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BEING POWER AND POWERLESS: DYNAMICS ON INDONESIAN WOMEN’S MINISTER
Corresponding Author(s) : Daniel Susilo
Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews,
Vol. 7 No. 5 (2019): September
Abstract
Purpose of study: This paper aims to re-questioning the positions of Indonesia's woman ministers in the internet citizen's perspectives on responding to the news related to those woman ministers.
Methodology: The current study used a qualitative research design. The multimodal analysis has been used as a key to implement analysis on a conversation on the internet. Using the pattern of Herring, the researcher has used the data from the Facebook comments section on the official web page of Detik.com, the pioneer of Indonesia's online news site from 1 January – 31 December 2017. Digital Discourse Analysis has been used to analyze those digital actions then coded, and classified.
Result: The obtained results show that there is a prominent separation between the ministers who own political powers and those who are considered not possess strong power in Indonesia's political arena.
Implications/Applications: In observing those digital actions, this article will utilize limited mapping on Facebook commentary section on the official web page of Detik.com, the pioneer of Indonesia's online news site.
Keywords
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- Al Uyun, D. (2014). Women ' s Rights in the Indonesian Constitution. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science.
- Ayu, R. K. (2017). Perempuan Pebisnis Startup di Indonesia dalam Perspektif Cybertopia. Jurnal Studi Komunikasi.1(2). https://doi.org/10.25139/jsk.v1i2.167 DOI: https://doi.org/10.25139/jsk.v1i2.167
- Braga, M., & Scervini, F. (2017). The performance of politicians: The effect of gender quotas. European Journal of Political Economy. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2016.10.007 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2016.10.007
- Brookey, R. A., & Cannon, K. L. (2009). Sex lives in second life. Critical Studies in Media Communication. https://doi.org/10.1080/15295030902860260 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15295030902860260
- Butler, J. (1988). The Body Politics of Julia Kristeva. Hypatia. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.1988.tb00191.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.1988.tb00191.x
- Butler, J. (1990). Gender Trouble. Feminism and Subversion of Identity. History. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2010.08.009 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2010.08.009
- Butler, J. (2006). Sex and Gender in Simone de Beauvoir’s Second Sex. Yale French Studies. https://doi.org/10.2307/2930225 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2930225
- Card, C. (2003). The Cambridge Companion to Simone de Beauvoir. The Cambridge Companion to Simone de Beauvoir. https://doi.org/10.1017/CCOL0521790964 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CCOL0521790964
- Chao, N., Yuan, G., Li, Y., & Yao, Q. (2017). The internet ecological perception, political trust and political efficacy of Chinese netizens. Telematics and Informatics. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2016.05.014 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2016.05.014
- Clots-Figueras, I. (2011). Women in politics. Evidence from the Indian States. Journal of Public Economics. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2010.11.017 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2010.11.017
- Collette, C. (2006). Women and political power: Europe since 1945. Women’s History Review. https://doi.org/10.1080/09612020200200651 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09612020200200651
- Collins, D. (2006). Women and European politics: contemporary feminism and public policy. International Affairs. https://doi.org/10.2307/2617935 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2617935
- Cumley, S. R. (2014). Book Review: Breaking Women: Gender, Race, and the New Politics of Imprisonment by Jill A. McCorkel. Gender & Society. https://doi.org/10.1177/0891243214526304 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0891243214526304
- David, W. (1989). Land Reform: Contexts, Accomplishments and Prospects under Marcos and Aquino. Pilipinas.
- De Beauvoir, S. (2016). The second sex. In Social Theory Re-Wired: New Connections to Classical and Contemporary Perspectives: Second Edition. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315775357 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315775357
- Eagly, A. H. (1995). The Science and Politics of Comparing Women and Men. American Psychologist. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.50.3.145 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.50.3.145
- Fida, A., & Karam, C. M. (2019). The formative role of contextual hardships in women’s career calling. Journal of Vocational Behavior, (December 2017), 0–1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2019.02.008 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2019.02.008
- Fleschenberg, A. (2011). South and Southeast Asia. Women in Executive Power: A Global Overview. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203829981 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203829981
- Good, B. J. (2004). Rethinking ‘emotions’ in Southeast Asia. Ethnos. https://doi.org/10.1080/0014184042000302344 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0014184042000302344
- Gredel, E. (2017). Digital discourse analysis and Wikipedia: Bridging the gap between Foucauldian discourse analysis and digital conversation analysis. Journal of Pragmatics. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2017.02.010 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2017.02.010
- Grigg, R. (2008). Lacan, Language, and Philosophy. Philosophy. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031819100032332 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031819100032332
- Herring, S. C. (2013). Discourse in Web2.0: Familiar, Reconfigured, and Emergent. In Georgetown University Round Table on Languages and Linguistics 2011: Discourse 2.0: Language and new media.
- Hutchings, K. (2009). Simone de Beauvoir. Critical Theorists and International Relations. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203881842 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203881842
- Julia Kristeva and literary theory. (2013). Choice Reviews Online. https://doi.org/10.5860/CHOICE.43-4487 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5860/CHOICE.43-4487
- Krook, M. L. (2010). Why are fewer women than men elected? Gender and the dynamics of candidate selection. Political Studies Review. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-9302.2009.00185.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-9299.2009.00185.x
- Mama, A. (2017). Women in politics. In Routledge Handbook of African Politics. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315088563 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315088563-15
- Nagel, J. (1998). Masculinity and nationalism: Gender and sexuality in the making of nations. Ethnic and Racial Studies. https://doi.org/10.1080/014198798330007 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/014198798330007
- Paludi, M. A., & Denmark, F. L. (2018). Women and leadership. Women and Leadership. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72182-8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72182-8
- Parawansa, K. I. (2005). Enhancing Women’s Political Participation in Indonesia. Women in Parliament: Beyond Numbers.
- Rinaldo, R. (2010). The Islamic revival and women’s political subjectivity in Indonesia. Women’s Studies International Forum. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wsif.2010.02.016 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wsif.2010.02.016
- Rosenwasser, S. M., Rogers, R. R., Fling, S., Silvers-Pickens, K., & Butemeyer, J. (1987). Attitudes toward Women and Men in Politics: Perceived Male and Female Candidate Competencies and Participant Personality Characteristics. Political Psychology. https://doi.org/10.2307/3791299 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3791299
- Sakai, M., & Fauzia, A. (2016). Performing Muslim Womanhood: Muslim Business Women Moderating Islamic Practices in Contemporary Indonesia. Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations. https://doi.org/10.1080/09596410.2015.1114243 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09596410.2015.1114243
- Shaham, R. (2018). Case Study III—Politics and Gender: Women in Roles of Political Leadership (pp. 145–163). Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004369542_009 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004369542_009
- Sofe Ahmed. (2012). Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic theory Oedipus complex: A critical study with reference to D. H. Lawrence’s “Sons and Lovers.†International Journal of English and Literature. https://doi.org/10.5897/IJEL11.137 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5897/IJEL11.137
- Susilo, D. (2016). Perempuan dan Korupsi: Wacana Media dalam Berita Tindak Pidana Korupsi Perempuan. In G. Arivia (Ed.), INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FEMINISM: Intersecting Identity, Agency and Politics (20 years Jurnal Perempuan). Yayasan Jurnal Perempuan. Retrieved from https://ssrn.com/abstract=2907291
- Susilo, D. (2017). Masculinity discourse on media text : A critical review about news about violence on online news portals. Masyarakat Kebudayaan Dan Politik, 30(4). https://doi.org/10.20473/mkp.V30I42017.344-352 DOI: https://doi.org/10.20473/mkp.V30I42017.344-352
- Tambling, J. (2013). Introducing Lacan. In Literature and Psychoanalysis. https://doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9780719086731.003.0006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9780719086731.001.0001
- Thomas, M. E., & Ehrkamp, P. (2013). Feminist Theory. In The Wiley-Blackwell Companion to Cultural Geography. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118384466.ch4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118384466.ch4
- Thompson, B. (2008). Multiracial Feminism: Recasting the Chronology of Second Wave Feminism. Feminist Studies. https://doi.org/10.2307/3178747 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3178747
- Wang, X., Li, L., Yuan, Y., Ye, P., & Wang, F.-Y. (2016). ACP-based social computing and parallel intelligence: Societies 5.0 and beyond. CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trit.2016.11.005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trit.2016.11.005
- Wille, B., Wiernik, B. M., Vergauwe, J., Vrijdags, A., & Trbovic, N. (2018). Personality characteristics of male and female executives: Distinct pathways to success? Journal of Vocational Behavior. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2018.02.005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2018.02.005
- Yao, Y., & You, W. (2018). Women’s political participation and gender gaps of education in China: 1950–1990. World Development, 106, 220–237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2018.01.004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2018.01.004
- Zepf, S., Ullrich, B., & Seel, D. (2016). Oedipus and the Oedipus complex: A revision. International Journal of Psychoanalysis. https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-8315.12278 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-8315.12278
- Žižek, S. (2009). How to read Lacan. New York. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203634400 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203634400
References
Al Uyun, D. (2014). Women ' s Rights in the Indonesian Constitution. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science.
Ayu, R. K. (2017). Perempuan Pebisnis Startup di Indonesia dalam Perspektif Cybertopia. Jurnal Studi Komunikasi.1(2). https://doi.org/10.25139/jsk.v1i2.167 DOI: https://doi.org/10.25139/jsk.v1i2.167
Braga, M., & Scervini, F. (2017). The performance of politicians: The effect of gender quotas. European Journal of Political Economy. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2016.10.007 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2016.10.007
Brookey, R. A., & Cannon, K. L. (2009). Sex lives in second life. Critical Studies in Media Communication. https://doi.org/10.1080/15295030902860260 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15295030902860260
Butler, J. (1988). The Body Politics of Julia Kristeva. Hypatia. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.1988.tb00191.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.1988.tb00191.x
Butler, J. (1990). Gender Trouble. Feminism and Subversion of Identity. History. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2010.08.009 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2010.08.009
Butler, J. (2006). Sex and Gender in Simone de Beauvoir’s Second Sex. Yale French Studies. https://doi.org/10.2307/2930225 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2930225
Card, C. (2003). The Cambridge Companion to Simone de Beauvoir. The Cambridge Companion to Simone de Beauvoir. https://doi.org/10.1017/CCOL0521790964 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CCOL0521790964
Chao, N., Yuan, G., Li, Y., & Yao, Q. (2017). The internet ecological perception, political trust and political efficacy of Chinese netizens. Telematics and Informatics. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2016.05.014 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2016.05.014
Clots-Figueras, I. (2011). Women in politics. Evidence from the Indian States. Journal of Public Economics. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2010.11.017 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2010.11.017
Collette, C. (2006). Women and political power: Europe since 1945. Women’s History Review. https://doi.org/10.1080/09612020200200651 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09612020200200651
Collins, D. (2006). Women and European politics: contemporary feminism and public policy. International Affairs. https://doi.org/10.2307/2617935 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2617935
Cumley, S. R. (2014). Book Review: Breaking Women: Gender, Race, and the New Politics of Imprisonment by Jill A. McCorkel. Gender & Society. https://doi.org/10.1177/0891243214526304 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0891243214526304
David, W. (1989). Land Reform: Contexts, Accomplishments and Prospects under Marcos and Aquino. Pilipinas.
De Beauvoir, S. (2016). The second sex. In Social Theory Re-Wired: New Connections to Classical and Contemporary Perspectives: Second Edition. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315775357 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315775357
Eagly, A. H. (1995). The Science and Politics of Comparing Women and Men. American Psychologist. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.50.3.145 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.50.3.145
Fida, A., & Karam, C. M. (2019). The formative role of contextual hardships in women’s career calling. Journal of Vocational Behavior, (December 2017), 0–1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2019.02.008 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2019.02.008
Fleschenberg, A. (2011). South and Southeast Asia. Women in Executive Power: A Global Overview. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203829981 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203829981
Good, B. J. (2004). Rethinking ‘emotions’ in Southeast Asia. Ethnos. https://doi.org/10.1080/0014184042000302344 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0014184042000302344
Gredel, E. (2017). Digital discourse analysis and Wikipedia: Bridging the gap between Foucauldian discourse analysis and digital conversation analysis. Journal of Pragmatics. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2017.02.010 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2017.02.010
Grigg, R. (2008). Lacan, Language, and Philosophy. Philosophy. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031819100032332 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031819100032332
Herring, S. C. (2013). Discourse in Web2.0: Familiar, Reconfigured, and Emergent. In Georgetown University Round Table on Languages and Linguistics 2011: Discourse 2.0: Language and new media.
Hutchings, K. (2009). Simone de Beauvoir. Critical Theorists and International Relations. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203881842 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203881842
Julia Kristeva and literary theory. (2013). Choice Reviews Online. https://doi.org/10.5860/CHOICE.43-4487 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5860/CHOICE.43-4487
Krook, M. L. (2010). Why are fewer women than men elected? Gender and the dynamics of candidate selection. Political Studies Review. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-9302.2009.00185.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-9299.2009.00185.x
Mama, A. (2017). Women in politics. In Routledge Handbook of African Politics. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315088563 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315088563-15
Nagel, J. (1998). Masculinity and nationalism: Gender and sexuality in the making of nations. Ethnic and Racial Studies. https://doi.org/10.1080/014198798330007 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/014198798330007
Paludi, M. A., & Denmark, F. L. (2018). Women and leadership. Women and Leadership. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72182-8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72182-8
Parawansa, K. I. (2005). Enhancing Women’s Political Participation in Indonesia. Women in Parliament: Beyond Numbers.
Rinaldo, R. (2010). The Islamic revival and women’s political subjectivity in Indonesia. Women’s Studies International Forum. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wsif.2010.02.016 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wsif.2010.02.016
Rosenwasser, S. M., Rogers, R. R., Fling, S., Silvers-Pickens, K., & Butemeyer, J. (1987). Attitudes toward Women and Men in Politics: Perceived Male and Female Candidate Competencies and Participant Personality Characteristics. Political Psychology. https://doi.org/10.2307/3791299 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3791299
Sakai, M., & Fauzia, A. (2016). Performing Muslim Womanhood: Muslim Business Women Moderating Islamic Practices in Contemporary Indonesia. Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations. https://doi.org/10.1080/09596410.2015.1114243 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09596410.2015.1114243
Shaham, R. (2018). Case Study III—Politics and Gender: Women in Roles of Political Leadership (pp. 145–163). Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004369542_009 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004369542_009
Sofe Ahmed. (2012). Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic theory Oedipus complex: A critical study with reference to D. H. Lawrence’s “Sons and Lovers.†International Journal of English and Literature. https://doi.org/10.5897/IJEL11.137 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5897/IJEL11.137
Susilo, D. (2016). Perempuan dan Korupsi: Wacana Media dalam Berita Tindak Pidana Korupsi Perempuan. In G. Arivia (Ed.), INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FEMINISM: Intersecting Identity, Agency and Politics (20 years Jurnal Perempuan). Yayasan Jurnal Perempuan. Retrieved from https://ssrn.com/abstract=2907291
Susilo, D. (2017). Masculinity discourse on media text : A critical review about news about violence on online news portals. Masyarakat Kebudayaan Dan Politik, 30(4). https://doi.org/10.20473/mkp.V30I42017.344-352 DOI: https://doi.org/10.20473/mkp.V30I42017.344-352
Tambling, J. (2013). Introducing Lacan. In Literature and Psychoanalysis. https://doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9780719086731.003.0006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9780719086731.001.0001
Thomas, M. E., & Ehrkamp, P. (2013). Feminist Theory. In The Wiley-Blackwell Companion to Cultural Geography. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118384466.ch4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118384466.ch4
Thompson, B. (2008). Multiracial Feminism: Recasting the Chronology of Second Wave Feminism. Feminist Studies. https://doi.org/10.2307/3178747 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3178747
Wang, X., Li, L., Yuan, Y., Ye, P., & Wang, F.-Y. (2016). ACP-based social computing and parallel intelligence: Societies 5.0 and beyond. CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trit.2016.11.005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trit.2016.11.005
Wille, B., Wiernik, B. M., Vergauwe, J., Vrijdags, A., & Trbovic, N. (2018). Personality characteristics of male and female executives: Distinct pathways to success? Journal of Vocational Behavior. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2018.02.005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2018.02.005
Yao, Y., & You, W. (2018). Women’s political participation and gender gaps of education in China: 1950–1990. World Development, 106, 220–237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2018.01.004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2018.01.004
Zepf, S., Ullrich, B., & Seel, D. (2016). Oedipus and the Oedipus complex: A revision. International Journal of Psychoanalysis. https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-8315.12278 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-8315.12278
Žižek, S. (2009). How to read Lacan. New York. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203634400 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203634400