towards working conditions; while gender and educational qualification of the staff are those factors that significantly influence the variation in their perception towards formalization. Besides a staff of government hospitals have a significantly higher perception of the working condition than those of private hospitals, while staffs of private hospitals have a significantly higher perception of formalization than those of government hospitals.
Application of the study: The outcome of the research would enlighten that by giving importance to the structural Organizational Climate dimensions of the hospital structure, the behavior of the employees can be boosted which then leads to better hospital functioning. The findings would be of immense help to academicians, researchers as well as hospital administration or management for proper policy planning for efficient and effective organizational goal attainment.
Novelty/originality of the study: In this research, the model of hospital staff perception of structural organizational climate dimension is presented comprehensively and completely.
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- Aiken, M., and Hage, J. (1966), Organizational Alienation: A Comparative Analysis, American Sociological Review, 31(4), 497-507. https://doi.org/10.2307/2090773 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2090773
- Ansari, M.A. (1980), Organizational Climate: Homogeneity Within And Heterogeneity Between Organizations, Journal of Social and Economic Studies. 8, 89-96.
- Astin, A.W. (1963). Further Validation of Environment Assessment Technique, Journal of Educational Psychology, 54(4), 217-226. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0041234 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/h0041234
- Bednar, A., Marshall, C., & Bahouth, S. (1995, December), Identifying the Relationship between Work and Non-work Stress Among Bank Managers, Psychological Reports, 77(3), 771-777. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1995.77.3.771 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1995.77.3.771
- D’cunha, P. (1999). A study on Organizational Climate in the Hospital Set-up (Ph.D. Thesis), Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam.
- Dieterly, E. D. & Schneider, B. (1974). The Effect of Organizational Environment on Perceived Power and Climate: A laboratory Study, Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 11(3), 316-337 https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-5073(74)90023-3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-5073(74)90023-3
- Eberhardt, B. J. & Shani, A. B. (1984), The Effects of Full Time versus Part-Time Employment Status on Attitudes Toward Specific Organizational Characteristics and Overall Job Satisfaction, Academy of Management Journal, 27(4), 893-900. https://doi.org/10.2307/255887 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/255887
- Forehand, G.A. (1968), On The Interaction of Persons and Organizations, In Tagiuri, R. and Litwin, R. (Eds), Organizational Climate: Explorations of a Concept, Boston Harvard University Press.
- George, J.R. & Bishop, L.K. (1971). Relationship of Organizational Structure And Teacher Personality Characteristics to Organizational Climate. Administrative Science Quarterly, 16(4). 467-475 https://doi.org/10.2307/2391766 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2391766
- Georgopoulous, B.S. (1964), Hospital Organization And Administration: Prospects And Perspectives, Hospital Administration, Summer, 25-26.
- Goss, Mary, E.W. (1963), Patterns of Bureaucracy among Hospital Staff Physicians, In E. Friedson, ed., The Hospital in Modern Society. 170-194. Glencoe, III: The Free Press.
- Hage, J. & Aiken, M. (1967). Relationship of Centralization to Other Structural Properties. Administrative Science Quarterly, 12(1), 72-92. https://doi.org/10.2307/2391213 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2391213
- Hall, R.H. (1972). Organizational Structure and Process, Eaglewood Cliffs. Prentice Hall.
- Hasenfeld, Y. & English, R.A. (1978) Eds. Human Service Organization, The University of Michigan Press.
- James, L.R. & Jones, A.P. (1974). Organizational Climate: A Review of Theory and Research, Psychological Bulletin, 81(12). 1096-1112. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0037511 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/h0037511
- Johnstone, H.R. (1976), A New Conceptualization of Source of Organizational Climate, Administrative Science Quarterly, 21(1), 95-103. https://doi.org/10.2307/2391881 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2391881
- Lawler, E.E., Hall, D. & Oldham, G. (1974). Organizational Climate Relationship to Organizational Structure and Performance. Organizational Behaviour and Human Performance, 11, 139-155. https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-5073(74)90010-5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-5073(74)90010-5
- Litwin, G.H., and Stringer, R.A. (1968). Motivation and Organizational Climate, Cambridge Mass: Harvard University Press.
- Micheal P.O’Driscoll and Tracy Schubert. (1988). Organizational Climate and Burnout in a New Zealand Social Service Agency. Work & Stress: An International Journal of Work, Health & Organizations. 2(3), 199-204. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678378808259167 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02678378808259167
- Ostroff, C., Kinicki, A. J. & Tamkins, M.M. (2003). Organizational Culture and Climate. In Handbook of Psychology:Industrial and Organizational Psychology, ed. WC Borman, DR Ilgen, RJ Klimoski, 12. 565–93. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/0471264385.wei1222 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/0471264385.wei1222
- Payne, R.L. & Mansfield, R. (1973). Relationships of Perceptions of Organizational Climate to Organizational Structure, Context, and Hierarchical positions. Administrative Science Quarterly, 18(4), 515-526. https://doi.org/10.2307/2392203 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2392203
- Payne, R.L. & Pugh, S.S. (1967). Organizational Structure and Organizational Climate. In M.D. Dunneltee (Ed) Handbook of Industrial And organizational Psychology. 1125-1173, Rand Mc.Nallay and Company.
- Perrow, C., (1965), Hospitals: Technology, Structure, and Goals. In James G. March (Ed). Handbook of Organizations, 910-971. Rand Mc. Nally and Company.
- Pritchard, R.D. & Karasick, B.W. (1973). The Effects of Organizational Climate on Managerial Job Satisfaction. Organizational Behavior And Human Performance, 9, 126-146. https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-5073(73)90042-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-5073(73)90042-1
- Rao, V.S.P. (2009), Organizational Behaviour, Excel Books.
- Rudnick, J.D. Jr, & Doherty-Draper E., (1987), The Direct Effect of Health Managers on Quality Control, Assessment, Assurance, Journal of Health Care Strategy Management, October, 5(10),12-16.
- Schneider, B. & Reichers, A.E. (1983). On the Etiology of Climates. Personnel Psychology, 36, 19–39 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1983.tb00500.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1983.tb00500.x
- Schneider, B., Ehrhart, M.G. & Macey, W.H. (2011), Perspectives on Organizational Climate and Culture. In APA Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology: 1. Building and Developing the organization, ed. S Zedeck, 373–414, American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/12169-012 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/12169-012
- Singh, P., & Das, G.S., (1978), Organizational Culture and Its Impact on Commitment to Work, Indian Journal of Industrial Relations, 13(4), 511-523.
- Street, D., Vinter, R.D. & Perrow, C. (1966). Organization for Treatment: A Comparative Study of Institutions for Delinquents. Free Press. https://doi.org/10.1037/e438152008-055 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/e438152008-055
- Waters, L.K., Darell, R. & Nick, B., (1974), Organization Climate Dimensions and Job-Related Attitudes, Personnel Psychology, 27(3), 465-476. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1974.tb01168.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1974.tb01168.x
- WHO Technical Report (1957), 147. https://www.who.int/biologicals/technical_report_series/en/
References
Aiken, M., and Hage, J. (1966), Organizational Alienation: A Comparative Analysis, American Sociological Review, 31(4), 497-507. https://doi.org/10.2307/2090773 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2090773
Ansari, M.A. (1980), Organizational Climate: Homogeneity Within And Heterogeneity Between Organizations, Journal of Social and Economic Studies. 8, 89-96.
Astin, A.W. (1963). Further Validation of Environment Assessment Technique, Journal of Educational Psychology, 54(4), 217-226. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0041234 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/h0041234
Bednar, A., Marshall, C., & Bahouth, S. (1995, December), Identifying the Relationship between Work and Non-work Stress Among Bank Managers, Psychological Reports, 77(3), 771-777. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1995.77.3.771 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1995.77.3.771
D’cunha, P. (1999). A study on Organizational Climate in the Hospital Set-up (Ph.D. Thesis), Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam.
Dieterly, E. D. & Schneider, B. (1974). The Effect of Organizational Environment on Perceived Power and Climate: A laboratory Study, Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 11(3), 316-337 https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-5073(74)90023-3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-5073(74)90023-3
Eberhardt, B. J. & Shani, A. B. (1984), The Effects of Full Time versus Part-Time Employment Status on Attitudes Toward Specific Organizational Characteristics and Overall Job Satisfaction, Academy of Management Journal, 27(4), 893-900. https://doi.org/10.2307/255887 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/255887
Forehand, G.A. (1968), On The Interaction of Persons and Organizations, In Tagiuri, R. and Litwin, R. (Eds), Organizational Climate: Explorations of a Concept, Boston Harvard University Press.
George, J.R. & Bishop, L.K. (1971). Relationship of Organizational Structure And Teacher Personality Characteristics to Organizational Climate. Administrative Science Quarterly, 16(4). 467-475 https://doi.org/10.2307/2391766 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2391766
Georgopoulous, B.S. (1964), Hospital Organization And Administration: Prospects And Perspectives, Hospital Administration, Summer, 25-26.
Goss, Mary, E.W. (1963), Patterns of Bureaucracy among Hospital Staff Physicians, In E. Friedson, ed., The Hospital in Modern Society. 170-194. Glencoe, III: The Free Press.
Hage, J. & Aiken, M. (1967). Relationship of Centralization to Other Structural Properties. Administrative Science Quarterly, 12(1), 72-92. https://doi.org/10.2307/2391213 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2391213
Hall, R.H. (1972). Organizational Structure and Process, Eaglewood Cliffs. Prentice Hall.
Hasenfeld, Y. & English, R.A. (1978) Eds. Human Service Organization, The University of Michigan Press.
James, L.R. & Jones, A.P. (1974). Organizational Climate: A Review of Theory and Research, Psychological Bulletin, 81(12). 1096-1112. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0037511 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/h0037511
Johnstone, H.R. (1976), A New Conceptualization of Source of Organizational Climate, Administrative Science Quarterly, 21(1), 95-103. https://doi.org/10.2307/2391881 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2391881
Lawler, E.E., Hall, D. & Oldham, G. (1974). Organizational Climate Relationship to Organizational Structure and Performance. Organizational Behaviour and Human Performance, 11, 139-155. https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-5073(74)90010-5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-5073(74)90010-5
Litwin, G.H., and Stringer, R.A. (1968). Motivation and Organizational Climate, Cambridge Mass: Harvard University Press.
Micheal P.O’Driscoll and Tracy Schubert. (1988). Organizational Climate and Burnout in a New Zealand Social Service Agency. Work & Stress: An International Journal of Work, Health & Organizations. 2(3), 199-204. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678378808259167 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02678378808259167
Ostroff, C., Kinicki, A. J. & Tamkins, M.M. (2003). Organizational Culture and Climate. In Handbook of Psychology:Industrial and Organizational Psychology, ed. WC Borman, DR Ilgen, RJ Klimoski, 12. 565–93. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/0471264385.wei1222 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/0471264385.wei1222
Payne, R.L. & Mansfield, R. (1973). Relationships of Perceptions of Organizational Climate to Organizational Structure, Context, and Hierarchical positions. Administrative Science Quarterly, 18(4), 515-526. https://doi.org/10.2307/2392203 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2392203
Payne, R.L. & Pugh, S.S. (1967). Organizational Structure and Organizational Climate. In M.D. Dunneltee (Ed) Handbook of Industrial And organizational Psychology. 1125-1173, Rand Mc.Nallay and Company.
Perrow, C., (1965), Hospitals: Technology, Structure, and Goals. In James G. March (Ed). Handbook of Organizations, 910-971. Rand Mc. Nally and Company.
Pritchard, R.D. & Karasick, B.W. (1973). The Effects of Organizational Climate on Managerial Job Satisfaction. Organizational Behavior And Human Performance, 9, 126-146. https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-5073(73)90042-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-5073(73)90042-1
Rao, V.S.P. (2009), Organizational Behaviour, Excel Books.
Rudnick, J.D. Jr, & Doherty-Draper E., (1987), The Direct Effect of Health Managers on Quality Control, Assessment, Assurance, Journal of Health Care Strategy Management, October, 5(10),12-16.
Schneider, B. & Reichers, A.E. (1983). On the Etiology of Climates. Personnel Psychology, 36, 19–39 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1983.tb00500.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1983.tb00500.x
Schneider, B., Ehrhart, M.G. & Macey, W.H. (2011), Perspectives on Organizational Climate and Culture. In APA Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology: 1. Building and Developing the organization, ed. S Zedeck, 373–414, American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/12169-012 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/12169-012
Singh, P., & Das, G.S., (1978), Organizational Culture and Its Impact on Commitment to Work, Indian Journal of Industrial Relations, 13(4), 511-523.
Street, D., Vinter, R.D. & Perrow, C. (1966). Organization for Treatment: A Comparative Study of Institutions for Delinquents. Free Press. https://doi.org/10.1037/e438152008-055 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/e438152008-055
Waters, L.K., Darell, R. & Nick, B., (1974), Organization Climate Dimensions and Job-Related Attitudes, Personnel Psychology, 27(3), 465-476. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1974.tb01168.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1974.tb01168.x
WHO Technical Report (1957), 147. https://www.who.int/biologicals/technical_report_series/en/