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UNDERSTANDING OF SYARIAH PRACTITIONERS IN MALAYSIA ON DOCUMENT FORGERY
Corresponding Author(s) : Ahmad Syukran Baharuddin
Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews,
Vol. 7 No. 6 (2019): November
Abstract
Purpose of the study: This article focuses on a few issues namely the most common form of forgery that occurred especially in Syariah Court Islamic judicial institutions (or better known as Syariah courts) in Malaysia and the extent of respondents’ knowledge on the method used in verifying the authenticity of document that meets the Syariah requirement.
Methodology: Research information has been obtained through the quantitative method and from respondents consists of 78 lecturers of Syariah law and 103 practitioners who involve directly in the legislation of Syariah Court in Federal Territories (Putrajaya, Kuala Lumpur and Labuan), Selangor and Negeri Sembilan.
Main Findings: The result shows that the forms of forgery are changing in accordance with time and facilities. Based on the respondents’ perception, the most common form of document falsification is a forgery of a medical certificate and the least is a forgery of the grant of ownership (property/transportation). Besides, the knowledge of Syariah law practitioners on fraud in a document is at a moderate level.
Applications of this study: This study is significant to understand the issue of fraud in documents and eventually suggests the relevant ways to counter the matters in the future. The ability of Islamic judicial institutions to be adaptive for such challenges is essential to reduce the disorderly pile of cases involving fraud, especially in the Syariah courts.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The research found that it is crucial for the Syariah law practitioners to raise and upgrade their ability to deal with fraud cases in the document to increase the public confidence towards the Syariah judiciary.
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- Ahmad Ibrahim, I. (1928). Turuq al-Qadha' fii al-Syariah Islamiyyah. al-Qaherah: Matba'ah al-Salafiyyah.
- Ahmad Syukran, B. (2015). Fiqh Forensik: Metode Pembuktian Dengan Dokumen. Majalah Al-Ustaz, 44, 84-85.
- Ahmad Syukran, B. (2017). Fiqah Forensik: Jenayar Siber. In Majalah al-Ustaz. Kuala Lumpur: Telaga Biru Publications Sdn. Bhd.
- Ahmad Syukran, B. (2017). The Integration of Forensic Science Fundamentals and Al-Qarinah towards Achieving Maqasid al-Shari'ah. (Doctoral), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai.
- Arbouna, M. B. (1999). Islamic Law of Evidence: The Function of Official Documents in Evidence : a Comparative Study with Common Law: Syarikat Nurulhas.
- Al-'Abbudiyy. (1999). Syarh Ahkam Qanun al-Ithbat al-Madaniyy. Amman: Maktabah Dar al-Thaqafah.
- Al-Jamal, S. b. U. b. M. a.-U. (1996). Hasyiah al-Jamal 'ala Syarh Minhaj. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah.
- Al-Jauziyyah, I. Q. (2000). Jami' al-Fiqh. Al-Mansurah: Dar al-Wafa'.
- Al-JurjÄni, A. b. M. (1983). al-Ta'rÄ«fÄt. Beirut: DÄr al-Kutub al-'Ilmiyyah.
- Al-QarrÄfi, A. b. I. b. A. a.-R. S. a.-D. (1994). Al-DhakhÄ«rah. Beirut: Dar al-'Arab al-Islamiyy.
- Al-Razi, M. b. A. B. (1999). Mukhtar al-Sihhah (Y. S. Muhammad Ed.). Beirut: Maktabah al-'Asriyyah
- Al-Sattar, F. A. (1988). Syarh Qanun al-Uqubat. Qaherah: Dar al-Nahdhah al-Arabiyyah.
- Al-Syawaribiyy, A. H. (n. d.). Al-Tazwiir wa al-Tazyiif Madaniyyan wa Jina'iyyan fii Dhau' al-Fiqh wa al-Qadha'. Al-Iskandariyyah: Mansya'ah al-Ma'arif.
- Bourhan, S., & Mahmoud, H. (2010). Ahkam al-Jara'im al-Tazwiir fii al-Fiqh al-Islamiyy. An-Najah National University, Nablus.
- Hamzah, W. A. (2009). A First Look At The Malaysian Legal System. Selangor: Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd.
- Malaysia. 2017. Evidence Act 1950. (Act 56).
- Malaysia. 2018. Penal Code. (Act 574).
- Malaysia. 2005. Shariah Court (Federal Territories) Evidence Act 1997. (Act 561)
- Markus, S. (1981). Usul al-Ithbat wa Ijratuhu fii al-Madaniyyah fii al-Qanun al-Misriyy. Al-Qaherah: Alam al-Kitab.
- Mohamad Yunus, M. I. (2006). Kedudukan bahan bukti (exhibit) elektronik dan digital dalam keterangan: masalah dan cabaran masa kini. The Journal of the Malaysian Bar, 35(1), 1-14.
- Osborn, A. S. (1943). Questioned Document (Vol. 2nd Edition). New York. USA: Boyd Printing Co Albany.
- Said, J., Alam, M. M., Karim, Z. A., & Johari, R. J. (2018). Integrating religiosity into fraud triangle theory: findings on Malaysian police officers. Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice, 4(2), 111-123. https://doi.org/10.1108/JCRPP-09-2017-0027 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JCRPP-09-2017-0027
- Wan Ismail, W. A. F. (2011). Kaedah Pembuktian Melalui Kitabah Elektronik di Mahkamah Syariah. In Jurnal Hukum (Vol. 33(2)). Kuala Lumpur: Percetakan Nasional Berhad (PNMB).
- Wan Ismail, W. A. F., & Ramlee, H. Z. (2013). Keterangan Melalui KitÄbah: Menurut Fiqh dan Undang-Undang Semasa di Malaysia. Jurnal Undang-undang & Masyarakat (Journal of Law & Society), 17, 1-11.
- Wan Ismail, W. A. F., Abdullah, I. Z., Abd Murad, A. H., Che Amani, N., Abdul Mutalib, L., Hanafi, L. H., & Mohammad Khair, M. (2015). Bentuk-Bentuk Pemalsuan Dokumen Menurut Fiqh Dan Perundangan Islam Di Malaysia: Satu Analisa. The e-Journal of Sultan Alauddin Sulaiman Shah, 2(1).
References
Ahmad Ibrahim, I. (1928). Turuq al-Qadha' fii al-Syariah Islamiyyah. al-Qaherah: Matba'ah al-Salafiyyah.
Ahmad Syukran, B. (2015). Fiqh Forensik: Metode Pembuktian Dengan Dokumen. Majalah Al-Ustaz, 44, 84-85.
Ahmad Syukran, B. (2017). Fiqah Forensik: Jenayar Siber. In Majalah al-Ustaz. Kuala Lumpur: Telaga Biru Publications Sdn. Bhd.
Ahmad Syukran, B. (2017). The Integration of Forensic Science Fundamentals and Al-Qarinah towards Achieving Maqasid al-Shari'ah. (Doctoral), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai.
Arbouna, M. B. (1999). Islamic Law of Evidence: The Function of Official Documents in Evidence : a Comparative Study with Common Law: Syarikat Nurulhas.
Al-'Abbudiyy. (1999). Syarh Ahkam Qanun al-Ithbat al-Madaniyy. Amman: Maktabah Dar al-Thaqafah.
Al-Jamal, S. b. U. b. M. a.-U. (1996). Hasyiah al-Jamal 'ala Syarh Minhaj. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah.
Al-Jauziyyah, I. Q. (2000). Jami' al-Fiqh. Al-Mansurah: Dar al-Wafa'.
Al-JurjÄni, A. b. M. (1983). al-Ta'rÄ«fÄt. Beirut: DÄr al-Kutub al-'Ilmiyyah.
Al-QarrÄfi, A. b. I. b. A. a.-R. S. a.-D. (1994). Al-DhakhÄ«rah. Beirut: Dar al-'Arab al-Islamiyy.
Al-Razi, M. b. A. B. (1999). Mukhtar al-Sihhah (Y. S. Muhammad Ed.). Beirut: Maktabah al-'Asriyyah
Al-Sattar, F. A. (1988). Syarh Qanun al-Uqubat. Qaherah: Dar al-Nahdhah al-Arabiyyah.
Al-Syawaribiyy, A. H. (n. d.). Al-Tazwiir wa al-Tazyiif Madaniyyan wa Jina'iyyan fii Dhau' al-Fiqh wa al-Qadha'. Al-Iskandariyyah: Mansya'ah al-Ma'arif.
Bourhan, S., & Mahmoud, H. (2010). Ahkam al-Jara'im al-Tazwiir fii al-Fiqh al-Islamiyy. An-Najah National University, Nablus.
Hamzah, W. A. (2009). A First Look At The Malaysian Legal System. Selangor: Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd.
Malaysia. 2017. Evidence Act 1950. (Act 56).
Malaysia. 2018. Penal Code. (Act 574).
Malaysia. 2005. Shariah Court (Federal Territories) Evidence Act 1997. (Act 561)
Markus, S. (1981). Usul al-Ithbat wa Ijratuhu fii al-Madaniyyah fii al-Qanun al-Misriyy. Al-Qaherah: Alam al-Kitab.
Mohamad Yunus, M. I. (2006). Kedudukan bahan bukti (exhibit) elektronik dan digital dalam keterangan: masalah dan cabaran masa kini. The Journal of the Malaysian Bar, 35(1), 1-14.
Osborn, A. S. (1943). Questioned Document (Vol. 2nd Edition). New York. USA: Boyd Printing Co Albany.
Said, J., Alam, M. M., Karim, Z. A., & Johari, R. J. (2018). Integrating religiosity into fraud triangle theory: findings on Malaysian police officers. Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice, 4(2), 111-123. https://doi.org/10.1108/JCRPP-09-2017-0027 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JCRPP-09-2017-0027
Wan Ismail, W. A. F. (2011). Kaedah Pembuktian Melalui Kitabah Elektronik di Mahkamah Syariah. In Jurnal Hukum (Vol. 33(2)). Kuala Lumpur: Percetakan Nasional Berhad (PNMB).
Wan Ismail, W. A. F., & Ramlee, H. Z. (2013). Keterangan Melalui KitÄbah: Menurut Fiqh dan Undang-Undang Semasa di Malaysia. Jurnal Undang-undang & Masyarakat (Journal of Law & Society), 17, 1-11.
Wan Ismail, W. A. F., Abdullah, I. Z., Abd Murad, A. H., Che Amani, N., Abdul Mutalib, L., Hanafi, L. H., & Mohammad Khair, M. (2015). Bentuk-Bentuk Pemalsuan Dokumen Menurut Fiqh Dan Perundangan Islam Di Malaysia: Satu Analisa. The e-Journal of Sultan Alauddin Sulaiman Shah, 2(1).