Main Article Content
Abstract
Purpose of the study: Bangladesh is blessed with all the possibility to be an imperative heritage destination on global premises, whereas there are a number of obstacles that can obstruct the effective development of the heritage tourism segment in the country. As a result, the present study targets to explore major issues that are critical in the development process of heritage tourism.
Methodology: The study has organised 25 semi-structured interview procedures for data collection. The respondents are judgementally selected on the basis of their frequent tourism activities.
Findings: The analysis has revealed some critical issues related to governance, institutional requirements, integration, and resource allocation.
Application: The findings of the study can possibly help the authority to formulate a suitable strategy regarding the development of heritage tourism in Bangladesh. The outcomes of the study also serve a direction on how better tourist experience can be configured in the country's heritage destinations.
Novelty/Originality of the study: The explorative nature of the investigation has the benefit of accumulating useful and insightful info about heritage tourism issues in Bangladesh comparing to what can obtain through quantitative testings. It is also one of the few attempts to identify and categorise the valuable heritage tourism products inside Bangladesh.
Keywords
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References
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- Bessière, J. (2013). 'Heritagisation,' a challenge for tourism promotion and regional development: an example of food heritage. Journal Of Heritage Tourism, 8(4), 275-291. https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2013.770861 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2013.770861
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- Hausmann, A., & Weuster, L. (2017). Possible marketing tools for heritage tourism: the potential of imple-menting information and communication technology. Journal Of Heritage Tourism, 13(3), 273-284. https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2017.1334786 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2017.1334786
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- Kadir, N., & Karim, M. Z. A. (2012). Tourism and economic growth in Malaysia: Evidence from tourist arri-vals from Asean-S countries. Economic Research- Ekonomska IstrazÌŒivanja, 25(4), 1089-1100. https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2012.11517550 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2012.11517550
- Kelman, I. (2012). Extreme heritage management: the practices and policies of densely populated islands, edited by Godfrey Baldacchino. Journal Of Heritage Tourism, 7(3), 279-280. https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2012.671566 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2012.671566
- Kokkranikal, J., Cronje, P., & Butler, R. (2011). Tourism Policy and Destination Marketing in Developing Countries: The Chain of Influence. Tourism Planning & Development, 8(4), 359-380. https://doi.org/10.1080/21568316.2011.603885 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/21568316.2011.603885
- Laing, J. (2011). Sustainable marketing of cultural and heritage tourism. Journal Of Heritage Tourism, 6(2), 173-174. https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2011.558756 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2011.558756
- Landthaler, M. (2014). Fostering sustainability in toursim. International Trade Forum, 2014(1), 34-35. https://doi.org/10.18356/df28dc95-en DOI: https://doi.org/10.18356/df28dc95-en
- Malaysia Tourism Promotion Board. (2004). Profile of Tourists by Selected Market 2004. Planning and Re-search Division, Tourism Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur.
- Meskell, L. (2014). States of conservation: Protection, politics, and practing within UNESCO's world heritage committee. Anthropological Quarterly, 87(1), 217-243. https://doi.org/10.1353/anq.2014.0009 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/anq.2014.0009
- Mkono, M. (2012). Cultural heritage and tourism: an introduction, by Dallen J. Timothy. Journal Of Heritage Tourism, 7(3), 277-278. https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2012.671565 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2012.671565
- NTHP. (2008). Four Steps for Successful and Sustainable Cultural Heritage Tourism. Retrieved from http://www.culturalheritagetourism.org/fourSteps.htm
- Prohaska, S. (2015). Contemporary issues in cultural heritage tourism. Journal Of Heritage Tourism, 10(3), 316-317. https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2014.914656 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2014.914656
- Skrbic, I., Jegdic, V., Milosevic, S., & Tomka, D. (2015). Development of Sremski Karlovci wine tourism and integration in the regional tourism offer. Ekonomika Poljoprivrede, 62(1), 229-244. https://doi.org/10.5937/ekoPolj1501229S DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/ekoPolj1501229S
- Stumpf, T., Sandstrom, J., & Swanger, N. (2016). Bridging the gap: grounded theory method, theory devel-opment, and sustainable tourism research. Journal Of Sustainable Tourism, 24(12), 1691-1708. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2016.1149183 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2016.1149183
- Su, R. (2012). Safeguarding intangible cultural heritage. Journal Of Heritage Tourism, 8(4), 362-363. https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2012.746026 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2012.746026
- Tham, A. (2012). Heritage tourism in southeast Asia. Journal Of Heritage Tourism, 7(1), 99-100. https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2011.601887 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2011.601887
- Timothy, D. J. (2011). Cultural heritage and tourism: An introduction. Channel View Publications. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21832/9781845411787
- Wearne, S. (2017). Tourism Development and Whaling—Heritage as Sustainable Future. Tourism Planning & Development, 15(1), 89-95. https://doi.org/10.1080/21568316.2017.1336474 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/21568316.2017.1336474
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References
Ahmad Mir, S. (2017). The Impact of Tourism Industry on Gross Domestic Product and Balance of Payments in India. International Journal of Economics and Management Sciences, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.4172/2162-6359.1000498 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4172/2162-6359.1000498
Ahmed, I. (2006). A participatory approach to conservation: working with the community to save the cultural heritage of Panamnagar. DSpace.Bracu.Ac.Bd. http://dspace.bracu.ac.bd/xmlui/handle/10361/568
Alemneh, D. G., Rorissa, A., & Assefa, S. (2016). Harnessing social media for promoting tourism in Africa: an exploratory analysis of tweets. Www.Ideals.Illinois.Edu. https://doi.org/10.9776/16455 DOI: https://doi.org/10.9776/16455
Alipour, H., Vaziri, R. K., & Ligay, E. (2011). Governance as a catalyst to sustainable tourism development: Evidence from North Cyprus. Journal of Sustainable Development, 4(5), 32. https://doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v4n5p32 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v4n5p32
Assaf, A. G., & Dwyer, L. (2013). Benchmarking International Tourism Destinations. Tourism Econom-ics, 19(6), 1233–1247. https://doi.org/10.5367/te.2013.0354 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5367/te.2013.0354
Aykan, B. (2013). How participatory is participatory heritage management? The politics of safeguarding the Alevi Semah ritual as intangible heritage. International Journal of Cultural Property, 20(4), 381-405. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0940739113000180 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0940739113000180
Barney, J. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99-120. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700108 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700108
Bessière, J. (2013). 'Heritagisation,' a challenge for tourism promotion and regional development: an example of food heritage. Journal Of Heritage Tourism, 8(4), 275-291. https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2013.770861 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2013.770861
Bhuiyan, M. A. H., & Darda, M. A. (2019). Tourists' satisfaction on heritage sites of Dhaka city in Bangla-desh. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCTHR-06-2018-0081 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCTHR-06-2018-0081
Butler, R. W. (1980). The concept of a tourist area cycle of evolution: implications for management of re-sources. Canadian Geographer/Le Géographe Canadien, 24(1), 5-12. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0064.1980.tb00970.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0064.1980.tb00970.x
Chandra Roy, S., & Roy, M. (2015). Tourism in Bangladesh: Present Status and Future Prospects. The Inter-national Journal Of Management Science And Business Administration, 1(8), 53-61. https://doi.org/10.18775/ijmsba.1849-5664-5419.2014.18.1006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18775/ijmsba.1849-5664-5419.2014.18.1006
Deng, T., Ma, M., & Cao, J. (2014). Tourism Resource Development and Long-Term Economic Growth: A Resource Curse Hypothesis Approach. Tourism Economics, 20(5), 923-938. https://doi.org/10.5367/te.2013.0325 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5367/te.2013.0325
Duarte Alonso, A. (2017). Exploring a developing tourism industry: A resource-based view ap-proach. Tourism Recreation Research, 42(1), 45-58. https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2016.1239332 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2016.1239332
Ebejer, J. (2019). Urban heritage and cultural tourism development: a case study of Valletta's role in Malta's tourism. Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change, 17(3), 306-320. https://doi.org/10.1080/14766825.2018.1447950 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14766825.2018.1447950
Giap, T. K., Gopalan, S., & Ye, Y. (2016). Drivers of growth in the travel and tourism industry in Malaysia: A Geweke causality analysis. Economies, 4(3), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.3390/economies4010003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/economies4010003
Hasan, M., & Jobaid, M. (2014). Heritage Tourism Marketing: Status, Prospects and Barriers. IOSR Journal Of Business And Management, 16(5), 40-48. https://doi.org/10.9790/487X-16544048 DOI: https://doi.org/10.9790/487X-16544048
Haugland, S., Grønseth, H., & Aarstad, J. (2010). DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISMDESTINATIONS; An In-tegrated Multilevel Perspective. Annals Of Tourism Research, 38(1), 268-290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2010.08.008 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2010.08.008
Hausmann, A., & Weuster, L. (2017). Possible marketing tools for heritage tourism: the potential of imple-menting information and communication technology. Journal Of Heritage Tourism, 13(3), 273-284. https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2017.1334786 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2017.1334786
Jahan, S. H. (2019). Communities and Micro-Heritage in Bhitargarh, Bangladesh: A Case Study. In Archaeology, Cultural Heritage Protection and Community Engagement in South Asia (pp. 17-30). Pal-grave Pivot, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6237-8_2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6237-8_2
Kadir, N., & Karim, M. Z. A. (2012). Tourism and economic growth in Malaysia: Evidence from tourist arri-vals from Asean-S countries. Economic Research- Ekonomska IstrazÌŒivanja, 25(4), 1089-1100. https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2012.11517550 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2012.11517550
Kelman, I. (2012). Extreme heritage management: the practices and policies of densely populated islands, edited by Godfrey Baldacchino. Journal Of Heritage Tourism, 7(3), 279-280. https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2012.671566 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2012.671566
Kokkranikal, J., Cronje, P., & Butler, R. (2011). Tourism Policy and Destination Marketing in Developing Countries: The Chain of Influence. Tourism Planning & Development, 8(4), 359-380. https://doi.org/10.1080/21568316.2011.603885 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/21568316.2011.603885
Laing, J. (2011). Sustainable marketing of cultural and heritage tourism. Journal Of Heritage Tourism, 6(2), 173-174. https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2011.558756 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2011.558756
Landthaler, M. (2014). Fostering sustainability in toursim. International Trade Forum, 2014(1), 34-35. https://doi.org/10.18356/df28dc95-en DOI: https://doi.org/10.18356/df28dc95-en
Malaysia Tourism Promotion Board. (2004). Profile of Tourists by Selected Market 2004. Planning and Re-search Division, Tourism Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur.
Meskell, L. (2014). States of conservation: Protection, politics, and practing within UNESCO's world heritage committee. Anthropological Quarterly, 87(1), 217-243. https://doi.org/10.1353/anq.2014.0009 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/anq.2014.0009
Mkono, M. (2012). Cultural heritage and tourism: an introduction, by Dallen J. Timothy. Journal Of Heritage Tourism, 7(3), 277-278. https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2012.671565 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2012.671565
NTHP. (2008). Four Steps for Successful and Sustainable Cultural Heritage Tourism. Retrieved from http://www.culturalheritagetourism.org/fourSteps.htm
Prohaska, S. (2015). Contemporary issues in cultural heritage tourism. Journal Of Heritage Tourism, 10(3), 316-317. https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2014.914656 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2014.914656
Skrbic, I., Jegdic, V., Milosevic, S., & Tomka, D. (2015). Development of Sremski Karlovci wine tourism and integration in the regional tourism offer. Ekonomika Poljoprivrede, 62(1), 229-244. https://doi.org/10.5937/ekoPolj1501229S DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/ekoPolj1501229S
Stumpf, T., Sandstrom, J., & Swanger, N. (2016). Bridging the gap: grounded theory method, theory devel-opment, and sustainable tourism research. Journal Of Sustainable Tourism, 24(12), 1691-1708. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2016.1149183 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2016.1149183
Su, R. (2012). Safeguarding intangible cultural heritage. Journal Of Heritage Tourism, 8(4), 362-363. https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2012.746026 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2012.746026
Tham, A. (2012). Heritage tourism in southeast Asia. Journal Of Heritage Tourism, 7(1), 99-100. https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2011.601887 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2011.601887
Timothy, D. J. (2011). Cultural heritage and tourism: An introduction. Channel View Publications. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21832/9781845411787
Wearne, S. (2017). Tourism Development and Whaling—Heritage as Sustainable Future. Tourism Planning & Development, 15(1), 89-95. https://doi.org/10.1080/21568316.2017.1336474 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/21568316.2017.1336474
WTTC Report. (2018). Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2018 Serbia. London. Retrieved from http://www. wttc. org/-/media/files/reports/economic-impact-research/countries-2018/serbia2018. pdf>(Hämtad: 2019-04-12).