Issue
Authors retain the copyright without restrictions for their published content in this journal. HSSR is a SHERPA ROMEO Green Journal.
Publishing License
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of
CONTENT ANALYSIS OF NATIONAL CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT APPROACH OF CHEMISTRY GRADE IX- X IN PAKISTAN
Corresponding Author(s) : Saghir Ahmad
Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews,
Vol. 9 No. 3 (2021): May
Abstract
Purpose of the study: This study was designed to the analysis of curriculum development approach of the National Curriculum for Chemistry Grade IX- X in Pakistan.
Methodology: The study was related to theoretical and content analysis based.
Main Findings: National Chemistry Curriculum for grade IX- X is majorly based on the subject-centered curriculum. To meet the need of society, it demands to cope up with the demands of technology. To enhance the skills of students, activities, and construction of knowledge on their own is stressed in the aims of the curriculum. National Curriculum for Chemistry grades IX- X, 2006 reflects the eclectic approach. It is dominant with subject-centered while assessment is leading with the traditional and teacher-centered approach.
Applications of this study: The curriculum of Chemistry emphasis developing higher order thinking and skills in students.
Novelty/Originality of this study: This study was based on documented content analysis. The curriculum developmental approach was observed in this study.
Keywords
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)BibTeX
- Akkoyunlu, B., & Yilmaz, M. (2005). Generative multimedia learning theory. Hacettepe University Faculty of Education Journal, 28 (28), 9-18. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/87708
- Akpinar, B., & Aydin, K. (2007). Comparison of educational reforms in Turkey and some countries. Fırat University Journal of Oriental Studies, 6(1), 82-88.
- Akpinar, B., & Gezer, B. (2010). Reflections of learn-centred new educational approaches to the learning-teaching process. Journal of Dicle University Ziya Gokalp Faculty of Education, 14(1), 1-12. https://dergipark.o rg.tr/en/download/article-file/787086
- Aksan, E., & Baki, A. (2017). Content analysis of curriculum-related studies in Turkey between 2000 and 2014. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 17(3), 877-904. https://doi.org/10.12738/estp.2017.3.0002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.12738/estp.2017.3.0002
- Au, W. (2007). High-stakes testing and curricular control: A qualitative Meta synthesis. Educational Researcher, 36, 258–267. https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X07306523 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X07306523
- Baki, A. (2008). Mathematics education from theory to practice. Ankara: Harf Egitim Publications.
- Bengtsson, M. (2016). How to plan and perform a qualitative study using content analysis. NursingPlus Open, 2, 8-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.npls.2016.01.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.npls.2016.01.001
- Bhuttah, T. M., Xiaoduan, C., Ullah, H., & Javed, S. (2019). Analysis of curriculum development stages from the perspective of Tyler, Taba and Wheeler. European Journal of Social Sciences, 58(1), 14-22. https://www.europeanjournalofsocialsciences.com/issues/PDF/EJSS_58_1_02.pdf
- Cepni, S. (2007). Introduction to research and project work studies (3rd ed.). Trabzon, Turkey: Celepler Printing.
- Dogan, Y. (2012). Adoption level of constructivist activities specified in the science and technology curriculum. Kastamonu Journal of Education, 20(1), 167-186. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/806929
- Druzhinina, M., Belkova, N., Donchenko, E., Liu, F., & Morozova, O. (2018). Curriculum design in professional education: Theory and practice. In SHS Web of Conferences (Vol. 50, p. 01046). EDP Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20185001046 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20185001046
- Erdogan, I. (2012). Change management in education. Ankara, Turkey: Pegem Academy.
- Erturk, S. (1972). Curriculum development in education. Ankara, Turkey: Yelkentepe Publications.
- Government of Pakistan. (2006). National curriculum for chemistry at IX- X grades. Islamabad: Ministry of Education.
- Gozutok, F. D. (2003). Curriculum development studies in Turkey. Journal of National Education, 160(1), 44-64. http://dhgm.meb.gov.tr/yayimlar/dergiler/%20milli_egitim_dergisi/160/gozutok.htm
- Gurol, M. (2002). The new paradigm in educational technology: Construction. Journal of Social Science, 12(1), 159-183. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/71986#page=163
- Ivowi, U. M. O. (2009). Concept of curriculum implementation. In Offorma (ed), Curriculum implementation and instruction. Onitsha: Uni World Educational Publishers.
- Kain, E. L. (2018). Using content analysis to study the sociology curriculum in the United States. SAGE Publications Ltd. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781526447111 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4135/9781526447111
- Luo, A. (2021). What is content analysis and how can you use it in your research. Scribbr. https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/content-analysis/
- Mohanasundaram, K. (2018). Curriculum design and development. Journal of Applied and Advanced Research, 3(1), 4-6. https://doi.org/10.21839/jaar.2018.v3iS1.156 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21839/jaar.2018.v3iS1.156
- Offorma, G.C. (2002). Curriculum theory and planning. Enugu: Donze Press.
- Oliva, P. F. (2009). Developing the curriculum. Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon.
- Ornstein, A. C., & Hunkins, F. P. (2009). Curriculum: foundations, principles, and issues. Pearson/Allyn and Bacon, Boston.
- Kosterelioglu, I., & Ozen, R. (2014). In-service training needs of classroom teachers to implement the social studies course curriculum. Abant Izzet Baysal Universitesi Egitim Fakultesi Dergisi, 14(1), 153-176. https://doi.org/10.17240/aibuefd.2014.14.1-5000091507 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17240/aibuefd.2014.14.1-5000091507
- Krippendorff, K. (2004). Reliability in content analysis. Human Communication Research, 30(3), 411–433. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.2004.tb00738.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/hcr/30.3.411
- Roller, M. R. (2019). A quality approach to qualitative content analysis: Similarities and differences compared to other qualitative methods. In Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung/Forum: Qualitative Social Research (Vol. 20, No. 3).
- Sahlberg, P. (2006). Education reform for raising economic competitiveness. Journal of Educational Change, 7(4), 259–287. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10833-005-4884-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10833-005-4884-6
- Saylan, N. (2001). Determination of secondary education teachers’ opinions on the program design and their behaviors in the process of the program. Balıkesir University Journal of Social Sciences Institute, 4(6), 1-13. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/864512
- Selcuk, Z., Palanci, M., Kandemir, M., & Dundar, H. (2014). Trends of research published in the education and science journal: Content analysis. Education and Science, 39(173), 428-449. https://doi.org/10.153 90/eb.v39i173.3278 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15390/eb.v39i173.3278
- Siddiqui, K. A. (2020). Analysis of Pakistan’s National Curriculum for English: A learner-centered ideology perspective. University of Chitral Journal of Linguistics & Literature, 4(I), 23-30. https://doi.org/10.3 3195/jll.v4iI.194 DOI: https://doi.org/10.33195/jll.v4iI.194
- Sozbilir, M., Kutu, H., & Yaşar, M. D. (2012). Science education research in Turkey: A content analysis of selected features of papers published. In D. Jorde & J. Dillion (Eds.), Science education research and practice in Europe: Retrospective and prospective (pp. 341–374). Rotterdam, Netherlands: Sense Publishers. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6091-900-8_14 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6091-900-8_14
- Stut, A. (2021). Curriculum development and the 3 models. https://tophat.com/blog/curriculum-development-models-design/
- Talla, M. (2012). Curriculum development: Perspectives, principles and issues. Pearson Education India.
- Tas, A. M. (2007). Teacher candidates' new primary education program and primary education [Teacher candidates' views on the implementation of the new primary education program and in primary schools]. Paper presented at the 16th National Educational Sciences Congress, GaziosmanpaÅŸa University, Tokat, Turkey.
- Uljens, M., & Rajakaltio, H. (2017). National curriculum development as educational leadership: A discursive and non-affirmative approach. In Bridging educational leadership, curriculum theory and Didaktik (pp. 411-437). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58650-2_13 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58650-2_13
- Wheeler, D. K. (1978). Curriculum process. London: Hodder & Stoughton.
- Yesilyaprak, B. (2006). Guidance services in education (14th ed.). Ankara, Turkey: Nobel Publications.
- Yildirim, A., & Simsek, H. (2008). Qualitative research methods in social sciences. Ankara, Turkey: Seckin Publishing.
References
Akkoyunlu, B., & Yilmaz, M. (2005). Generative multimedia learning theory. Hacettepe University Faculty of Education Journal, 28 (28), 9-18. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/87708
Akpinar, B., & Aydin, K. (2007). Comparison of educational reforms in Turkey and some countries. Fırat University Journal of Oriental Studies, 6(1), 82-88.
Akpinar, B., & Gezer, B. (2010). Reflections of learn-centred new educational approaches to the learning-teaching process. Journal of Dicle University Ziya Gokalp Faculty of Education, 14(1), 1-12. https://dergipark.o rg.tr/en/download/article-file/787086
Aksan, E., & Baki, A. (2017). Content analysis of curriculum-related studies in Turkey between 2000 and 2014. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 17(3), 877-904. https://doi.org/10.12738/estp.2017.3.0002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.12738/estp.2017.3.0002
Au, W. (2007). High-stakes testing and curricular control: A qualitative Meta synthesis. Educational Researcher, 36, 258–267. https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X07306523 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X07306523
Baki, A. (2008). Mathematics education from theory to practice. Ankara: Harf Egitim Publications.
Bengtsson, M. (2016). How to plan and perform a qualitative study using content analysis. NursingPlus Open, 2, 8-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.npls.2016.01.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.npls.2016.01.001
Bhuttah, T. M., Xiaoduan, C., Ullah, H., & Javed, S. (2019). Analysis of curriculum development stages from the perspective of Tyler, Taba and Wheeler. European Journal of Social Sciences, 58(1), 14-22. https://www.europeanjournalofsocialsciences.com/issues/PDF/EJSS_58_1_02.pdf
Cepni, S. (2007). Introduction to research and project work studies (3rd ed.). Trabzon, Turkey: Celepler Printing.
Dogan, Y. (2012). Adoption level of constructivist activities specified in the science and technology curriculum. Kastamonu Journal of Education, 20(1), 167-186. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/806929
Druzhinina, M., Belkova, N., Donchenko, E., Liu, F., & Morozova, O. (2018). Curriculum design in professional education: Theory and practice. In SHS Web of Conferences (Vol. 50, p. 01046). EDP Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20185001046 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20185001046
Erdogan, I. (2012). Change management in education. Ankara, Turkey: Pegem Academy.
Erturk, S. (1972). Curriculum development in education. Ankara, Turkey: Yelkentepe Publications.
Government of Pakistan. (2006). National curriculum for chemistry at IX- X grades. Islamabad: Ministry of Education.
Gozutok, F. D. (2003). Curriculum development studies in Turkey. Journal of National Education, 160(1), 44-64. http://dhgm.meb.gov.tr/yayimlar/dergiler/%20milli_egitim_dergisi/160/gozutok.htm
Gurol, M. (2002). The new paradigm in educational technology: Construction. Journal of Social Science, 12(1), 159-183. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/71986#page=163
Ivowi, U. M. O. (2009). Concept of curriculum implementation. In Offorma (ed), Curriculum implementation and instruction. Onitsha: Uni World Educational Publishers.
Kain, E. L. (2018). Using content analysis to study the sociology curriculum in the United States. SAGE Publications Ltd. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781526447111 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4135/9781526447111
Luo, A. (2021). What is content analysis and how can you use it in your research. Scribbr. https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/content-analysis/
Mohanasundaram, K. (2018). Curriculum design and development. Journal of Applied and Advanced Research, 3(1), 4-6. https://doi.org/10.21839/jaar.2018.v3iS1.156 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21839/jaar.2018.v3iS1.156
Offorma, G.C. (2002). Curriculum theory and planning. Enugu: Donze Press.
Oliva, P. F. (2009). Developing the curriculum. Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon.
Ornstein, A. C., & Hunkins, F. P. (2009). Curriculum: foundations, principles, and issues. Pearson/Allyn and Bacon, Boston.
Kosterelioglu, I., & Ozen, R. (2014). In-service training needs of classroom teachers to implement the social studies course curriculum. Abant Izzet Baysal Universitesi Egitim Fakultesi Dergisi, 14(1), 153-176. https://doi.org/10.17240/aibuefd.2014.14.1-5000091507 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17240/aibuefd.2014.14.1-5000091507
Krippendorff, K. (2004). Reliability in content analysis. Human Communication Research, 30(3), 411–433. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.2004.tb00738.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/hcr/30.3.411
Roller, M. R. (2019). A quality approach to qualitative content analysis: Similarities and differences compared to other qualitative methods. In Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung/Forum: Qualitative Social Research (Vol. 20, No. 3).
Sahlberg, P. (2006). Education reform for raising economic competitiveness. Journal of Educational Change, 7(4), 259–287. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10833-005-4884-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10833-005-4884-6
Saylan, N. (2001). Determination of secondary education teachers’ opinions on the program design and their behaviors in the process of the program. Balıkesir University Journal of Social Sciences Institute, 4(6), 1-13. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/864512
Selcuk, Z., Palanci, M., Kandemir, M., & Dundar, H. (2014). Trends of research published in the education and science journal: Content analysis. Education and Science, 39(173), 428-449. https://doi.org/10.153 90/eb.v39i173.3278 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15390/eb.v39i173.3278
Siddiqui, K. A. (2020). Analysis of Pakistan’s National Curriculum for English: A learner-centered ideology perspective. University of Chitral Journal of Linguistics & Literature, 4(I), 23-30. https://doi.org/10.3 3195/jll.v4iI.194 DOI: https://doi.org/10.33195/jll.v4iI.194
Sozbilir, M., Kutu, H., & Yaşar, M. D. (2012). Science education research in Turkey: A content analysis of selected features of papers published. In D. Jorde & J. Dillion (Eds.), Science education research and practice in Europe: Retrospective and prospective (pp. 341–374). Rotterdam, Netherlands: Sense Publishers. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6091-900-8_14 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6091-900-8_14
Stut, A. (2021). Curriculum development and the 3 models. https://tophat.com/blog/curriculum-development-models-design/
Talla, M. (2012). Curriculum development: Perspectives, principles and issues. Pearson Education India.
Tas, A. M. (2007). Teacher candidates' new primary education program and primary education [Teacher candidates' views on the implementation of the new primary education program and in primary schools]. Paper presented at the 16th National Educational Sciences Congress, GaziosmanpaÅŸa University, Tokat, Turkey.
Uljens, M., & Rajakaltio, H. (2017). National curriculum development as educational leadership: A discursive and non-affirmative approach. In Bridging educational leadership, curriculum theory and Didaktik (pp. 411-437). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58650-2_13 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58650-2_13
Wheeler, D. K. (1978). Curriculum process. London: Hodder & Stoughton.
Yesilyaprak, B. (2006). Guidance services in education (14th ed.). Ankara, Turkey: Nobel Publications.
Yildirim, A., & Simsek, H. (2008). Qualitative research methods in social sciences. Ankara, Turkey: Seckin Publishing.