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INVESTIGATING THE USE OF CIGARETTE, ALCOHOL, AND DRUG IN STUDENTS AND FACTORS AFFECTING IT
Corresponding Author(s) : Azita Amirfakhraei
Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews,
Vol. 7 No. 6 (2019): November
Abstract
Purpose: Increasing the use of cigarettes, drug and alcohol in adolescents have nowadays become a serious challenge in communities. Thus, the present study was conducted to investigate the use of drugs, cigarettes, and alcohol and factors affecting adolescents.
Methodology: The research method was a cross-sectional survey study. The research population included all of the second-grade high school students in the Tehran province cities. Using random cluster sampling method, 448 of them were selected and responded to the test questions.
Result: The research results showed that boys used hubble-bubble (0.88), alcohol (0.51), cigarette (0.39), psychotropic pills (21) and girls used hubble-bubble (0.79), alcohol (0.29), and psychotropic pills (0.28) and cigarettes (0.17). The rate of using all drugs was higher in boys than that of girls. The use of hubble-bubble and alcohol had the highest rate and the use of heavier drugs was less prevalent. However, as the use of lighter drugs predisposed one person to use other drugs, taking preventive measures in schools and at an early age was essential.
Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students.
Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of Investigating the Use of Cigarette, Alcohol, and Drug in Students and Factors Affecting it is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.
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- Ajallooeian, E., Gorji, Y., & Niknejadi, F. (2015). Evaluate the Effectiveness of Social Skills Training through Group Therapy Play on Reducing Rational Aggression Boy Elementary School Student in Esfahan City. UCT Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Research, 3(1), 1-4.
- Alwahdani, A. (2019). The Impact of Trust and Reciprocity on Knowledge Exchange: A Case Study in IT Outsourcing. Journal of Information Systems Engineering & Management, 4(1), em0084. https://doi.org/10.29333/jisem/5738 DOI: https://doi.org/10.29333/jisem/5738
- Aziz H, Abdolghader F. Investigation of International Students Quality on Educational Services. Journal of Humanities Insights. 2018;02(03):118-23.
- Botvin, G. J. (2000). Preventing drug abuse in schools: social and competence. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-4603(00)00119-2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-4603(00)00119-2
- Botvin, G., Eng, A., & Williams, C. (1978). The ethnography of teenage cigarette smoking. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Public Health Association, Los Angeles
- Ceisil U. E-Awareness of University Student through Smart Phones and Developing Social Networks. Journal of Humanities Insights. 2018;02(03):139-45.
- Ellickson, P. L., Tucker, J. S., & Klein, D. J. (2001). High-risk behaviors associated with early smoking: results from a 5-year follow-up. Journal of Adolescent Health, 28(6), pp 465-473. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1054-139X(00)00202-0 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1054-139X(00)00202-0
- Fahimeh Khorasani Baghini, mahboobeh khosravani, Azadeh Amiri, Evaluation of the effect of the provided training in delivery preparation classes on awareness and attitude of pregnant mothers toward delivery type in Razi Hospital of Saravan, Revista Latinoamericana de Hipertensión. Vol. 13 - Nº 6, 2018, http://saber.ucv.ve/ojs/index.php/rev_lh/article/view/15949.
- Gahramani, A (2001). Students' knowledge on drugs and prevention methods
- Griffin, K. W., Botvin, G. J., Doyle, M. M., Diaz, T., & Epstein, J. A. (1999). A six-year follow-up study of determinants of heavy cigarette smoking among high-school seniors. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 22(3), pp 271-284. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018772524258 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018772524258
- ¬Hawkins JD, Catalano RF, Miller JY. Risk and protective factors for alcohol and other drug problems in adolescence and early adulthood: Implications for substance abuse prevention. Psychol Bull 1992; 112(1): 64-105. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.64
- Hawkins JD, Catalano RF, Miller JY. Risk and protective factors for alcohol and other drug problems in adolescence and early adulthood: Implications for substance abuse prevention. Psychol Bull 1992; 112(1): 64-105. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.64 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.64
- Henry LK. (2002). A latent class growth model of rural adolescent drinking: An examination of the antecedents to and young adult consequences of adolescent alcohol use trajectories. The Pennsylvania State University, 2002; pp 1-16.
- Heydari, Gh. Sharifi, H, Hosseini, M, Masjedi, MR (2004). Investigating the smoking status and its associated factors in high school students in Tehran in 2003. Issue 41. pp. 255-256
- Hill D, White V, Segan C. Prevalence of cigarette smoking among Australian secondary school students in 1993. Aust J Public Health 1995; 19(5): 445–9. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-6405.1995.tb00408.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-6405.1995.tb00408.x
- Patterson, F., Lerman, C., Kaufmann, V. G., Neuner, G. A., & Audrain-McGovern, J. (2004). Cigarette smoking practices among American college students: review and future directions. Journal of American College Health, 52(5), 203-212. https://doi.org/10.3200/JACH.52.5.203-212 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3200/JACH.52.5.203-212
- Schweizer, C. A., Roesch, S. C., Khoddam, R., Doran, N., & Myers, M. G. (2014). Examining the stability of young-adult alcohol and tobacco co-use: A latent transition analysis. Addiction Research & Theory, 22(4), 325-335. https://doi.org/10.3109/16066359.2013.856884 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3109/16066359.2013.856884
- Suldo, S. M., Mihalas, S., Powell, H., & French, R. (2008). Ecological predictors of substance use in middle school students. School Psychology Quarterly, 23(3), 373. https://doi.org/10.1037/1045-3830.23.3.373 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/1045-3830.23.3.373
- Piko, B. (2000). Perceived social support from parents and peers: Which is the stronger predictor of adolescent substance use?. Substance use & misuse, 35(4), 617-630. https://doi.org/10.3109/10826080009147475 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3109/10826080009147475
- Moore, M. J., & Chudley, E. (2005). Sport and physical activity participation and substance use among adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Health, 36(6), 486-493. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2004.02.031 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2004.02.031
References
Ajallooeian, E., Gorji, Y., & Niknejadi, F. (2015). Evaluate the Effectiveness of Social Skills Training through Group Therapy Play on Reducing Rational Aggression Boy Elementary School Student in Esfahan City. UCT Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Research, 3(1), 1-4.
Alwahdani, A. (2019). The Impact of Trust and Reciprocity on Knowledge Exchange: A Case Study in IT Outsourcing. Journal of Information Systems Engineering & Management, 4(1), em0084. https://doi.org/10.29333/jisem/5738 DOI: https://doi.org/10.29333/jisem/5738
Aziz H, Abdolghader F. Investigation of International Students Quality on Educational Services. Journal of Humanities Insights. 2018;02(03):118-23.
Botvin, G. J. (2000). Preventing drug abuse in schools: social and competence. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-4603(00)00119-2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-4603(00)00119-2
Botvin, G., Eng, A., & Williams, C. (1978). The ethnography of teenage cigarette smoking. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Public Health Association, Los Angeles
Ceisil U. E-Awareness of University Student through Smart Phones and Developing Social Networks. Journal of Humanities Insights. 2018;02(03):139-45.
Ellickson, P. L., Tucker, J. S., & Klein, D. J. (2001). High-risk behaviors associated with early smoking: results from a 5-year follow-up. Journal of Adolescent Health, 28(6), pp 465-473. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1054-139X(00)00202-0 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1054-139X(00)00202-0
Fahimeh Khorasani Baghini, mahboobeh khosravani, Azadeh Amiri, Evaluation of the effect of the provided training in delivery preparation classes on awareness and attitude of pregnant mothers toward delivery type in Razi Hospital of Saravan, Revista Latinoamericana de Hipertensión. Vol. 13 - Nº 6, 2018, http://saber.ucv.ve/ojs/index.php/rev_lh/article/view/15949.
Gahramani, A (2001). Students' knowledge on drugs and prevention methods
Griffin, K. W., Botvin, G. J., Doyle, M. M., Diaz, T., & Epstein, J. A. (1999). A six-year follow-up study of determinants of heavy cigarette smoking among high-school seniors. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 22(3), pp 271-284. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018772524258 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018772524258
¬Hawkins JD, Catalano RF, Miller JY. Risk and protective factors for alcohol and other drug problems in adolescence and early adulthood: Implications for substance abuse prevention. Psychol Bull 1992; 112(1): 64-105. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.64
Hawkins JD, Catalano RF, Miller JY. Risk and protective factors for alcohol and other drug problems in adolescence and early adulthood: Implications for substance abuse prevention. Psychol Bull 1992; 112(1): 64-105. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.64 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.64
Henry LK. (2002). A latent class growth model of rural adolescent drinking: An examination of the antecedents to and young adult consequences of adolescent alcohol use trajectories. The Pennsylvania State University, 2002; pp 1-16.
Heydari, Gh. Sharifi, H, Hosseini, M, Masjedi, MR (2004). Investigating the smoking status and its associated factors in high school students in Tehran in 2003. Issue 41. pp. 255-256
Hill D, White V, Segan C. Prevalence of cigarette smoking among Australian secondary school students in 1993. Aust J Public Health 1995; 19(5): 445–9. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-6405.1995.tb00408.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-6405.1995.tb00408.x
Patterson, F., Lerman, C., Kaufmann, V. G., Neuner, G. A., & Audrain-McGovern, J. (2004). Cigarette smoking practices among American college students: review and future directions. Journal of American College Health, 52(5), 203-212. https://doi.org/10.3200/JACH.52.5.203-212 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3200/JACH.52.5.203-212
Schweizer, C. A., Roesch, S. C., Khoddam, R., Doran, N., & Myers, M. G. (2014). Examining the stability of young-adult alcohol and tobacco co-use: A latent transition analysis. Addiction Research & Theory, 22(4), 325-335. https://doi.org/10.3109/16066359.2013.856884 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3109/16066359.2013.856884
Suldo, S. M., Mihalas, S., Powell, H., & French, R. (2008). Ecological predictors of substance use in middle school students. School Psychology Quarterly, 23(3), 373. https://doi.org/10.1037/1045-3830.23.3.373 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/1045-3830.23.3.373
Piko, B. (2000). Perceived social support from parents and peers: Which is the stronger predictor of adolescent substance use?. Substance use & misuse, 35(4), 617-630. https://doi.org/10.3109/10826080009147475 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3109/10826080009147475
Moore, M. J., & Chudley, E. (2005). Sport and physical activity participation and substance use among adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Health, 36(6), 486-493. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2004.02.031 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2004.02.031