Main Article Content
Abstract
Purpose of the study: This study aims to analyze the relationship between the dimensions of workplace spirituality, organizational commitment, and turnover intention in the construction industry in Surabaya, Indonesia.
Methodology: This study uses a quantitative approach. This research was conducted on a sample of seventy-four employees in eight companies in the Surabaya Construction Industry. The analysis of research uses the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) - Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis method.
Main Findings: The results showed a significant positive effect of meaningful work, a sense of community, alignment with organizational values as working spirituality dimensions​​ on affective commitment. Meanwhile, there is a negative and significant effect of meaningful work, sense of community and alignment with organizational values, and affective commitment on turnover intention.
Social implication: The results of this study are expected to provide benefits as a basis for further research in examining the dimensions of workplace spirituality, affective commitment, and return intention and practically as a basis for making other business decisions in reducing turnover intention in the field of corporate human resource management.
Novelty/originality of this study: Compared to previous studies examining the impact of working spirituality and organizational commitment partially on turnover intention and more research on the impact of working spirituality on job satisfaction, this study focuses on the analysis of the impact of organizational commitment and working spirituality on turnover intention is still rarely studied.
Keywords
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References
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- Aydogdu, S., & Asikgil, B. (2011). An Empirical Study of The Relationship Among Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment, and Turnover intention. International Review of Management and Marketing, 1, 43–53. Retrieved from www.econjournal.com
- Azizah, S. N. (2014). Workplace Spirituality dan Employee Commitment: Penelitian Empirik pada KPPS Syariah Kebumen, 14(02), 107–117. https://doi.org/10.32639/fokusbisnis.v13i2.155 DOI: https://doi.org/10.32639/fokusbisnis.v13i2.155
- Bank Indonesia. (2018). Asesmen Sektoral Semester I-2018 Konstruksi, 3, 1–20.
- Beehner, C. G., & Blackwell, M. J. (2016). The impact of workplace spirituality on food service worker turnover intention. Journal of Management, Spirituality, and Religion, 13(4), 304–323. https://doi.org/10.1080/14766086.2016.1172251 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14766086.2016.1172251
- Bell-Ellis, R. S., Jones, L., Longstreth, M., & Neal, J. (2015). Spirit at work in faculty and staff organizational commitment. Journal of Management, Spirituality, and Religion, 12(2), 156–177. https://doi.org/10.1080/14766086.2014.992355 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14766086.2014.992355
- Bothma, C. F., & Roodt, G. (2013). The Validation Of The Turnover Intention Scale. SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 11(1), 1–12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/sajhrm.v11i1.507
- Budiono, S., Noermijati, & Alamsyah, A. (2014). Pengaruh Spiritualitas di Tempat Kerja terhadap Turnover intention Perawat melalui Komitmen Organisasional di Rumah Sakit Islam Unisma Malang JAM. Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen (JAM), 12(4), 1–11.
- Dehaghi, M. R., Goodarzi, M., & Arazi, Z. K. (2012). The Effect of Spiritual Values on Employees’ Organizational Commitment and Its Models. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 62, 159–166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.025 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.025
- Du, J. J., Zhou, J. I. E., Liu, C., & Picken, D. (2006). Exploring the turnover intention of construction managers in China. Journal of construction research, 7(01n02), 191-205. https://doi.org/10.1142/S160994510600061X DOI: https://doi.org/10.1142/S160994510600061X
- Ghadi, M. Y. (2017). The impact of workplace spirituality on voluntary turnover intentions through loneliness at work. Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences, 33(1), 81–110. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEAS-03-2016-0005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JEAS-03-2016-0005
- Ghozali, I. (2006). Structural Equation Modeling Metode Alternatif dengan Partial Least Square (4th ed.). Semarang: Universitas Diponegoro Semarang.
- Hansel, Janice, & Andi. (2018). Faktor – Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Labor Turnover Dan Dampaknya Pada Proyek Konstruksi di Surabaya, 141–148.
- Haryokusumo, D. (2015). The Effect of Workplace Spirituality Dimensions On Organizational Commitment With Perceived Organizational Support As A Moderating Variable. Jurnal Dinamika Manajemen, 6(2), 187–202. https://doi.org/10.15294/jdm.v6i2.4307 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15294/jdm.v6i2.4307
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- Inka Y, D., & Kistyanto, A. (2013). Pengaruh Spiritualitas Di Tempat Kerja Terhadap Turnover Intention Melalui Komitmen Organisasi. Malang: UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. https://doi.org/10.18860/iq.v0i0.2274 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18860/iq.v0i0.2274
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- Liwun, S. B., & Bera Prabowo, H. (2015). Pengaruh Keterlibatan Kerja Dan Spiritualitas Kerja Terhadap Komitmen Organisasi. Jurnal Psikologi, 8(1).
- Lum, L., Kervin, J., Clark, K., Reid, F., & Sirola, W. (1998). Explaining Nursing Turnover Intent: Job Satisfaction, Pay Satisfaction, or Organizational Commitment? Journal of Organizational Behavior, 19(3), 305-320. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1379(199805)19:3<305::AID-JOB843>3.0.CO;2-N DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1379(199805)19:3<305::AID-JOB843>3.0.CO;2-N
- Mangkunegara, A. P. (2011). Perencanaan dan Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia. (Aep Gunarsa, Ed.) (5th ed.). Bandung: PT. Refika Gunarsa.
- Mangkunegara, A. P. (2015). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia Perusahaan. (Susan Sandiasih, Ed.) (12th ed.). Bandung: PT. Remaja Rosdakarya.
- Marri, M. Y. K. (2012). Measuring Islamic Work Ethics and Its Consequences on Organizational. International Journal of Management Sciences and Business Research, 2(2), 37–49.
- Mathis, R. L., & Jackson, J. H. (2014). Human Resource Management & Entrepreneurship Human Resource Management & Entrepreneurship.
- McMillan, D. W., & Chavis, D. M. (1986). Sense of community: A definition and theory. Journal of Community Psychology, 14(1), 6–23. https://doi.org/10.1002/1520-6629(198601)14:1<6::AID-JCOP2290140103>3.0.CO;2-I DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/1520-6629(198601)14:1<6::AID-JCOP2290140103>3.0.CO;2-I
- Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. (2004). TCM Employee Commitment Survey Academic Users Guide 2004. London, Ontario, Canada: The University of Western Ontario, Department of Psychology, University, 16.
- Meyer, J. P., Allen, N. J., & Smith, C. A. (1993). Commitment to Organizations and Occupations : Extension and Test Of Three-Component Conceptualization. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78, 538–551. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.78.4.538 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.78.4.538
- Milliman, J., Czaplewski, A. J., & Ferguson, J. (2003). Workplace spirituality and employee work attitudes: An exploratory empirical assessment. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 16(4), 426–447. https://doi.org/10.1108/09534810310484172 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/09534810310484172
- Ministry of Finance. (2019). Tantangan Indonesia dalam Menghadapi Revolusi Industri 4.0.
- Mobley, W. H., Griffeth, R. W., Hand, H. H., & Meglino, B. M. (1979). Review and conceptual analysis of the employee turnover process. Psychological Bulletin, 86(3), 493–522. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.86.3.493 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.86.3.493
- Mohamed, M., & Ruth, A. (2016). Workplace spirituality and organizational commitment : A study on the public school’s teachers in Menoufia (Egypt). African Journal of Business Management, 10(10), 247–255. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJBM2016.8031 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5897/AJBM2016.8031
- Nafis, M., F, A. Z., & Mujib, F. (2018). Workplace Spirituality To Increase Institutions’ Commitment and Meaning of Life. Epistemé: Jurnal Pengembangan Ilmu Keislaman, 13(1), 89–112. https://doi.org/10.21274/epis.2018.13.1.89-112 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21274/epis.2018.13.1.89-112
- Rego, A., & Pina E Cunha, M. (2008). Workplace spirituality and organizational commitment: An empirical study. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 21(1), 53–75. https://doi.org/10.1108/09534810810847039 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/09534810810847039
- Robbins, S. P., & Langton, N. (2007). Fundamentals of Organizational Behavior. McGraw Hill Book Company, New York., Chapter 1.
- Robbins, S. P., & Coulter, M. (2013). Management (Eleven, Vol. 53). Pearson. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004
- Satwari, T., Al Musadieq, M., & Afrianty, T. (2016). Pengaruh Komitmen Organisasional Terhadap Turnover intention (Survei pada Karyawan Hotel Swiss-Belinn Malang). Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis (JAB), 40(2), 177–186. Retrieved from administrasibisnis.studentjournal.ub.ac.id
- Sidharta, N., & Margaretha, M. (2011). Dampak Komitmen Organisasi Dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Turnover intention: Studi Empiris Pada Karyawan Bagian Operator Di Salah Satu Perusahaan Garment Di Cimahi. Jurnal Manajemen Maranatha, 10(2), 129–142.
- Steger, M. F., Dik, B. J., & Duffy, R. D. (2012). Measuring Meaningful work: The Work and Meaning Inventory (WAMI). Journal of Career Assessment, 20(3), 322–337. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072711436160 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072711436160
- Sugiarto, E. C. (2019). Pembangunan Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) Menuju Indonesia Unggul. Kementerian Sekretariat Negara Republik Indonesia. Retrieved from https://www.setneg.go.id/baca/inde x/pembangunan_sumber_daya_manusia_sdm_menuju_indonesia_unggul
- Suparyadi. (2015). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia. (Putri Chistian, Ed.) (1st ed.). Yogyakarta: CV. Andi Offset.
- Soomro, B. A., Helepoto, A. H., & Memon, M. S. (2015). Role of Trust and Organizational Commitment On Employee Turnover Study Of Non-Banking Financial Institution Of Sukkur Region. International Journal of Management Sciences and Business Research, 4(6), 8–13.
- Wang, J. H., Tsai, K. C., Lei, L. J. R., Chio, I. F., & Lai, S. K. (2016). Relationships among Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment, and Turnover Intention: Evidence from the Gambling Industry in Macau. Business and Management Studies, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.11114/bms.v2i1.1280 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11114/bms.v2i1.1280
- Widyantara, I., & Ardana, I. (2015). Pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja Dan Komitmen Organisasi Terhadap Intensitas Turnover Karyawan. E-Jurnal Manajemen Universitas Udayana, 4(6), 1670–1683.
References
Andini, R. (2010). Analisis Pengaruh Kepuasan Gaji, Kepuasan Kerja, Komitmen Organisasional Terhadap Turnover Intention. Jurnal Universitas Pandanaran, 8, 16.
Arief, A. M. (2019). Perang Dagang Bikin Indeks Manufaktur Kuartal III/2019 Merosot. Bisnis.Com. Retrieved from
Ashmos, D. P., & Duchon, D. (2000). Spirituality at Work A Conceptualization and Measure. Journal of Management Inquiry, 9, 134–145. https://doi.org/10.1177/105649260092008 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/105649260092008
Aydogdu, S., & Asikgil, B. (2011). An Empirical Study of The Relationship Among Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment, and Turnover intention. International Review of Management and Marketing, 1, 43–53. Retrieved from www.econjournal.com
Azizah, S. N. (2014). Workplace Spirituality dan Employee Commitment: Penelitian Empirik pada KPPS Syariah Kebumen, 14(02), 107–117. https://doi.org/10.32639/fokusbisnis.v13i2.155 DOI: https://doi.org/10.32639/fokusbisnis.v13i2.155
Bank Indonesia. (2018). Asesmen Sektoral Semester I-2018 Konstruksi, 3, 1–20.
Beehner, C. G., & Blackwell, M. J. (2016). The impact of workplace spirituality on food service worker turnover intention. Journal of Management, Spirituality, and Religion, 13(4), 304–323. https://doi.org/10.1080/14766086.2016.1172251 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14766086.2016.1172251
Bell-Ellis, R. S., Jones, L., Longstreth, M., & Neal, J. (2015). Spirit at work in faculty and staff organizational commitment. Journal of Management, Spirituality, and Religion, 12(2), 156–177. https://doi.org/10.1080/14766086.2014.992355 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14766086.2014.992355
Bothma, C. F., & Roodt, G. (2013). The Validation Of The Turnover Intention Scale. SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 11(1), 1–12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/sajhrm.v11i1.507
Budiono, S., Noermijati, & Alamsyah, A. (2014). Pengaruh Spiritualitas di Tempat Kerja terhadap Turnover intention Perawat melalui Komitmen Organisasional di Rumah Sakit Islam Unisma Malang JAM. Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen (JAM), 12(4), 1–11.
Dehaghi, M. R., Goodarzi, M., & Arazi, Z. K. (2012). The Effect of Spiritual Values on Employees’ Organizational Commitment and Its Models. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 62, 159–166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.025 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.025
Du, J. J., Zhou, J. I. E., Liu, C., & Picken, D. (2006). Exploring the turnover intention of construction managers in China. Journal of construction research, 7(01n02), 191-205. https://doi.org/10.1142/S160994510600061X DOI: https://doi.org/10.1142/S160994510600061X
Ghadi, M. Y. (2017). The impact of workplace spirituality on voluntary turnover intentions through loneliness at work. Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences, 33(1), 81–110. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEAS-03-2016-0005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JEAS-03-2016-0005
Ghozali, I. (2006). Structural Equation Modeling Metode Alternatif dengan Partial Least Square (4th ed.). Semarang: Universitas Diponegoro Semarang.
Hansel, Janice, & Andi. (2018). Faktor – Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Labor Turnover Dan Dampaknya Pada Proyek Konstruksi di Surabaya, 141–148.
Haryokusumo, D. (2015). The Effect of Workplace Spirituality Dimensions On Organizational Commitment With Perceived Organizational Support As A Moderating Variable. Jurnal Dinamika Manajemen, 6(2), 187–202. https://doi.org/10.15294/jdm.v6i2.4307 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15294/jdm.v6i2.4307
Hong, Y. J. (2012). Identifying Spirituality in Workers: A Strategy for Retention of Community Mental Health Professionals. Journal of Social Service Research, 38(2), 175–186. https://doi.org/10.1080/01488376.2011.615275 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01488376.2011.615275
Inka Y, D., & Kistyanto, A. (2013). Pengaruh Spiritualitas Di Tempat Kerja Terhadap Turnover Intention Melalui Komitmen Organisasi. Malang: UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. https://doi.org/10.18860/iq.v0i0.2274 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18860/iq.v0i0.2274
Khumaeni, A. (2018). Pengaruh Spiritualitas Ditempat Kerja Terhadap Komitmen Organisasi Studi Karyawan PT.ISS Rumah Sakit PKU Muhammadiyah Gombong, 53(9), 1689–1699. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004
Liwun, S. B., & Bera Prabowo, H. (2015). Pengaruh Keterlibatan Kerja Dan Spiritualitas Kerja Terhadap Komitmen Organisasi. Jurnal Psikologi, 8(1).
Lum, L., Kervin, J., Clark, K., Reid, F., & Sirola, W. (1998). Explaining Nursing Turnover Intent: Job Satisfaction, Pay Satisfaction, or Organizational Commitment? Journal of Organizational Behavior, 19(3), 305-320. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1379(199805)19:3<305::AID-JOB843>3.0.CO;2-N DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1379(199805)19:3<305::AID-JOB843>3.0.CO;2-N
Mangkunegara, A. P. (2011). Perencanaan dan Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia. (Aep Gunarsa, Ed.) (5th ed.). Bandung: PT. Refika Gunarsa.
Mangkunegara, A. P. (2015). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia Perusahaan. (Susan Sandiasih, Ed.) (12th ed.). Bandung: PT. Remaja Rosdakarya.
Marri, M. Y. K. (2012). Measuring Islamic Work Ethics and Its Consequences on Organizational. International Journal of Management Sciences and Business Research, 2(2), 37–49.
Mathis, R. L., & Jackson, J. H. (2014). Human Resource Management & Entrepreneurship Human Resource Management & Entrepreneurship.
McMillan, D. W., & Chavis, D. M. (1986). Sense of community: A definition and theory. Journal of Community Psychology, 14(1), 6–23. https://doi.org/10.1002/1520-6629(198601)14:1<6::AID-JCOP2290140103>3.0.CO;2-I DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/1520-6629(198601)14:1<6::AID-JCOP2290140103>3.0.CO;2-I
Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. (2004). TCM Employee Commitment Survey Academic Users Guide 2004. London, Ontario, Canada: The University of Western Ontario, Department of Psychology, University, 16.
Meyer, J. P., Allen, N. J., & Smith, C. A. (1993). Commitment to Organizations and Occupations : Extension and Test Of Three-Component Conceptualization. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78, 538–551. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.78.4.538 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.78.4.538
Milliman, J., Czaplewski, A. J., & Ferguson, J. (2003). Workplace spirituality and employee work attitudes: An exploratory empirical assessment. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 16(4), 426–447. https://doi.org/10.1108/09534810310484172 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/09534810310484172
Ministry of Finance. (2019). Tantangan Indonesia dalam Menghadapi Revolusi Industri 4.0.
Mobley, W. H., Griffeth, R. W., Hand, H. H., & Meglino, B. M. (1979). Review and conceptual analysis of the employee turnover process. Psychological Bulletin, 86(3), 493–522. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.86.3.493 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.86.3.493
Mohamed, M., & Ruth, A. (2016). Workplace spirituality and organizational commitment : A study on the public school’s teachers in Menoufia (Egypt). African Journal of Business Management, 10(10), 247–255. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJBM2016.8031 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5897/AJBM2016.8031
Nafis, M., F, A. Z., & Mujib, F. (2018). Workplace Spirituality To Increase Institutions’ Commitment and Meaning of Life. Epistemé: Jurnal Pengembangan Ilmu Keislaman, 13(1), 89–112. https://doi.org/10.21274/epis.2018.13.1.89-112 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21274/epis.2018.13.1.89-112
Rego, A., & Pina E Cunha, M. (2008). Workplace spirituality and organizational commitment: An empirical study. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 21(1), 53–75. https://doi.org/10.1108/09534810810847039 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/09534810810847039
Robbins, S. P., & Langton, N. (2007). Fundamentals of Organizational Behavior. McGraw Hill Book Company, New York., Chapter 1.
Robbins, S. P., & Coulter, M. (2013). Management (Eleven, Vol. 53). Pearson. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004
Satwari, T., Al Musadieq, M., & Afrianty, T. (2016). Pengaruh Komitmen Organisasional Terhadap Turnover intention (Survei pada Karyawan Hotel Swiss-Belinn Malang). Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis (JAB), 40(2), 177–186. Retrieved from administrasibisnis.studentjournal.ub.ac.id
Sidharta, N., & Margaretha, M. (2011). Dampak Komitmen Organisasi Dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Turnover intention: Studi Empiris Pada Karyawan Bagian Operator Di Salah Satu Perusahaan Garment Di Cimahi. Jurnal Manajemen Maranatha, 10(2), 129–142.
Steger, M. F., Dik, B. J., & Duffy, R. D. (2012). Measuring Meaningful work: The Work and Meaning Inventory (WAMI). Journal of Career Assessment, 20(3), 322–337. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072711436160 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072711436160
Sugiarto, E. C. (2019). Pembangunan Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) Menuju Indonesia Unggul. Kementerian Sekretariat Negara Republik Indonesia. Retrieved from https://www.setneg.go.id/baca/inde x/pembangunan_sumber_daya_manusia_sdm_menuju_indonesia_unggul
Suparyadi. (2015). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia. (Putri Chistian, Ed.) (1st ed.). Yogyakarta: CV. Andi Offset.
Soomro, B. A., Helepoto, A. H., & Memon, M. S. (2015). Role of Trust and Organizational Commitment On Employee Turnover Study Of Non-Banking Financial Institution Of Sukkur Region. International Journal of Management Sciences and Business Research, 4(6), 8–13.
Wang, J. H., Tsai, K. C., Lei, L. J. R., Chio, I. F., & Lai, S. K. (2016). Relationships among Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment, and Turnover Intention: Evidence from the Gambling Industry in Macau. Business and Management Studies, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.11114/bms.v2i1.1280 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11114/bms.v2i1.1280
Widyantara, I., & Ardana, I. (2015). Pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja Dan Komitmen Organisasi Terhadap Intensitas Turnover Karyawan. E-Jurnal Manajemen Universitas Udayana, 4(6), 1670–1683.