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CORRELATION OF SOCIAL CAPITAL AND POVERTY FARMERS IN ACEH
Corresponding Author(s) : Cut Maya Aprita Sari
Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews,
Vol. 8 No. 1 (2020): January
Abstract
Purpose of the study: This study tried to examine the correlation between social capital and the poverty level of farmers in Aceh. It was linked to the uneven agricultural development of some rural areas in Aceh had caused the poverty rates in villages are higher than in the urban areas. Hence the social capital is important as other capitals in development and become the energies for the development and decreases the rate of poverty.
Methodology: This research used a quantitative method by distributing the questionnaire to 300 respondents in Aceh Tamiang, Pidie Jaya and Aceh Tengah, Indonesia. The data analyzed by using the Spearman correlation with the assistance of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences to determining the relationship between two variables; social capital and poverty in farmers.
Main Findings: This study found that there is a positive and significant correlation between social capital and the level of poverty. Famers who have a higher stock of social capital are found to be lower in the poverty rate.
Applications of this study: The finding of this study is useful for the government of the Aceh government to explore and strengthen farmers' social capital to empowering their economies. It would be relevant to decreasing the poverty rate according to farmers in Aceh.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The case of poverty in Aceh was widely explained by the numbers of the researcher. But there is no recent publication that has explained the relationship between poverty and social capital in Aceh. Therefore a strong level of social capital will be able to significantly reduce poverty in Aceh.
Keywords
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- Abd Rahim Md Nor. (2009). Statistical Methods in Research. Kuala Lumpur: Prentice-Hall.
- Amalia, AD. (2015). Social Capital and Poverty, Sosio Informa 1 (3): 310-323. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33007/inf.v1i3.166
- Arsyad, L. (2004). Ekonomi Pembangunan. Yogyakarta: STIE YKPN.
- Barrientos, A., Neff, D. (2011). Attitudes to Chronic Poverty in the Global Village. Social Indicators Research. 100 (1): 101-114. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-010-9606-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-010-9606-7
- Barrientos, Armando; Neff, Daniel. (2011). Attitudes to Chronic Poverty in the Global Village. GIGA Working Papers, No. 134, German Institute of Global and Area Studies (GIGA), Hamburg. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-010-9606-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-010-9606-7
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- Bjørnskov, C., Sønderskov, Kim., M. (2013). Is Social Capital a Good Concept? Social Indicators Research. 114 (3): 1225-1242. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-012-0199-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-012-0199-1
- BPS Aceh. (2018). Berita Resmi Statistik, Profil Kemiskinan dan Ketimpangan Pengeluaran Penduduk Aceh. Maret 2018 No. 31/07/Th.XXI, 16 Juli 2018.
- Budhi Cahyono. (2014). Peran Modal Sosial Dalam Peningkatan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Petani Tembakau Di Kabupaten Wonosobo. EKOBIS.Januari 2014. 5 (1): 2 1-16.
- Busra, Busra., Raja Masbar., Agussabti Agussabti., Muhammad Nasir. (2018). Does Government Responsibility and Social Capital Empower the Poor in Aceh, Indonesia? Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research. Volume 292. Pp.328-334.
- Busra., Raja Masbar., Agus Sabti., Muhamad Nasir. (2018a). Social Capital and Survival Strategies of the Poor in the Rural Community in Aceh, Indonesia. International Journal of Academic Research in Economics and Management Sciences, 8(4), 78–88.
- Bourdieu, P. (1983). Forms of Social Capital. In: Richards JC (ed) Handbook of Theory and Research for The Sociology of Education. Greenwood Press. New York.
- Bourdieu, P. (1985) The Social Space and the Genesis of Groups. Social Science Information 24, 195-220. https://doi.org/10.1177/053901885024002001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/053901885024002001
- Bowels. S., Gintis. H. (2002). Social Capital and Community Governance.The Economic Journal 112(483): 419–436. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0297.00077 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0297.00077
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- Cohen, S., Prusak. L. (2001), In Good Company: How Sosial Capital Makes Organization. Boston: Harvard Business School Press. https://doi.org/10.1145/358974.358979 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/358974.358979
- Coleman, J. (1999), Sosial Capital in the Creation of Human Capital. Cambridge Mass. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-7506-7222-1.50005-2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-7506-7222-1.50005-2
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- Fukuyama F. (1995). Trust: The Social Virtues and the Creation of Prosperity. The Free Press. New York.
- Gao, Y., Liu, B., Yu, L., Yang, H., Yin, S., (2019). Social Capital, Land Tenure and The Adoption of Green Control Techniques by Family Farms: Evidence from Shandong and Henan Provinces of China. Land Use Policy. Vol. 89, December 2019, Article Number 104250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104250 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104250
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References
Abd Rahim Md Nor. (2009). Statistical Methods in Research. Kuala Lumpur: Prentice-Hall.
Amalia, AD. (2015). Social Capital and Poverty, Sosio Informa 1 (3): 310-323. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33007/inf.v1i3.166
Arsyad, L. (2004). Ekonomi Pembangunan. Yogyakarta: STIE YKPN.
Barrientos, A., Neff, D. (2011). Attitudes to Chronic Poverty in the Global Village. Social Indicators Research. 100 (1): 101-114. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-010-9606-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-010-9606-7
Barrientos, Armando; Neff, Daniel. (2011). Attitudes to Chronic Poverty in the Global Village. GIGA Working Papers, No. 134, German Institute of Global and Area Studies (GIGA), Hamburg. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-010-9606-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-010-9606-7
Bellemare, C., Kroger, S. (2007). On Representative Social Capital. European Economic Review. Vol 51, Issue 1 January: 183-202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2006.03.006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2006.03.006
Bjørnskov, C., Sønderskov, Kim., M. (2013). Is Social Capital a Good Concept? Social Indicators Research. 114 (3): 1225-1242. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-012-0199-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-012-0199-1
BPS Aceh. (2018). Berita Resmi Statistik, Profil Kemiskinan dan Ketimpangan Pengeluaran Penduduk Aceh. Maret 2018 No. 31/07/Th.XXI, 16 Juli 2018.
Budhi Cahyono. (2014). Peran Modal Sosial Dalam Peningkatan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Petani Tembakau Di Kabupaten Wonosobo. EKOBIS.Januari 2014. 5 (1): 2 1-16.
Busra, Busra., Raja Masbar., Agussabti Agussabti., Muhammad Nasir. (2018). Does Government Responsibility and Social Capital Empower the Poor in Aceh, Indonesia? Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research. Volume 292. Pp.328-334.
Busra., Raja Masbar., Agus Sabti., Muhamad Nasir. (2018a). Social Capital and Survival Strategies of the Poor in the Rural Community in Aceh, Indonesia. International Journal of Academic Research in Economics and Management Sciences, 8(4), 78–88.
Bourdieu, P. (1983). Forms of Social Capital. In: Richards JC (ed) Handbook of Theory and Research for The Sociology of Education. Greenwood Press. New York.
Bourdieu, P. (1985) The Social Space and the Genesis of Groups. Social Science Information 24, 195-220. https://doi.org/10.1177/053901885024002001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/053901885024002001
Bowels. S., Gintis. H. (2002). Social Capital and Community Governance.The Economic Journal 112(483): 419–436. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0297.00077 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0297.00077
Cahyono, B., Adhiatma., A. (2012). Peran Modal Sosial Dalam Peningkatan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Petani Tembakau DiKabupaten Wonosobo. Proceedings of Conference in Business, Accounting and Management (CBAM) 1 (1): 131-144, December 2012.
Cohen, S., Prusak. L. (2001), In Good Company: How Sosial Capital Makes Organization. Boston: Harvard Business School Press. https://doi.org/10.1145/358974.358979 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/358974.358979
Coleman, J. (1999), Sosial Capital in the Creation of Human Capital. Cambridge Mass. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-7506-7222-1.50005-2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-7506-7222-1.50005-2
Cook, K. (2017). Social Capital: Theory and Research. New York: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315129457 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315129457
Dani, Subur. (2018). Ini Total Dana Otsus yang Telah Diterima Aceh Sejak Tahun 2008. https://aceh.tribunnews.com/2018/07/08/ini-total-dana-otsus-yang-telah-diterima-aceh-sejak-tahun-2008.
Dako, F.X., Purwanto, R.H., Faida, L.R.W., Sumardi. (2019). Community’s Social Capital in the Management of MutisTimau Protected Forest in Timor Island, Indonesia. Biodeversitas. 20 (8): 2177-2187. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d200811 DOI: https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d200811
Durlauf, SN., Fafchamps, M. (2004). Social Capital. NBER Working Paper Series 10485. https://doi.org/10.3386/w10485 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3386/w10485
Engbers, Trent A; Thompson, Michael F; Slaper, Timothy F. (2017). Theory and Measurement in Social Capital Research. Social Indicators Research. 132 (2): 537-558. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-016-1299-0 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-016-1299-0
Fatthaya. (2017). Modernisasi Pertanian Pada Petani Padi di Kecamatan Bandar Baru Kabupaten Pidie Jaya. Banda Aceh: Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Politik Universitas Syiah Kuala.
Fukuyama F. (1995). Trust: The Social Virtues and the Creation of Prosperity. The Free Press. New York.
Gao, Y., Liu, B., Yu, L., Yang, H., Yin, S., (2019). Social Capital, Land Tenure and The Adoption of Green Control Techniques by Family Farms: Evidence from Shandong and Henan Provinces of China. Land Use Policy. Vol. 89, December 2019, Article Number 104250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104250 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104250
Glaeser, EL., Laibson, D., Sacredote, B. (2002). An Economic Approach to Social Capital. The Economic Journal 112(483) F437-F458. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0297.00078 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0297.00078
Hartanto, M.S. (1999). Peran Etika Dalam Bisnis Yang Berbekal Modal Maya, Studio
Manajemen. Institut Teknologi Bandung.
Helliwell, John F., Huang, H., Wang, S. (2014). Social Capital and Well-Being in Times of Crisis. Journal of Happiness Studies. 15 (1): 145-162. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-013-9441-z DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-013-9441-z
Huraerah, A. (2013). Strategi Kebijakan Penanggulangan Kemiskinan di Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmu Kesejahteraan Sosial. Juni 2013. 12 (1): 3-13.
Kamarni, N. (2012) Analisis Modal Sosial Sebagai Salah Satu Upaya Dalam Pengentasan Kemiskinan (Studi Kasus: Rumah TanggaMiskin di Kecamatan Koto Tangah Kota Padang. Jurnal Manajemen dan kewirusahaan. September 2012. 3 (3): 36-52.
Kwadzo, Moses. (2010). Conceptualization and Measurement of Poverty: A Comparative Analysis. Dissertation. Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Pro Quest Dissertations Publishing.
Lesser, Eric. (2000). Knowledge and Social Capital. London: Routledge. https://doi.org/10. 4324/9780080509792
Nauman, W Laurence. (2007). Basics of Social Research Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches. United States of America: Pearson.
Nina, K., Budiman, R., Suryanto., Candradewini. (2019). An Analysis of Social Capital in Empowerment Community at Uninhabitable House’s Renovation Fund Onwest Bandung Regency. Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews 7 (3): 74-79. https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.7311 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.7311
Nirzalin.,Nulwita. (2017). Agricultural Productivity and Farmers Welfare Involution (Case Study in Meunasah Pinto Aceh Utara) Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan, Agustus. https://doi.org/10.22500/sodality.v5i2.17970 DOI: https://doi.org/10.22500/sodality.v5i2.17970
Noraida Haji Ali., M. Suriyani., Masita@Masila Abdul Jalil., Mustafa Man. (2019). A Framework for Development of Social Networking Site Skill among Rural Women Communities. Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews, 7 (5): 280-285. https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.7533. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.7533
Okezone. (2018). Dana Otsus Rp56 Triliun Lebih, Kemiskinan di Aceh Justru Meningkat. https://doi.org /10.18510/hssr.2019.7533
Pranaji. (2006). Penguatan Modal Sosial Untuk Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Pekabupatenan Dalam Pengelolaan Agroekosistem Lahan Kering. Jurnal Agro Ekonomi, Oktober 2006, 24 (2): 1-9.
Purwito Zanuar Rahmadi., Bambang Santoso. (2016). Modal Sosial Petani Sawah Berlahan Sempit Dalam Pemenuhan Nafkah Rumah Tangga, Jurnal Analisa Sosiologi April 2016, 5(1): 62-73. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20961/jas.v5i1.17986
Putnam, R. (1993). The Prosperous Community: Social Capital and Community Life. The American Prospect 13 (1), 35-42.
Putnam, R. (2000). Bowling Alone-The Collapse and Revival of American Community. Simon and Schuster: New York. https://doi.org/10.1145/358916.361990 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/358916.361990
Portes, A. (1998). Social Capital: Its origins and aplication in modern sociology. Annual Review of Sociology 24. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.24.1.1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.24.1.1
Pretty, J., Ward H. (2001). Social Capital And The Environment. World Development 29 (2): 209-227. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-750X(00)00098-X DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-750X(00)00098-X
RodrÃguez-pose, A., Von Berlepsch, V. (2014). Social Capital and Individual Happiness in Europe. Journal of Happiness Studies. 15 (2): 357-386. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-013-9426-y DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-013-9426-y
Sabatini, F. (2008). Social Capital and The Quality of Economic Development. Kyklos 61 (3): 466-499. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6435.2008.00413.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6435.2008.00413.x
Saputro, G.E. (2006). Modal Sosial dalam Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Hutan Pada Masyarakat Adat Kesepuhan Banten Kidul. Skripsi. Bogor : Institut Pertainan Bogor.
Serageldin. Ed. (2000). Social Capital: A Multi Faceted Perspective, 13-39. Washington, DC: TheWorld Bank.
Solow, R.M. (2000). "Notes on Social Capital and Economic Performance", in P. Dasgupta and I. Serageldin, eds., Social Capital: A Multifaceted Perspective. Washington, DC: World Bank.
Smart, A. (2008). Social Capital. Anthropologica. 50 (2): 409-416.
Stimson, R., Stough, R., Maria, S. (2009). Regional Economic Development: Analysis and Planning Srategy.
Sugiyono. (2013). Mixed Methods. Bandung: Alfabeta.
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