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THE INFLUENCE OF POLITICAL AND SOCIAL TRUST ON PARTICIPATION OF PEOPLE IN POLITICS IN JAHROM CITY, IRAN
Corresponding Author(s) : Keramatollah Rasekh
Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews,
Vol. 8 No. 3 (2020): May
Abstract
Purpose of the study: The purpose of this study is to examine the implications of political and social trust for the political participation of people in Jahrom City, Iran. And also, this study tries to assess the effect of social media on people's trust, which can affect their political participation in the society of Iran.
Methodology: The researcher-made questionnaire was used by experts to determine its validity. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to evaluate its reliability for all variables. Regression coefficient, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for data analysis and hypotheses testing. The sample size was calculated by the Cochran formula, and 383 individuals were selected by using simple random multi-stage cluster sampling.
Main Findings: The regression results indicate that the generalized social and political trust could determine 9% and 11%, respectively of changes independent variable, which was the political participation of citizens in Jahrom City. The theoretical foundations of the research are based on the theories of Robert Putnam, Gabriel Mandel, Francis Fukuyama, Nicholas Luhmann, Jürgen Habermas, Martin Lipset, and Robert Dose.
Applications of this study: The present study is an applied study in terms of purpose, a practical-field study in terms of data collection, a large-scale study in terms of scale, and a short-term cross-sectional study in terms of time. The statistical population of this research comprises the holders of voting rights, those aged 18 years or more living in Jahrom city.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The contextual factors such as gender, marital status, income, job, and social class did not show a significant relationship with political participation, which may be due to the homogeneity of political behavior in cities due to the lack of individual characteristics and, consequently, the weakness of individualism in smaller social settings.
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- Panahi, M. H., Banifatemeh, S. (2015). Political culture and women's political participation, Journal of Social Sciences, Vol. 68, Issue 68.
- Putnam, R. (2001). Democracy and civil traditions, Translated by Mohammad Taghi Delfroz, Tehran, Salam Press Publication.
- Jafarinia, G. (2012). Investigation of socio-economic factors affecting the political participation of citizens of Khormoj. Journal of Political Science, 7(2), 122-87.
- Darani, K., Rashidi, Z. (2008). Investigating the definitions of concepts and how to create social capital (with emphasis on social trust), Journal of Cultural Engineering, Third Year, Pp. 43-50.
- Rasekh, K. (2018). Reflective traditionalism, Foundations of Iranian political sociology, Tehran, Agah Pub.
- Rash, M. (2012). Society and politics, introduction to political sociology, translated by Manouchehr Sabouri, Tehran, Aram Pub.
- Rahimzadeh Ghazani, F. (2016). The role of social capital in political participation, First International Comprehensive Congress of Iranian Political Science, Datis Graph Development Institute.
- Khavari, S. A., Arasteh, H., & Jafari, P. (2016). Assessing the Level Organizational Universities Agility; Case Study of Islamic Azad University in Mazandaran. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 7(3 S2), 112.
- Sheikh Mohammadi, A. (2017). Investigating the role of social capital in political participation in Iran, Second International Conference on New Horizons in Humanities and Management, Tehran, New Horizons of Science and Technology Association.
- Sheikh Noori, M. A., Alizadeh Birjandi, Z. (2009). The crisis of legitimacy of the Nasserian government and its impact on Nasser al-Din Shah's attitude to modernist reforms, Islamic and Iranian History (Humanities), 19 (1 (75)), Pp. 49- 76.
- Sedighi, B., Malek Mina, L., Ojaghi Ozbari, M. (2011). Study of the impact of social trust on political participation (MA Students of Roudehen Azad University, Journal of Social Research, Issue 11, summer.
- Abaee, M. (2016). The role of political parties in institutionalizing political participation in society to gain power, Tehran: Ninth Congress of Pioneers of Progress.
- Abdollahian, H., Kermani, H. (2015).Explaining the relationship of Iranian users of Facebook with political participation in real world, Social Studies and Research in Iran, Vol. IV, winter 2015, Issue 4 (16 consecutive).
- Ghafari Hashjin, Z., Beiginia, A., Tasmim Ghatee, A. (2010). Factors affecting political participation of students of political and technical sciences of Tehran University, Political Science, Vol. 6, Issue 2, Successive 12.
- Conge, P. J. (1988). The concept of political participation: Toward a definition. https://doi.org/10.2307/421669 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/421669
- Giddens, A. (2013). Modernity and Individuality: Society and Personal Identity in a New Age.
- Dose, R., & Lipset, S. M. (1994). Political Sociology, Translation: Mohammad Hossein Farjad.
- Nazari, M., Ali Hosseini, A., Imam Jomezadeh, S. J., Pour Ranjbar, M. (2016). Investigating the relationship between sociability and political participation of women, Journal of Women: spring and summer, Vol. 5, Issue 1, Pp. 161-185.
- Nikpour Ghanavati, L., Moini, M., Ahmadi, H. (2012). Investigation of socio-economic factors related to political participation, Sociology of Women (Woman and Society), Issue 3, spring. Pp. 39-61.
- Huntington, S. (2002). The third wave of democracy at the end of the twentieth century, translated by Ahmad Shohsa. Tehran, Daily Pub.
- Barkan, S. E. (1998). Race, issue engagement, and political participation: Evidence from the 1987 general social survey. Race and Society, 1(1), 63-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1090-9524(99)80186-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1090-9524(99)80186-7
- Hays, R. A. (2015). Neighborhood networks, social capital, and political participation: The relationships revisited. Journal of Urban Affairs, 37(2), 122-143. https://doi.org/10.1111/juaf.12137 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/juaf.12137
- Hoffman, A. and Dowd, R. (2014). Religion Gender and Political Participation in Africa Lessons from Nigeria Senegal and Uganda De: Lessons from Nigeria, Senegal and Uganda, Department of Political Science, University of Notre Dame.
- Nygård, M., Nyqvist, F., Steenbeek, W., & Jakobsson, G. (2015). Does social capital enhance political participation of older adults? A multi-level analysis of older Finns and Swedes. Journal of International and Comparative Social Policy, 31(3), 234-254. https://doi.org/10.1080/21699763.2015.1069207 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/21699763.2015.1069207
- Seligman, A. B. (2000). The problem of trust. Princeton University Press.
- Teorell, J. (2003). Linking social capital to political Participation: Voluntary associations and networks of recruitment in Sweden 1. Scandinavian Political Studies, 26(1), 49-66. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9477.00079 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9477.00079
- Gross, K., Aday, S., & Brewer, P. R. (2004). A panel study of media effects on political and social trust after September 11, 2001. Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics, 9(4), 49-73. https://doi.org/10.1177/1081180X04269138 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1081180X04269138
- Schmitt-Beck, R., & Wolsing, A. (2010). European TV environments and citizens' social trust: Evidence from multilevel analyses. Communications, 35(4), 461-483. https://doi.org/10.1515/comm.2010.024 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/comm.2010.024
- Ashrafi, E., Montazeri, A., Mousavi, M., Vaez-Mahdavi, M. R., & Asadi-Lari, M. (2012). Influence of sociodemographic features and general health on social capital: Findings from a large population-based survey in Tehran, Iran (Urban-HEART). Public health, 126(9), 796-803. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2012.06.013 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2012.06.013
- Moy, P., & Scheufele, D. A. (2000). Media effects on political and social trust. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 77(4), 744-759. https://doi.org/10.1177/107769900007700403 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/107769900007700403
References
Panahi, M. H., Banifatemeh, S. (2015). Political culture and women's political participation, Journal of Social Sciences, Vol. 68, Issue 68.
Putnam, R. (2001). Democracy and civil traditions, Translated by Mohammad Taghi Delfroz, Tehran, Salam Press Publication.
Jafarinia, G. (2012). Investigation of socio-economic factors affecting the political participation of citizens of Khormoj. Journal of Political Science, 7(2), 122-87.
Darani, K., Rashidi, Z. (2008). Investigating the definitions of concepts and how to create social capital (with emphasis on social trust), Journal of Cultural Engineering, Third Year, Pp. 43-50.
Rasekh, K. (2018). Reflective traditionalism, Foundations of Iranian political sociology, Tehran, Agah Pub.
Rash, M. (2012). Society and politics, introduction to political sociology, translated by Manouchehr Sabouri, Tehran, Aram Pub.
Rahimzadeh Ghazani, F. (2016). The role of social capital in political participation, First International Comprehensive Congress of Iranian Political Science, Datis Graph Development Institute.
Khavari, S. A., Arasteh, H., & Jafari, P. (2016). Assessing the Level Organizational Universities Agility; Case Study of Islamic Azad University in Mazandaran. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 7(3 S2), 112.
Sheikh Mohammadi, A. (2017). Investigating the role of social capital in political participation in Iran, Second International Conference on New Horizons in Humanities and Management, Tehran, New Horizons of Science and Technology Association.
Sheikh Noori, M. A., Alizadeh Birjandi, Z. (2009). The crisis of legitimacy of the Nasserian government and its impact on Nasser al-Din Shah's attitude to modernist reforms, Islamic and Iranian History (Humanities), 19 (1 (75)), Pp. 49- 76.
Sedighi, B., Malek Mina, L., Ojaghi Ozbari, M. (2011). Study of the impact of social trust on political participation (MA Students of Roudehen Azad University, Journal of Social Research, Issue 11, summer.
Abaee, M. (2016). The role of political parties in institutionalizing political participation in society to gain power, Tehran: Ninth Congress of Pioneers of Progress.
Abdollahian, H., Kermani, H. (2015).Explaining the relationship of Iranian users of Facebook with political participation in real world, Social Studies and Research in Iran, Vol. IV, winter 2015, Issue 4 (16 consecutive).
Ghafari Hashjin, Z., Beiginia, A., Tasmim Ghatee, A. (2010). Factors affecting political participation of students of political and technical sciences of Tehran University, Political Science, Vol. 6, Issue 2, Successive 12.
Conge, P. J. (1988). The concept of political participation: Toward a definition. https://doi.org/10.2307/421669 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/421669
Giddens, A. (2013). Modernity and Individuality: Society and Personal Identity in a New Age.
Dose, R., & Lipset, S. M. (1994). Political Sociology, Translation: Mohammad Hossein Farjad.
Nazari, M., Ali Hosseini, A., Imam Jomezadeh, S. J., Pour Ranjbar, M. (2016). Investigating the relationship between sociability and political participation of women, Journal of Women: spring and summer, Vol. 5, Issue 1, Pp. 161-185.
Nikpour Ghanavati, L., Moini, M., Ahmadi, H. (2012). Investigation of socio-economic factors related to political participation, Sociology of Women (Woman and Society), Issue 3, spring. Pp. 39-61.
Huntington, S. (2002). The third wave of democracy at the end of the twentieth century, translated by Ahmad Shohsa. Tehran, Daily Pub.
Barkan, S. E. (1998). Race, issue engagement, and political participation: Evidence from the 1987 general social survey. Race and Society, 1(1), 63-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1090-9524(99)80186-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1090-9524(99)80186-7
Hays, R. A. (2015). Neighborhood networks, social capital, and political participation: The relationships revisited. Journal of Urban Affairs, 37(2), 122-143. https://doi.org/10.1111/juaf.12137 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/juaf.12137
Hoffman, A. and Dowd, R. (2014). Religion Gender and Political Participation in Africa Lessons from Nigeria Senegal and Uganda De: Lessons from Nigeria, Senegal and Uganda, Department of Political Science, University of Notre Dame.
Nygård, M., Nyqvist, F., Steenbeek, W., & Jakobsson, G. (2015). Does social capital enhance political participation of older adults? A multi-level analysis of older Finns and Swedes. Journal of International and Comparative Social Policy, 31(3), 234-254. https://doi.org/10.1080/21699763.2015.1069207 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/21699763.2015.1069207
Seligman, A. B. (2000). The problem of trust. Princeton University Press.
Teorell, J. (2003). Linking social capital to political Participation: Voluntary associations and networks of recruitment in Sweden 1. Scandinavian Political Studies, 26(1), 49-66. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9477.00079 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9477.00079
Gross, K., Aday, S., & Brewer, P. R. (2004). A panel study of media effects on political and social trust after September 11, 2001. Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics, 9(4), 49-73. https://doi.org/10.1177/1081180X04269138 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1081180X04269138
Schmitt-Beck, R., & Wolsing, A. (2010). European TV environments and citizens' social trust: Evidence from multilevel analyses. Communications, 35(4), 461-483. https://doi.org/10.1515/comm.2010.024 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/comm.2010.024
Ashrafi, E., Montazeri, A., Mousavi, M., Vaez-Mahdavi, M. R., & Asadi-Lari, M. (2012). Influence of sociodemographic features and general health on social capital: Findings from a large population-based survey in Tehran, Iran (Urban-HEART). Public health, 126(9), 796-803. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2012.06.013 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2012.06.013
Moy, P., & Scheufele, D. A. (2000). Media effects on political and social trust. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 77(4), 744-759. https://doi.org/10.1177/107769900007700403 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/107769900007700403