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ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE AS DETERMINANT OF EMPLOYEE-BASED ANTECEDENTS TO ORGANIZATIONAL CYNICISM
Corresponding Author(s) : Wisnu Prajogo
Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews,
Vol. 8 No. 1 (2020): January
Abstract
Purpose of study: Organizational cynicism happens when employees show their distrust in their organization. Most research about organizational cynicism focuses on the influence of organization cynicism to employee attitudinal outcomes (absenteeism, counterproductive work behaviour, etc) and performance outcomes. This research focuses on exploring the antecedents of organizational cynicism: organizational based antecedent and employee-based antecedents. Supportive organization culture is the organizational based antecedent that is predicted to influence employee affective response to organizational change and job satisfaction, and the subsequent effect to organizational cynicism.
Methodology: 221 teachers from several private and state-owned schools were chosen by the purposive sampling method that participated in this research. Hypotheses testing were conducted using structural equation modeling using the AMOS program to test the simultaneous relationship testing among variables.
Result: This research found several findings. First, a supportive organizational culture has a positive influence on job satisfaction. Second, supportive organization culture has a positive influence on employee affective response to organizational change. Third, employee affective response to organizational change has a negative influence on organizational cynicism. Fourth, contrary to hypotheses, job satisfaction has a positive influence on organizational cynicism.
Applications of this study: The practical implication of this research is each organization should create a supportive organizational culture since it has an indirect negative effect on organizational cynicism through employee affective response to organizational change.
Novelty/Originality of this study: Despite the importance of organizational cynicism, only a few researchers examined antecedents of organizational cynicism. This research will contribute to examining the influence of supportive organizational culture on job satisfaction and employee affective response to organizational change, and their effect on organizational cynicism.
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- Bartona, L. C., & Ambrosinib, V. (2013). The moderating effect of organizational change cynicism on middle manager strategy commitment. 24, 4, 25. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2012.697481 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2012.697481
- Bedeian, A. G. (2007). Even if the Tower Is “Ivory,†It Isn’t “White:†Understanding the Consequences of Faculty Cynicism. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 6(1), 9-32. https://doi.org/10.5465/amle.2007.24401700 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/amle.2007.24401700
- DeCelles, K. A., Tesluk, P. E., & Taxman, F. S. (2013). A Field Investigation of Multilevel Cynicism Toward Change. OrganizationScience, 24(1), 154-171. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.1110.0735 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.1110.0735
- Dhingra, R., & Punia, B. K. (2016). Impact of Organizational Culture on Employees’ Readiness to Change. Journal of Management Research, 16(3), 135-147.
- Diestel, S., Wegge, J., & Schmidt, K.-H. (2014). The Impact of Social Context on the Relationship Between Individual Job Satisfaction and Absenteeism: The Roles of Different Foci of Job Satisfaction and Work-Unit Absenteeism. Academy of Management Journal, 57(2), 353-382. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2010.1087 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2010.1087
- Guastello, S. J., Rieke, M. L., Guastello, D. D., & Billings, S. W. (1992). A Study of Cynicism, Personality, and Work Values. The Journal of Psychology, 126(1), 37-48. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.1992.10543339 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.1992.10543339
- Liu, D., Mitchell, T. R., Lee, T. W., Holtom, B. C., & Hinkin, T. R. (2012). When Employees Are Out of Step with Coworkers: How Job Satisfaction Trajectory and Dispersion Influence Individual- and Unit-Level Voluntary Turnover. Academy of Management Journal, 55(6), 1360-1380. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2010.0920 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2010.0920
- Morrison, J. M., Brown, C. J., & Smit, E. v. d. M. (2006). A supportive organisational culture for project management in matrix organisations: A theoretical perspective. South African Journal of Business Management, 37(4), 17. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v37i4.612 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v37i4.612
- Pomirleanua, N., & Mariadossb, B. J. (2015). The influence of organizational and functional support on the development of salesperson job satisfaction. Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 35(1), 33-50. https://doi.org/10.1080/08853134.2014.988716 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/08853134.2014.988716
- Reichers, A. E., Wanous, l. P., & Austin, l. T. (1997). Understanding and managing cynicism about organizational change. Academy of Management Executive, 11(1), 48-59. https://doi.org/10.5465/ame.1997.9707100659 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/ame.1997.9707100659
- Sheela, R. C., & Vohra, N. (2016). Relationship between perceptions of corporate social responsibility and organizational cynicism: the role of employee volunteering. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 27(13), 19. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2015.1072102 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2015.1072102
- Sok, J., Blomme, R., & Tromp, D. (2014). Positive and Negative Spillover from Work to Home: The Role of Organizational Culture and Supportive Arrangements. British Journal of Management, 25(3), 456-472. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8551.12058 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8551.12058
- Suvaci, B. (2018). The Impact of Organizational Culture on Employees’ Protean and Boundaryless Career Attitudes: An Empirical Study of the Banking Sector in Turkey. Journal of Business and Management, 24(1), 1-25.
- Wanous, J. P., Reichers, A. E., & Austin, J. T. (2016). Cynicism about Organizational Change. Group & Organization Management, 25(2), 132-153. https://doi.org/10.1177/1059601100252003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1059601100252003
- Weiss, H. M. (2002). Deconstructing job satisfaction Separating evaluations, beliefs and affective experiences. Human Resource Management Review, 12, 173-194. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1053-4822(02)00045-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1053-4822(02)00045-1
References
Bartona, L. C., & Ambrosinib, V. (2013). The moderating effect of organizational change cynicism on middle manager strategy commitment. 24, 4, 25. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2012.697481 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2012.697481
Bedeian, A. G. (2007). Even if the Tower Is “Ivory,†It Isn’t “White:†Understanding the Consequences of Faculty Cynicism. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 6(1), 9-32. https://doi.org/10.5465/amle.2007.24401700 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/amle.2007.24401700
DeCelles, K. A., Tesluk, P. E., & Taxman, F. S. (2013). A Field Investigation of Multilevel Cynicism Toward Change. OrganizationScience, 24(1), 154-171. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.1110.0735 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.1110.0735
Dhingra, R., & Punia, B. K. (2016). Impact of Organizational Culture on Employees’ Readiness to Change. Journal of Management Research, 16(3), 135-147.
Diestel, S., Wegge, J., & Schmidt, K.-H. (2014). The Impact of Social Context on the Relationship Between Individual Job Satisfaction and Absenteeism: The Roles of Different Foci of Job Satisfaction and Work-Unit Absenteeism. Academy of Management Journal, 57(2), 353-382. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2010.1087 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2010.1087
Guastello, S. J., Rieke, M. L., Guastello, D. D., & Billings, S. W. (1992). A Study of Cynicism, Personality, and Work Values. The Journal of Psychology, 126(1), 37-48. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.1992.10543339 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.1992.10543339
Liu, D., Mitchell, T. R., Lee, T. W., Holtom, B. C., & Hinkin, T. R. (2012). When Employees Are Out of Step with Coworkers: How Job Satisfaction Trajectory and Dispersion Influence Individual- and Unit-Level Voluntary Turnover. Academy of Management Journal, 55(6), 1360-1380. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2010.0920 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2010.0920
Morrison, J. M., Brown, C. J., & Smit, E. v. d. M. (2006). A supportive organisational culture for project management in matrix organisations: A theoretical perspective. South African Journal of Business Management, 37(4), 17. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v37i4.612 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v37i4.612
Pomirleanua, N., & Mariadossb, B. J. (2015). The influence of organizational and functional support on the development of salesperson job satisfaction. Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 35(1), 33-50. https://doi.org/10.1080/08853134.2014.988716 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/08853134.2014.988716
Reichers, A. E., Wanous, l. P., & Austin, l. T. (1997). Understanding and managing cynicism about organizational change. Academy of Management Executive, 11(1), 48-59. https://doi.org/10.5465/ame.1997.9707100659 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/ame.1997.9707100659
Sheela, R. C., & Vohra, N. (2016). Relationship between perceptions of corporate social responsibility and organizational cynicism: the role of employee volunteering. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 27(13), 19. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2015.1072102 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2015.1072102
Sok, J., Blomme, R., & Tromp, D. (2014). Positive and Negative Spillover from Work to Home: The Role of Organizational Culture and Supportive Arrangements. British Journal of Management, 25(3), 456-472. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8551.12058 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8551.12058
Suvaci, B. (2018). The Impact of Organizational Culture on Employees’ Protean and Boundaryless Career Attitudes: An Empirical Study of the Banking Sector in Turkey. Journal of Business and Management, 24(1), 1-25.
Wanous, J. P., Reichers, A. E., & Austin, J. T. (2016). Cynicism about Organizational Change. Group & Organization Management, 25(2), 132-153. https://doi.org/10.1177/1059601100252003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1059601100252003
Weiss, H. M. (2002). Deconstructing job satisfaction Separating evaluations, beliefs and affective experiences. Human Resource Management Review, 12, 173-194. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1053-4822(02)00045-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1053-4822(02)00045-1