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POLITICAL WORK IN THE SOUTHERN FRONT MILITARY FORCES THROUGHOUT THE RUSSIAN CIVIL WAR (1918-1920)
Corresponding Author(s) : N. V. Lyapunova
Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews,
Vol. 7 No. 6 (2019): November
Abstract
Purpose of the study: Recreation of a historically truthful picture, reflecting the role of educational work in the army during the Civil War (1918-1920), which currently continues to be the subject of sharp ideological and scientific discussions. Introduction of previously unknown to the scientific community documents concerning political work in the troops. Generalization of the experience of this work with the aim of shaping the scientific historical consciousness among young people in the context of the modern information struggle.
Methodology: The conceptual basis for the study relies on the integral paradigm of historical analysis (introduced by the representatives of the RSSU historical school). It allows not only to compare polar versions of the description of the key problems of the Civil War history to create a multidimensional historical panorama but also to find a consensus between the methodological concepts that guided the development of the national historical science in the Soviet period and the modern paradigms of historical knowledge.
Main Findings: 1. The experience of the activities of the political bodies of the Southern Front related educational work in troops during the Civil War has been considered in order to preserve historical heritage. 2. New archival documents, including leaflets that determine the scientific argumentation of the problem, as well as new concepts (“integral paradigm of historical analysis†and “cultural-historiographic spaceâ€) have been introduced into the scientific circulation. 3. The main approaches to assessing the events of the Civil War have been defined.
Applications of this study: The study can be used in the implementation of various educational programs and projects, scientific and methodological research of problems of national history, as well as training and professional retraining of specialists in the field of history teaching.
Novelty/Originality of this study: A holistic picture of the activities of the Red Army political agencies in carrying out party political work in the troops of the Southern Front during the Civil War has been presented. The main forms of cultural, educational and propaganda work carried out among the frontline troops and the enemy forces have been analyzed. An assessment of the effectiveness of the mass political work in the creation and strengthening of the Red Army during the period under study has been given.
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- Borokhova, I. M., Bespalova, A.G., Kuznetsov, V.I. and PronshteÄn, A.P. (Eds.) (1957). Borba za vlast Sovetov na Donu (1917–1920). [The fight for Soviet rule on the Don (1917–1920)]. Rostov-on-Don.
- Denikin, A. (2017). Ocherki russkoi smuty [Essays on the Russian turmoil]. Kharvest.
- Frunze, M.V. (1977). Izbrannye proizvedeniya [Selected works]. Moscow: Voenizdat, 1977.
- Gasparyan, A. (2016). Rossiya v ogne Grazhdanskoi voiny: podlinnaya istoriya samoi strashnoi bratoubiistvennoi voiny [Russia in the fire of the Civil War: the true story of the most dreadful fratricidal war]. Moscow: Eksmo.
- K bednyakam i serednyakam krestyanam [To poor and middle peasants]. (1919). Center of Social and Political History at the State Public Historical Library of Russia, Department of Special Collections, no. 278661.
- Kara-Murza, S. (2014). Grazhdanskaya voina v Rossii [The Civil War in Russia]. Moscow: Algoritm.Krasnoarmeets. (1919). August 14.
- Krasnyi voin [The red warrior]. (1920a). February 25.
- Krasnyi voin [The red warrior]. (1920b). March 5.
- Lenin, V.I. (1958). Polnoe sobranie sochinenii [Complete works of V.I. Lenin] (Vols. 37-40). Moscow: Izdatelstvo politicheskoi literatury.
- Lyapunova, N.V., Starostenkov, N.V., Demidova, T.E., Provadkin, & G.G., Makarov, V.E. (2015). The Modern Historiography of The World War II (1941–1945). Review of European Studies, 7(6), 302–307. https://doi.org/10.5539/res.v7n6p302 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5539/res.v7n6p302
- Maksakova, L.V. (1956). Agitpoezd “Oktyabrskaya revolyutsiya†(1919–1920) [The agit-train “The October Revolution†(1919–1920)]. Moscow: AN SSSR.
- Naida, S.F., Obichkin, G.D., Petrov, Y.P., Struchkov, A.A., Shatagin N.I. and Shichkin, S.N. (Eds.). (1959). Istoriya grazhdanskoi voiny v SSSR [History of the Civil War in the USSR]. Vol. 4. Moscow: Gos. izd-vo politliteratury.
- Novyi prikaz generala Denikina neset zhizn mirnym krestyanam i rabochim, nasilno mobilizovannym i boryushchimsya protiv Dobrovolcheskoi armii [The new order issued by General Denikin brings life to civil peasants and workers who were mobilized against their will and are fighting against the Volunteer Army]. (1919). Center of Social and Political History at the State Public Historical Library of Russia, Department of Special Collections, no. 1306984.
- Partiino-politicheskaya rabota v Krasnoi Armii (mart 1919–1920). Dokumenty [The party and political work in the Red Army (March 1919–1920). Documents]. (1964). Moscow: Voenizdat.
- Pismo krasnogo kazaka k svoim belym bratyam [The letter of a Red Cossack to his White brothers]. (1919). Center of Social and Political History at the State Public Historical Library of Russia, Department of Special Collections, no. 278462.
- Prikaz generala Denikina [General Denikin’s order]. (1920). Center of Social and Political History at the State Public Historical Library of Russia, Department of Special Collections, no. 1307015.
- Putin, V.V. (2009). Teni proshlogo ne mogut bolshe omrachat segodnyashnii, a tem bolee zavtrashnii den sotrudnichestva mezhdu Rossiei i Polshei [Shadows of the past can no more cloud this and, all the more, the next day of cooperation between Poland and Russia]. Komsomolskaya pravda, August 31.
- Putin, V.V. (2017a). Falsifikatsiya istorii chrevata ogromnymi riskami [Falsification of history is fraught with huge risks]. Retrieved July 10, 2019 from: https://aftershock.news/?q=node/511926&full.
- Putin, V.V. (2017b). Uchastnikam i gostyam torzhestvennogo meropriyatiya, posvyashchennogo 110-letiyu Imperatorskogo Russkogo voenno-istoricheskogo obshchestva [Greetings to participants and guests of the event marking the 110th anniversary of the Imperial Russian Military-Historical Society]. Retrieved July 10, 2019 from: http://kremlin.ru/events/president/letters/56124.
- Russian State Archive of Socio-political History (RSASPH), fund 17, series 65, case 139, sheet 11.
- Russian State Archive of Socio-political History (RSASPH), fund 17, series 65, case 9, sheet 45.
- Russian State Archive of Socio-political History (RSASPH), fund 2306, series 24, case 192, sheet 3.
- Russian State Military Archive (RSMA), fund 100, series 2, case 10, sheet 32.
- Russian State Military Archive (RSMA), fund 100, series 2, case 16, sheet 14.
- Russian State Military Archive (RSMA), fund 100, series 2, case 40, sheet 21.
- Russian State Military Archive (RSMA), fund 198, series 2, case 112, sheet 56.
- Russian State Military Archive (RSMA), fund 198, series 2, case 112, sheet 58.
- Russian State Military Archive (RSMA), fund 9, series 4, case 169, sheet 378.
- Russian State Military Archive (RSMA), fund 9, series 4, case 34, sheet 74.
- State Archive of the Russian Federation (SARF), fund 1252, series 1, case 171, sheet 21.
- State Archive of the Russian Federation (SARF), fund 1252, series 1, case 171, sheet 23.
- Soldatam i kazakam Dobrovolcheskoi Armii [To the soldiers and Cossacks of the Volunteer Army]. (1919). Center of Social and Political History at the State Public Historical Library of Russia, Department of Special Collections, no. 278599.
- Soldaty dobrovolcheskoi armii [Soldiers of the Volunteer Army]. (1919). Center of Social and Political History at the State Public Historical Library of Russia, Department of Special Collections, no. 278601.
- Williams, A.R. (2006). Puteshestvie v revolyutsiyu. Rossiya v ogne Grazhdanskoi voiny [Journey Into Revolution; Petrograd, 1917-1918]. Moscow: Tsentrpoligraf.
- Williamson, H.N.H. (2007). Proshchanie s Donom. Grazhdanskaya voina v Rossii v dnevnikakh britanskogo ofitsera [Farewell to the Don]. Moscow: Tsentrpoligraf.
- Yuzhnyi front (mai 1918–mart 1919). Sbornik dokumentov [The Southern Front (May 1918–March 1919). A collection of documents]. (1962). Rostov-on-Don.
References
Borokhova, I. M., Bespalova, A.G., Kuznetsov, V.I. and PronshteÄn, A.P. (Eds.) (1957). Borba za vlast Sovetov na Donu (1917–1920). [The fight for Soviet rule on the Don (1917–1920)]. Rostov-on-Don.
Denikin, A. (2017). Ocherki russkoi smuty [Essays on the Russian turmoil]. Kharvest.
Frunze, M.V. (1977). Izbrannye proizvedeniya [Selected works]. Moscow: Voenizdat, 1977.
Gasparyan, A. (2016). Rossiya v ogne Grazhdanskoi voiny: podlinnaya istoriya samoi strashnoi bratoubiistvennoi voiny [Russia in the fire of the Civil War: the true story of the most dreadful fratricidal war]. Moscow: Eksmo.
K bednyakam i serednyakam krestyanam [To poor and middle peasants]. (1919). Center of Social and Political History at the State Public Historical Library of Russia, Department of Special Collections, no. 278661.
Kara-Murza, S. (2014). Grazhdanskaya voina v Rossii [The Civil War in Russia]. Moscow: Algoritm.Krasnoarmeets. (1919). August 14.
Krasnyi voin [The red warrior]. (1920a). February 25.
Krasnyi voin [The red warrior]. (1920b). March 5.
Lenin, V.I. (1958). Polnoe sobranie sochinenii [Complete works of V.I. Lenin] (Vols. 37-40). Moscow: Izdatelstvo politicheskoi literatury.
Lyapunova, N.V., Starostenkov, N.V., Demidova, T.E., Provadkin, & G.G., Makarov, V.E. (2015). The Modern Historiography of The World War II (1941–1945). Review of European Studies, 7(6), 302–307. https://doi.org/10.5539/res.v7n6p302 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5539/res.v7n6p302
Maksakova, L.V. (1956). Agitpoezd “Oktyabrskaya revolyutsiya†(1919–1920) [The agit-train “The October Revolution†(1919–1920)]. Moscow: AN SSSR.
Naida, S.F., Obichkin, G.D., Petrov, Y.P., Struchkov, A.A., Shatagin N.I. and Shichkin, S.N. (Eds.). (1959). Istoriya grazhdanskoi voiny v SSSR [History of the Civil War in the USSR]. Vol. 4. Moscow: Gos. izd-vo politliteratury.
Novyi prikaz generala Denikina neset zhizn mirnym krestyanam i rabochim, nasilno mobilizovannym i boryushchimsya protiv Dobrovolcheskoi armii [The new order issued by General Denikin brings life to civil peasants and workers who were mobilized against their will and are fighting against the Volunteer Army]. (1919). Center of Social and Political History at the State Public Historical Library of Russia, Department of Special Collections, no. 1306984.
Partiino-politicheskaya rabota v Krasnoi Armii (mart 1919–1920). Dokumenty [The party and political work in the Red Army (March 1919–1920). Documents]. (1964). Moscow: Voenizdat.
Pismo krasnogo kazaka k svoim belym bratyam [The letter of a Red Cossack to his White brothers]. (1919). Center of Social and Political History at the State Public Historical Library of Russia, Department of Special Collections, no. 278462.
Prikaz generala Denikina [General Denikin’s order]. (1920). Center of Social and Political History at the State Public Historical Library of Russia, Department of Special Collections, no. 1307015.
Putin, V.V. (2009). Teni proshlogo ne mogut bolshe omrachat segodnyashnii, a tem bolee zavtrashnii den sotrudnichestva mezhdu Rossiei i Polshei [Shadows of the past can no more cloud this and, all the more, the next day of cooperation between Poland and Russia]. Komsomolskaya pravda, August 31.
Putin, V.V. (2017a). Falsifikatsiya istorii chrevata ogromnymi riskami [Falsification of history is fraught with huge risks]. Retrieved July 10, 2019 from: https://aftershock.news/?q=node/511926&full.
Putin, V.V. (2017b). Uchastnikam i gostyam torzhestvennogo meropriyatiya, posvyashchennogo 110-letiyu Imperatorskogo Russkogo voenno-istoricheskogo obshchestva [Greetings to participants and guests of the event marking the 110th anniversary of the Imperial Russian Military-Historical Society]. Retrieved July 10, 2019 from: http://kremlin.ru/events/president/letters/56124.
Russian State Archive of Socio-political History (RSASPH), fund 17, series 65, case 139, sheet 11.
Russian State Archive of Socio-political History (RSASPH), fund 17, series 65, case 9, sheet 45.
Russian State Archive of Socio-political History (RSASPH), fund 2306, series 24, case 192, sheet 3.
Russian State Military Archive (RSMA), fund 100, series 2, case 10, sheet 32.
Russian State Military Archive (RSMA), fund 100, series 2, case 16, sheet 14.
Russian State Military Archive (RSMA), fund 100, series 2, case 40, sheet 21.
Russian State Military Archive (RSMA), fund 198, series 2, case 112, sheet 56.
Russian State Military Archive (RSMA), fund 198, series 2, case 112, sheet 58.
Russian State Military Archive (RSMA), fund 9, series 4, case 169, sheet 378.
Russian State Military Archive (RSMA), fund 9, series 4, case 34, sheet 74.
State Archive of the Russian Federation (SARF), fund 1252, series 1, case 171, sheet 21.
State Archive of the Russian Federation (SARF), fund 1252, series 1, case 171, sheet 23.
Soldatam i kazakam Dobrovolcheskoi Armii [To the soldiers and Cossacks of the Volunteer Army]. (1919). Center of Social and Political History at the State Public Historical Library of Russia, Department of Special Collections, no. 278599.
Soldaty dobrovolcheskoi armii [Soldiers of the Volunteer Army]. (1919). Center of Social and Political History at the State Public Historical Library of Russia, Department of Special Collections, no. 278601.
Williams, A.R. (2006). Puteshestvie v revolyutsiyu. Rossiya v ogne Grazhdanskoi voiny [Journey Into Revolution; Petrograd, 1917-1918]. Moscow: Tsentrpoligraf.
Williamson, H.N.H. (2007). Proshchanie s Donom. Grazhdanskaya voina v Rossii v dnevnikakh britanskogo ofitsera [Farewell to the Don]. Moscow: Tsentrpoligraf.
Yuzhnyi front (mai 1918–mart 1919). Sbornik dokumentov [The Southern Front (May 1918–March 1919). A collection of documents]. (1962). Rostov-on-Don.