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INVESTIGATING IN-SERVICE TEACHERS’ PERCEPTIONS ON ONLINE AND AUTONOMOUS LEARNING
Corresponding Author(s) : Ika Apriani Fata
Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews,
Vol. 8 No. 3 (2020): May
Abstract
Purpose of the study: The aim of this study is to investigate in-service teachers’ perception of online and autonomous learning and what types of obstacles they face during the program. It investigates the practice of autonomous learning classrooms by 101 Indonesian in-service English teachers in an entirely online learning environment, where skills and learning tools are incorporated to form integrated autonomous learning activities.
Methodology: This research was conducted at Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia. Online questionnaire was used to gather information from 101 participants about their autonomous learning experience through task-based instructions (TBI).
Main Findings: Our research results indicated that the range of modules and tasks given to the in-service teacher participants were able to foster independent learning. Findings suggest that in-service teachers showed positive attitudes towards the implementation of online autonomous learning, while limited task instructions, technical issues, and communication constraints were among obstacles faced by the participants during the program.
Applications of this study: It is hoped that the findings of the present study will contribute to the development of the existing literature in the field of teacher training and can be used as an important input for the improvement of the current teacher training program.
Novelty/Originality of this study: This study is intended to draw conclusions from a series of actual research data and contribute a new angle to the existing research on teachers’ perception on online and autonomous learning.
Keywords
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- Atkin, J. M., Black, P., & Coffey, J. (2001). Classroom assessment and the national science education standards. National Academy Press.
- Baleni, Z. G. (2015). Online formative assessment in higher education: Its pros and cons. Electronic Journal of e-Learning, 13, 228-236.
- Blake, R. J. (2011). Current trends in online language learning. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 31, 19-35. https://doi.org/10.1017/S026719051100002X DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S026719051100002X
- Capraro, R., Capraro, M., & Lamb, C. (2001). Digital video: Watch me do what I say! Paper presented at the Fall Teacher Education Conference of the Consortium of State Organizations for Texas Teacher Education. Corpus Christi, TX.
- Dixson, D. D., & Worrell, F. C. (2016). Formative and summative assessment in the classroom. Theory into Practice, 55(2), 153-159. https://doi.org/10.1080/00405841.2016.1148989 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00405841.2016.1148989
- Donelli-Sallee, E. (2018). Supporting online teaching effectiveness at scale: Achieving efficiency and effectiveness through peer review. Journal of Educators Online, 15(3), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.9743/jeo.2018.15.3.13 DOI: https://doi.org/10.9743/jeo.2018.15.3.13
- Ediansyah, E., Kurniawan, D. A., Salamah, & Perdana, R. (2019). Investigation of problem based learning: Process of understanding the concepts and independence learning on research statistics subject. Humanities & Social Science Reviews, 7(5), 01-11. https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.7159 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.7159
- Fata, I. A., Yusuf, Q. Y., Sari, L. N. (2018). Figuring the figures of speech in Acehnese traditional song lyrics. Humanities Diliman, 15(1), 30-56
- Gilbert, S. (2001). How to be a successful online student. McGraw Hill.
- Guth, S., & Helm, F. (2010). Telecollaboration 2.0: Language, literacies, and intercultural (Vol. 1). Peter Lang. https://doi.org/10.3726/978-3-0351-0013-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3726/978-3-0351-0013-6
- Habiburrahim, H., Rahmiati, Z., Muluk, S., Akmal, S., & Aziz, Z. A. (2020). Language, identity, and ideology: Analysing discourse in Aceh sharia law implementation. Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 9(3), 735-748. https://doi.org/10.17509/ijal.v9i3.23210 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/ijal.v9i3.23210
- Hockly, N. (2015). Developments in online language. ELT Journal, 69(3), 308-313. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccv020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccv020
- Johnston, T. C. (2004). Online homework assessments: Benefits and drawbacks to students. Academy of Educational Leadership Journal, 8(3), 29-40.
- Korthagen, F. (2010). How teacher education can make a difference. Journal of Education for Teaching, 36, 407-423. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2010.513854 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2010.513854
- Lee, L. (2016). Autonomous learning through task-based instruction in fully online language courses. Language Learning & Technology, 20(2), 81-97.
- Little, D. (2007). Language learner autonomy: Some fundamental considerations revisited. International Journal of Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 1(1), 14-29. https://doi.org/10.2167/illt040.0 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2167/illt040.0
- Masrizal. (2014). The role of negotiation of meaning in L2 interactions: An analysis from the perspective of Long’s interaction hypothesis. Studies in English Language and Education, 1(2), 96-105. https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v1i2.1829 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v1i2.1829
- Matsubara, M., & Yoshida, H. (2018). Fostering autonomous learners of vocabulary acquisition using content-based ICT methods. Humanities & Social Science Reviews, 6(1), 36-43. https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2018.617 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2018.617
- Means, B., Toyama, Y., Murphy, R., Bakia, M., & Jones, K. (2009). Evaluation of evidence-based practices in online learning. US Department of Education.
- Ningsih, S. R., & Fata, I. A. (2015). Exploring teachers’ beliefs and the teaching profession in Aceh. Studies in English and Education, 2(1), 61-67. https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v2i1.2235 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v2i1.2235
- Ogange, B. O., Agak, J., Okelo, K. O., & Kiprotich, P. (2018). Student perceptions of the effectiveness of formative assessment in an online learning environment. Open Praxis, 10(1), 29-39. https://doi.org/10.5944/openpraxis.10.1.705 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5944/openpraxis.10.1.705
- Othman, S. S., Nayan, L. M., Tiung, L. K., & Hassan, F. (2019). Issues and challenges of future newspapers. Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews, 7(5) 364-373. https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.7541 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.7541
- Palloff, R. M., & Pratt, K. (2013). Lessons from the virtual classroom: The realities of online teaching (2nd ed.). Jossey-Bass.
- Pillay, S., & Reynolds, J. (2014). The pains and gains of blended learning: Social constructivist perspectives. Education & Training, 56, 254-270. https://doi.org/10.1108/ET-11-2012-0118 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/ET-11-2012-0118
- Poon, J. (2013). Blended learning: An institutional approach for enhancing students’ learning. Journal of Online Learning and Teaching, 9(3), 260-271.
- Pryor, C., & Bitter, G. (2008). Using multimedia to teach in-service teachers: Impacts on learning, application, and retention. Computers in Human Behavior, 24, 2668-2681. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2008.03.007 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2008.03.007
- Putri, Z., Yoestara, M., Aziz, Z. A., & Yusuf, Y. Q. (2019). The correlation between professional development training and English teachers’ competence. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1232(1), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1232/1/012037 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1232/1/012037
- Reinders, H., & Hubbard, P. (2013). CALL and learner autonomy: Affordances and constraints. In M. Thomas, H. Reinders, & M. Warschauer (Eds.), Contemporary computer-assisted language learning (pp. 359–375). Bloomsbury.
- Sari, D. F. (2016). Authentic materials for learning English: A study of EFL students in Aceh. Studies in English Language and Education, 3(2), 147-157. https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v3i2.4962 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v3i2.4962
- Sergeeva, M., Serebrennikova, A., Nikolaeva, M., Suslennikova, E., Bondarenko, N., & Shumeyko, A. (2019). Development of university teacher’s innovative culture. Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews, 7(4), 20-25. https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.743 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.743
- Shulman, L. (1986). Those who understand: Knowledge growth in teaching. Educational Researcher, 15(2), 4-14. https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X015002004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X015002004
- Silviyanti, T. M. (2014). Looking into EFL students’ perceptions in listening by using English movie videos on YouTube. Studies in English Language and Education, 1(1), 42-58. https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v1i1.1119 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v1i1.1119
- Stevens, J. (2018). Finding the balance: Creating meaningful assignments without overwhelming instructional workload. Journal of Educators Online, 15(3), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.9743/jeo.2018.15.3.9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.9743/jeo.2018.15.3.9
- Vonderwell, S., Liang, X., & Alderman, K. (2007). Asynchronous discussions and assessment in online learning. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 39, 309-328. https://doi.org/10.1080/15391523.2007.10782485 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15391523.2007.10782485
- White, C. (2006). Distance learning of foreign languages. Language Teaching, 39(4), 247-264. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261444806003727 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261444806003727
- Woldab, Z. (2014). E-learning technology in pre-service teachers training: Lessons for Ethiopia. Journal of Educational and Social Research, 4, 159-166. https://doi.org/10.5901/jesr.2014.v4n1p159 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5901/jesr.2014.v4n1p159
- Woodcock, S., Sisco, A., & Eady, M. (2015). The learning experience: Training teachers using online synchronous environments. Journal of Educational Research and Practice, 5(1), 21-34. https://doi.org/10.5590/JERAP.2015.05.1.02 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5590/JERAP.2015.05.1.02
- Yasin,B.,& Fata,I.A. (2020). Discovering Policy, attitude, and constraints on school based management. Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews, 8 (3) 39-48. https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2020.835 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2020.835
- Yulia, A., Husin, N. A., & Anuar, F. I. (2019). Channelling assessments in English language learning via interactive online platforms. Studies in English Language and Education, 6(2), 228-238. https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v6i2.14103 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v6i2.14103
- Yusnimar. (2019). Autonomous learning and teacher guidance: Towards the improvement of EFL students’ prepared talk in speaking practice. Studies in English Language and Education, 6(2), 228-238. https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v6i1.10080 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v6i1.10080
- Zakrzewski, S., & Bull, J. (1998). The mass implementation and evaluation of computer-based assessments. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 23(2), 141-152. https://doi.org/10.1080/0260293980230203 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0260293980230203
References
Atkin, J. M., Black, P., & Coffey, J. (2001). Classroom assessment and the national science education standards. National Academy Press.
Baleni, Z. G. (2015). Online formative assessment in higher education: Its pros and cons. Electronic Journal of e-Learning, 13, 228-236.
Blake, R. J. (2011). Current trends in online language learning. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 31, 19-35. https://doi.org/10.1017/S026719051100002X DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S026719051100002X
Capraro, R., Capraro, M., & Lamb, C. (2001). Digital video: Watch me do what I say! Paper presented at the Fall Teacher Education Conference of the Consortium of State Organizations for Texas Teacher Education. Corpus Christi, TX.
Dixson, D. D., & Worrell, F. C. (2016). Formative and summative assessment in the classroom. Theory into Practice, 55(2), 153-159. https://doi.org/10.1080/00405841.2016.1148989 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00405841.2016.1148989
Donelli-Sallee, E. (2018). Supporting online teaching effectiveness at scale: Achieving efficiency and effectiveness through peer review. Journal of Educators Online, 15(3), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.9743/jeo.2018.15.3.13 DOI: https://doi.org/10.9743/jeo.2018.15.3.13
Ediansyah, E., Kurniawan, D. A., Salamah, & Perdana, R. (2019). Investigation of problem based learning: Process of understanding the concepts and independence learning on research statistics subject. Humanities & Social Science Reviews, 7(5), 01-11. https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.7159 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.7159
Fata, I. A., Yusuf, Q. Y., Sari, L. N. (2018). Figuring the figures of speech in Acehnese traditional song lyrics. Humanities Diliman, 15(1), 30-56
Gilbert, S. (2001). How to be a successful online student. McGraw Hill.
Guth, S., & Helm, F. (2010). Telecollaboration 2.0: Language, literacies, and intercultural (Vol. 1). Peter Lang. https://doi.org/10.3726/978-3-0351-0013-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3726/978-3-0351-0013-6
Habiburrahim, H., Rahmiati, Z., Muluk, S., Akmal, S., & Aziz, Z. A. (2020). Language, identity, and ideology: Analysing discourse in Aceh sharia law implementation. Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 9(3), 735-748. https://doi.org/10.17509/ijal.v9i3.23210 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/ijal.v9i3.23210
Hockly, N. (2015). Developments in online language. ELT Journal, 69(3), 308-313. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccv020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccv020
Johnston, T. C. (2004). Online homework assessments: Benefits and drawbacks to students. Academy of Educational Leadership Journal, 8(3), 29-40.
Korthagen, F. (2010). How teacher education can make a difference. Journal of Education for Teaching, 36, 407-423. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2010.513854 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2010.513854
Lee, L. (2016). Autonomous learning through task-based instruction in fully online language courses. Language Learning & Technology, 20(2), 81-97.
Little, D. (2007). Language learner autonomy: Some fundamental considerations revisited. International Journal of Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 1(1), 14-29. https://doi.org/10.2167/illt040.0 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2167/illt040.0
Masrizal. (2014). The role of negotiation of meaning in L2 interactions: An analysis from the perspective of Long’s interaction hypothesis. Studies in English Language and Education, 1(2), 96-105. https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v1i2.1829 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v1i2.1829
Matsubara, M., & Yoshida, H. (2018). Fostering autonomous learners of vocabulary acquisition using content-based ICT methods. Humanities & Social Science Reviews, 6(1), 36-43. https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2018.617 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2018.617
Means, B., Toyama, Y., Murphy, R., Bakia, M., & Jones, K. (2009). Evaluation of evidence-based practices in online learning. US Department of Education.
Ningsih, S. R., & Fata, I. A. (2015). Exploring teachers’ beliefs and the teaching profession in Aceh. Studies in English and Education, 2(1), 61-67. https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v2i1.2235 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v2i1.2235
Ogange, B. O., Agak, J., Okelo, K. O., & Kiprotich, P. (2018). Student perceptions of the effectiveness of formative assessment in an online learning environment. Open Praxis, 10(1), 29-39. https://doi.org/10.5944/openpraxis.10.1.705 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5944/openpraxis.10.1.705
Othman, S. S., Nayan, L. M., Tiung, L. K., & Hassan, F. (2019). Issues and challenges of future newspapers. Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews, 7(5) 364-373. https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.7541 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.7541
Palloff, R. M., & Pratt, K. (2013). Lessons from the virtual classroom: The realities of online teaching (2nd ed.). Jossey-Bass.
Pillay, S., & Reynolds, J. (2014). The pains and gains of blended learning: Social constructivist perspectives. Education & Training, 56, 254-270. https://doi.org/10.1108/ET-11-2012-0118 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/ET-11-2012-0118
Poon, J. (2013). Blended learning: An institutional approach for enhancing students’ learning. Journal of Online Learning and Teaching, 9(3), 260-271.
Pryor, C., & Bitter, G. (2008). Using multimedia to teach in-service teachers: Impacts on learning, application, and retention. Computers in Human Behavior, 24, 2668-2681. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2008.03.007 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2008.03.007
Putri, Z., Yoestara, M., Aziz, Z. A., & Yusuf, Y. Q. (2019). The correlation between professional development training and English teachers’ competence. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1232(1), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1232/1/012037 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1232/1/012037
Reinders, H., & Hubbard, P. (2013). CALL and learner autonomy: Affordances and constraints. In M. Thomas, H. Reinders, & M. Warschauer (Eds.), Contemporary computer-assisted language learning (pp. 359–375). Bloomsbury.
Sari, D. F. (2016). Authentic materials for learning English: A study of EFL students in Aceh. Studies in English Language and Education, 3(2), 147-157. https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v3i2.4962 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v3i2.4962
Sergeeva, M., Serebrennikova, A., Nikolaeva, M., Suslennikova, E., Bondarenko, N., & Shumeyko, A. (2019). Development of university teacher’s innovative culture. Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews, 7(4), 20-25. https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.743 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.743
Shulman, L. (1986). Those who understand: Knowledge growth in teaching. Educational Researcher, 15(2), 4-14. https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X015002004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X015002004
Silviyanti, T. M. (2014). Looking into EFL students’ perceptions in listening by using English movie videos on YouTube. Studies in English Language and Education, 1(1), 42-58. https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v1i1.1119 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v1i1.1119
Stevens, J. (2018). Finding the balance: Creating meaningful assignments without overwhelming instructional workload. Journal of Educators Online, 15(3), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.9743/jeo.2018.15.3.9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.9743/jeo.2018.15.3.9
Vonderwell, S., Liang, X., & Alderman, K. (2007). Asynchronous discussions and assessment in online learning. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 39, 309-328. https://doi.org/10.1080/15391523.2007.10782485 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15391523.2007.10782485
White, C. (2006). Distance learning of foreign languages. Language Teaching, 39(4), 247-264. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261444806003727 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261444806003727
Woldab, Z. (2014). E-learning technology in pre-service teachers training: Lessons for Ethiopia. Journal of Educational and Social Research, 4, 159-166. https://doi.org/10.5901/jesr.2014.v4n1p159 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5901/jesr.2014.v4n1p159
Woodcock, S., Sisco, A., & Eady, M. (2015). The learning experience: Training teachers using online synchronous environments. Journal of Educational Research and Practice, 5(1), 21-34. https://doi.org/10.5590/JERAP.2015.05.1.02 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5590/JERAP.2015.05.1.02
Yasin,B.,& Fata,I.A. (2020). Discovering Policy, attitude, and constraints on school based management. Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews, 8 (3) 39-48. https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2020.835 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2020.835
Yulia, A., Husin, N. A., & Anuar, F. I. (2019). Channelling assessments in English language learning via interactive online platforms. Studies in English Language and Education, 6(2), 228-238. https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v6i2.14103 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v6i2.14103
Yusnimar. (2019). Autonomous learning and teacher guidance: Towards the improvement of EFL students’ prepared talk in speaking practice. Studies in English Language and Education, 6(2), 228-238. https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v6i1.10080 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v6i1.10080
Zakrzewski, S., & Bull, J. (1998). The mass implementation and evaluation of computer-based assessments. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 23(2), 141-152. https://doi.org/10.1080/0260293980230203 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0260293980230203