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TEACHER CANDIDATE’S GENERIC SCIENCE SKILLS ON ORGANIC CHEMISTRY REACTIONS THROUGH PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING MODEL
Corresponding Author(s) : Ratu Evina Dibyantini
Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews,
Vol. 8 No. 3 (2020): May
Abstract
Purpose of the study: This study was aimed at obtaining information about teacher candidates’ generic science skills on organic chemistry reaction, namely addition, substitution, and elimination.
Methodology: This study was one group pretest-postest design with the quasi-experimental method. The subject was done to teacher candidate students which consist of the experimental group taught by using the problem-based learning model (PBL) and control group taught by using the direct instruction model. The data were obtained through generic science skills tests in the form of multiple choices test and calculated by using SPSS version 20 as well as the practicum observation results.
Main Findings: The result showed that generic science skills of an experimental class taught on addition and substitution material were at the high level and for elimination, the material was at the medium level, meanwhile for control class on addition and substitution material were at medium level and for elimination, the material was at a low level. The results of the logical inference practicum were at the high category. The practicum result of direct observation was at a high level.
Applications of this study: The findings of this study are expected to give contribution to the organic chemistry learning model in order to develop students' generic science skills to improve the quality of the chemistry education students.
Novelty/Originality of this study: This study is recommended to improve students' generic science skills on addition, substitution, and elimination materials by using the PBL model in the classroom or laboratory in the future.
Keywords
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- Abubakar, A. B., & Arshad, M. Y. (2015). Self-Directed Learning and Skills of Problem-Based Learning : A Case of Nigerian Secondary Schools Chemistry Students. International Education Studies, 8(12), 70–78. https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v8n12p70 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v8n12p70
- Arends, R. (2012). Learning to Teach (9th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
- Brotosiswoyo, B.S. (2000). Hakekat Pembelajaran Fisika di Perguruan Tinggi. Dalam Hakekat Pembelajaran MIPA & Kiat Pembelajaran Fisika di Perguruan Tinggi. Disusun oleh Tim Penulis Pekerti Bidang MIPA. Depdiknas, Proyek Pengembangan Universitas Terbuka Jakarta.
- Cameron, C., Brimble, M., Knutsen, J., & Freudenberg, B. (2014). The What, Why and How of Generic Skills : A Financial Planning Case Study. Journal of Australasian Accounting, Business and Finance, 8(4), 63–82. https://doi.org/10.14453/aabfj.v8i4.5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.14453/aabfj.v8i4.5
- Costantino, L., & Barlocco, D. (2019). Teaching an Undergraduate Organic Chemistry Laboratory Course with a Tailored Problem-Based Learning Approach. Journal of Chemical Education. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.8b01027 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.8b01027
- Cropanzano, R., & Mitchell, M. S. (2014). Social Exchange Theory : An Interdisciplinary Review Social Exchange Theory : An Interdisciplinary Review, Journal Of Management (April). https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206305279602 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206305279602
- Fessenden & Fessenden alih bahasa Aloysius Hadyana P.,(1982), Kimia Organik,edisi ke-3, Erlangga, Jakarta.
- Flynn, A. B., & Biggs, R. (2012). The Development and Implementation of a Problem-Based Learning Format in a Fourth-Year Undergraduate Synthetic Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory Course. Journal of Chemical Education, 52–57. https://doi.org/10.1021/ed101041n DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/ed101041n
- Gao, S., Wang, Y., Jiang, B., & Fu, Y. (2018). Application of problem-based learning in instrumental analysis teaching at Northeast Agricultural University. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-018-1025-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-018-1025-7
- Jackson, D. (2013) The contribution of work-integrated learning to undergraduate employability skill outcomes. Asia-Pacific Journal of Cooperative Education.
- Jamiat, N. (2018). The Design of Problem Based Learning and Effects on College Students ’ Critical Thinking : A Preliminary Review. ICEEL, 176–180. https://doi.org/10.1145/3291078.3291081 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/3291078.3291081
- Jansson, S., Andersson, P. L., & Nording, M. L. (2015). Implementation of Problem-Based Learning in Environmental Chemistry. Journal of Chemical Education. https://doi.org/10.1021/ed500970y DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/ed500970y
- Khabibah, E. N. (2017). The Effectiveness of Module Based on Discovery Learning to Increase Generic Science Skills. Journal of Education and Learning. https://doi.org/10.11591/edulearn.v11i2.6076 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11591/edulearn.v11i2.6076
- Liliasari (2007).Scientific Concepts And Generic Science Skills Relationship in the 21st Century Science Education. Proceeding of The First International Seminar on Science Education Bandung: Indonesia University of Education (UPI).
- Meltzer, D. E. (2002). The relationship between mathematics preparation and conceptual learning gains in physics : A possible “‘ hidden variable ’†in diagnostic pretest scores, 1259–1268. https://doi.org/10.1119/1.1514215 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1119/1.1514215
- Moewarni, P., & et al. (2001). Kiat Pembelajaran Kimia di Perguruan tingggi.In T.P.MIPA, Hakikat Pembelajaran MIPA dan Kiat Pembelajaran Kimia di Perguruan tingggi. PAU-PPAT Dikti , Depdiknas.
- Nagarajan, S., & Overton, T. (2019). Promoting Systems Thinking Using Project- and Problem-Based Learning. Journal of Chemical Education. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.9b00358 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.9b00358
- Pujani, N. M. (2014). Perangkat, Pengembangan Ilmu, Praktikum Fisika, Jurusan Pendidikan Matematika, Fakultas Alam. Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia, 3(2), 471–484. https://doi.org/10.23887/jpi-undiksha.v3i2.4463 DOI: https://doi.org/10.23887/jpi-undiksha.v3i2.4463
- Riswiyanto(2009). Kimia Organik,Erlangga, Gelora Aksara Pratama.
- Rubiyanto, D., Anugrahwati, M., & Prakoso, N. I. (2018). Problem Based Learning ( PBL ) Method as a Synchronization Approach of Chromatography Course and Chromatography Laboratory Work. 2nd International Conference on Chemistry, Chemical Process and Engineering (IC3PE), 20090. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5065050 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5065050
- Sada, A., Mohd, Z. A. Y. (2016). Prospects of Problem-Based Learning in Building Critical Thinking Skills among Technical College Students in Nigeria. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 7(3), 356–365. https://doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2016.v7n3p356 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2016.v7n3p356
- Sadiah, Bahrom, and Balaachandran (2013). Problem Based Learning: A Process for the acquisition of learning and Generic skill, The4th International Research Symposium.
- Selcuk, Sezgin, G., Serap Çaliskan, M. S. (2013). A Comparison Of Achievement In Problem-Based, Strategic And Traditional Learning Classes In Physics. International Journal on New Trends in Education and Their Implications, (January), 154–164.
- Shultz, G. V, & Li, Y. (2016). Student Development of Information Literacy Skills during Problem- Based Organic Chemistry Laboratory Experiments. Journal of Chemical Education. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.5b00523 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.5b00523
- Silaban, R., 2018. Analisis Hasil Belajar Kimia Siswa yang dibelajarkan Menggunakan Model Problem Based Learning Bermedia PowerPoint Melalui Pendekatan Saintifik pada Pokok Bahasan Redoks.Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Indonesia.Vol 6,No.3,110-119. https://doi.org/10.31957/jipi.v6i3.608 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31957/jipi.v6i3.608
- Siswanto, J., Saefan, J., Suparmi, & Cari (2016). The Effectiveness Of E-Lab To Improve Generic Science Skills And Understanding The Concept Of Physics Keefektifan E-Lab Untuk Meningkatkan. Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika Indonesia, 12(1), 33–40.
- Solomon (1997). Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry.
- Strollo, C., Davis, K. L., & Avenue, E. C. (2017). Incorporating Problem-Based Learning ( PBL ) Into the Chemistry Curriculum : Two Practitioners’ Experiences. Journal of the American Chemical Society. https://doi.org/10.1021/bk-2017-1266.ch008 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/bk-2017-1266.ch008
- Sudarmin, & Haryani, S. (2015). The Ability of Generic Science at Observation and Inference Logic Prospective Chemistry Teacher in Organic Chemistry Experiment. International Journal of Science and Research, 4(5), 2975–2980. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v5i4.5961 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v5i4.5961
- Suyanti, R. D., & Sugiyarto, H. K. (2013). Keefektifan Praktikum Multimedia Ikatan Kimia Dalam Usaha Meningkatan Prestasi Belajar Kimia Mahasiswa. Cakrawala Pendidikan, (3), 461–469.
- Suyanti, R. D.(2017). Analisis Keterampilan Generik Kimia Melalui Penerapan Model Strategi Pembelajaran Peningkatan Kemampuan Berfikir (SPPKB) Dengan Media EXE Learning pada Redoks.Prosiding Seminar Nasional Kimia UNY 2017.
- Taber, K. S. (2016). Learning generic skills through chemistry education. Chem. Educ. Res. Pract., 17(2), 225–228. https://doi.org/10.1039/C6RP90003H DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/C6RP90003H
- Tasoglu, K. A., & Bakaç, M. (2014). The Effect of Problem Based Learning Approach on Conceptual Understanding in Teaching of Magnetism Topics. Eurasian J. Phys. & Chem. Edu, 6(September 2013), 110–122.
- Tawil, M., & Liliasari(2014).Keterampilan-keterampilan Sains dan Implementasinya Dalam Pembelajaran IPA.Makassar. Badan Penerbit Universitas Negeri Makasar.
- Urious, E. R. R. (2015). Generic Skills Development and learning/ Assessment Process : Use of Rubrics and Student Validation. Journal of Technology and Science Education, 5(2), 107–121. https://doi.org/10.3926/jotse.147 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3926/jotse.147
- Yoon, H. (2012). The Efficacy of Problem-based Learning in an Analytical Laboratory Course for Pre-service Chemistry Teachers. International Journal of Science Education, (September 2013), 37–41. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500693.2012.727041 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09500693.2012.727041
- Zakiyah, H. (2014). Implementasi Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah pada Materi Titrasi Asam Basa untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Generik Sains Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Kimia. Lantanida Journal, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.22373/lj.v2i1.668 DOI: https://doi.org/10.22373/lj.v2i1.668
References
Abubakar, A. B., & Arshad, M. Y. (2015). Self-Directed Learning and Skills of Problem-Based Learning : A Case of Nigerian Secondary Schools Chemistry Students. International Education Studies, 8(12), 70–78. https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v8n12p70 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v8n12p70
Arends, R. (2012). Learning to Teach (9th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Brotosiswoyo, B.S. (2000). Hakekat Pembelajaran Fisika di Perguruan Tinggi. Dalam Hakekat Pembelajaran MIPA & Kiat Pembelajaran Fisika di Perguruan Tinggi. Disusun oleh Tim Penulis Pekerti Bidang MIPA. Depdiknas, Proyek Pengembangan Universitas Terbuka Jakarta.
Cameron, C., Brimble, M., Knutsen, J., & Freudenberg, B. (2014). The What, Why and How of Generic Skills : A Financial Planning Case Study. Journal of Australasian Accounting, Business and Finance, 8(4), 63–82. https://doi.org/10.14453/aabfj.v8i4.5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.14453/aabfj.v8i4.5
Costantino, L., & Barlocco, D. (2019). Teaching an Undergraduate Organic Chemistry Laboratory Course with a Tailored Problem-Based Learning Approach. Journal of Chemical Education. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.8b01027 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.8b01027
Cropanzano, R., & Mitchell, M. S. (2014). Social Exchange Theory : An Interdisciplinary Review Social Exchange Theory : An Interdisciplinary Review, Journal Of Management (April). https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206305279602 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206305279602
Fessenden & Fessenden alih bahasa Aloysius Hadyana P.,(1982), Kimia Organik,edisi ke-3, Erlangga, Jakarta.
Flynn, A. B., & Biggs, R. (2012). The Development and Implementation of a Problem-Based Learning Format in a Fourth-Year Undergraduate Synthetic Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory Course. Journal of Chemical Education, 52–57. https://doi.org/10.1021/ed101041n DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/ed101041n
Gao, S., Wang, Y., Jiang, B., & Fu, Y. (2018). Application of problem-based learning in instrumental analysis teaching at Northeast Agricultural University. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-018-1025-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-018-1025-7
Jackson, D. (2013) The contribution of work-integrated learning to undergraduate employability skill outcomes. Asia-Pacific Journal of Cooperative Education.
Jamiat, N. (2018). The Design of Problem Based Learning and Effects on College Students ’ Critical Thinking : A Preliminary Review. ICEEL, 176–180. https://doi.org/10.1145/3291078.3291081 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/3291078.3291081
Jansson, S., Andersson, P. L., & Nording, M. L. (2015). Implementation of Problem-Based Learning in Environmental Chemistry. Journal of Chemical Education. https://doi.org/10.1021/ed500970y DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/ed500970y
Khabibah, E. N. (2017). The Effectiveness of Module Based on Discovery Learning to Increase Generic Science Skills. Journal of Education and Learning. https://doi.org/10.11591/edulearn.v11i2.6076 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11591/edulearn.v11i2.6076
Liliasari (2007).Scientific Concepts And Generic Science Skills Relationship in the 21st Century Science Education. Proceeding of The First International Seminar on Science Education Bandung: Indonesia University of Education (UPI).
Meltzer, D. E. (2002). The relationship between mathematics preparation and conceptual learning gains in physics : A possible “‘ hidden variable ’†in diagnostic pretest scores, 1259–1268. https://doi.org/10.1119/1.1514215 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1119/1.1514215
Moewarni, P., & et al. (2001). Kiat Pembelajaran Kimia di Perguruan tingggi.In T.P.MIPA, Hakikat Pembelajaran MIPA dan Kiat Pembelajaran Kimia di Perguruan tingggi. PAU-PPAT Dikti , Depdiknas.
Nagarajan, S., & Overton, T. (2019). Promoting Systems Thinking Using Project- and Problem-Based Learning. Journal of Chemical Education. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.9b00358 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.9b00358
Pujani, N. M. (2014). Perangkat, Pengembangan Ilmu, Praktikum Fisika, Jurusan Pendidikan Matematika, Fakultas Alam. Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia, 3(2), 471–484. https://doi.org/10.23887/jpi-undiksha.v3i2.4463 DOI: https://doi.org/10.23887/jpi-undiksha.v3i2.4463
Riswiyanto(2009). Kimia Organik,Erlangga, Gelora Aksara Pratama.
Rubiyanto, D., Anugrahwati, M., & Prakoso, N. I. (2018). Problem Based Learning ( PBL ) Method as a Synchronization Approach of Chromatography Course and Chromatography Laboratory Work. 2nd International Conference on Chemistry, Chemical Process and Engineering (IC3PE), 20090. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5065050 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5065050
Sada, A., Mohd, Z. A. Y. (2016). Prospects of Problem-Based Learning in Building Critical Thinking Skills among Technical College Students in Nigeria. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 7(3), 356–365. https://doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2016.v7n3p356 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2016.v7n3p356
Sadiah, Bahrom, and Balaachandran (2013). Problem Based Learning: A Process for the acquisition of learning and Generic skill, The4th International Research Symposium.
Selcuk, Sezgin, G., Serap Çaliskan, M. S. (2013). A Comparison Of Achievement In Problem-Based, Strategic And Traditional Learning Classes In Physics. International Journal on New Trends in Education and Their Implications, (January), 154–164.
Shultz, G. V, & Li, Y. (2016). Student Development of Information Literacy Skills during Problem- Based Organic Chemistry Laboratory Experiments. Journal of Chemical Education. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.5b00523 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.5b00523
Silaban, R., 2018. Analisis Hasil Belajar Kimia Siswa yang dibelajarkan Menggunakan Model Problem Based Learning Bermedia PowerPoint Melalui Pendekatan Saintifik pada Pokok Bahasan Redoks.Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Indonesia.Vol 6,No.3,110-119. https://doi.org/10.31957/jipi.v6i3.608 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31957/jipi.v6i3.608
Siswanto, J., Saefan, J., Suparmi, & Cari (2016). The Effectiveness Of E-Lab To Improve Generic Science Skills And Understanding The Concept Of Physics Keefektifan E-Lab Untuk Meningkatkan. Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika Indonesia, 12(1), 33–40.
Solomon (1997). Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry.
Strollo, C., Davis, K. L., & Avenue, E. C. (2017). Incorporating Problem-Based Learning ( PBL ) Into the Chemistry Curriculum : Two Practitioners’ Experiences. Journal of the American Chemical Society. https://doi.org/10.1021/bk-2017-1266.ch008 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/bk-2017-1266.ch008
Sudarmin, & Haryani, S. (2015). The Ability of Generic Science at Observation and Inference Logic Prospective Chemistry Teacher in Organic Chemistry Experiment. International Journal of Science and Research, 4(5), 2975–2980. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v5i4.5961 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v5i4.5961
Suyanti, R. D., & Sugiyarto, H. K. (2013). Keefektifan Praktikum Multimedia Ikatan Kimia Dalam Usaha Meningkatan Prestasi Belajar Kimia Mahasiswa. Cakrawala Pendidikan, (3), 461–469.
Suyanti, R. D.(2017). Analisis Keterampilan Generik Kimia Melalui Penerapan Model Strategi Pembelajaran Peningkatan Kemampuan Berfikir (SPPKB) Dengan Media EXE Learning pada Redoks.Prosiding Seminar Nasional Kimia UNY 2017.
Taber, K. S. (2016). Learning generic skills through chemistry education. Chem. Educ. Res. Pract., 17(2), 225–228. https://doi.org/10.1039/C6RP90003H DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/C6RP90003H
Tasoglu, K. A., & Bakaç, M. (2014). The Effect of Problem Based Learning Approach on Conceptual Understanding in Teaching of Magnetism Topics. Eurasian J. Phys. & Chem. Edu, 6(September 2013), 110–122.
Tawil, M., & Liliasari(2014).Keterampilan-keterampilan Sains dan Implementasinya Dalam Pembelajaran IPA.Makassar. Badan Penerbit Universitas Negeri Makasar.
Urious, E. R. R. (2015). Generic Skills Development and learning/ Assessment Process : Use of Rubrics and Student Validation. Journal of Technology and Science Education, 5(2), 107–121. https://doi.org/10.3926/jotse.147 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3926/jotse.147
Yoon, H. (2012). The Efficacy of Problem-based Learning in an Analytical Laboratory Course for Pre-service Chemistry Teachers. International Journal of Science Education, (September 2013), 37–41. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500693.2012.727041 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09500693.2012.727041
Zakiyah, H. (2014). Implementasi Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah pada Materi Titrasi Asam Basa untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Generik Sains Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Kimia. Lantanida Journal, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.22373/lj.v2i1.668 DOI: https://doi.org/10.22373/lj.v2i1.668