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MEDIATING EFFECTS OF ENGLISH PROFICIENCY ON THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN RELIGIOSITY COMMITMENT, STUDY HABITS, SELF-STUDY CONCEPT, AND PERCEIVED STRESS
Corresponding Author(s) : Mohd Aidil Riduan Awang Kader
Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews,
Vol. 8 No. 5 (2020): September
Abstract
Purpose of the study: The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between religiosity commitment, self-study concept, study habits, and English proficiency. Besides, this paper aims to investigate the way English proficiency mediates the relationship between religiosity commitment, self-study concept, and study habits with perceived stress, respectively, among undergraduates, enrolled in a Management course.
Methodology: A quantitative method was employed in this study involving 243 undergraduates of Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Pahang. The respondent selection method employed a simple random sampling technique. A questionnaire survey was designed based on previous literature. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 22.0 and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) using AMOS software were used to analyze and test all hypotheses developed.
Main Findings: This study found a significant relationship between religiosity commitment, study habits, and self-study concept with English proficiency. The results also demonstrated a positive and significant relationship between English proficiency and perceived stress. Furthermore, the results of this study revealed that English proficiency mediated the relationship between religiosity commitment, study habits, self-study concept, and perceived stress.
Applications of this study: This study is intended to provide insight for undergraduates to identify the critical factors that can contribute to their English proficiency. Furthermore, it can serve as a guideline and control mechanism for the university and lecturers to ensure the course will be delivered excellently, which will lead to an increase in English proficiency and reduce the stress level among university students.
Novelty/Originality of this study: Due to the lack of research considering English proficiency as a mediator, this study will bridge the gap by examining the mediating role of English proficiency on the relationship between religiosity commitment, study habits, self-study concept, and perceived stress.
Keywords
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- Abdel-Khalek, A.M. & Lester, D. (2017). The association between religiosity, generalized self-efficacy, mental health, and happiness in Arab college students, Personality and Individual Differences, 109, 12–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.12.010 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.12.010
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- Dhanalakshmi, K. & Murty, KVSN (2017). Relationship between study habits and academic stress of B.ed trainees. Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies, 6(28), 7851-7856.
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References
Abdel-Khalek, A.M. & Lester, D. (2017). The association between religiosity, generalized self-efficacy, mental health, and happiness in Arab college students, Personality and Individual Differences, 109, 12–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.12.010 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.12.010
Achour, M., Nor MRM, Amel, B., Seman, M., & Mohd Yusoff, M.Y.Z (2017). Religious commitment and its relation to happiness among Muslim students: the educational level as moderator. Journal of Religion and Health, 56(5), 1870-1889. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-017-0361-9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-017-0361-9
Afzal, N. (2019). A study on vocabulary-learning problems encountered by BA English majors at the university level of education. Arab World English Journal, 10(3), 81-98. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3465990 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3465990
Aini R.M., Muslem, A. & Usman, B. (2020). Lecturers’ strategies used in teaching English reading comprehension: a case at a private college in Aceh. Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews, 8(3), 20-30. https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2020.833 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2020.833
Al Nakhalah, A.M.M. (2016). Problems and difficulties of speaking that encounter English language students at Al Quds Open University. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention, 5(12), 96-101.
Alos S.B., Caranto, L.C., & David, J.S.T. (2015). Factors affecting the academic performance of the student nurses of BSU. International Journal of Nursing Science, 5(2), 60-65.
Amri, A., Aridah, & Paramalswari, W. (2019). Study habits and English learning achievement of vocational high school students in Samarinda. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 432, 47-51.
Bai, B., Shen, B., & Mei H. (2020). Hong Kong primary students’ self-regulated writing strategy use: Influences of gender, writing proï¬ciency, and grade level. Studies in Educational Evaluation, 65, 100839. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stueduc.2020.100839 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stueduc.2020.100839
Bai, J. (2016). Perceived support as a predictor of acculturative stress among international students in the United States. Journal of International Students, 6(1), 93-106. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32674/jis.v6i1.483
Bakar N.A., Ghani, E.K. & Majdi, S. (2017). Reasons to high-stress level among undergraduate accounting students: a case study. Saudi Journal of Business and Management Studies, 2(1), 4-11.
Carter, B.N. (2016). Association of religious commitment and perceived stress levels in college students. University Honors Program Theses. 183. https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/honors-theses/183
Dhanalakshmi, K. & Murty, KVSN (2017). Relationship between study habits and academic stress of B.ed trainees. Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies, 6(28), 7851-7856.
Dian, L. (2018). The use of gadget on students’ study habit in English language learning at SMA An-Najiyah Surabaya. A thesis. file:///C:/Users/User/Desktop/GJAT2020/SH%20and%20elc/Dian%20Lutfiani_NIM%2 0D75213054.pdf
Dzulkurnain, M.I., Sunardi, Siswandari, & Asrowi (2020). Designing English translation towards Indonesian moderate religious based school. Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews, 8(3), 302-309. https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2020.8332 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2020.8332
Ennsa A., Eldridge, G.D., Montgomery, C., & Gonzalez, V.M. (2018). Perceived stress, coping strategies, and emotional intelligence: A cross-sectional study of university students in helping disciplines. Nurse Education Today, 68, 226-231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2018.06.012 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2018.06.012
Fenton-Smith, B., Humphreys, P. & Walkinshaw, I. (2018). On evaluating the effectiveness of university-wide credit-bearing English language enhancement courses. Journal of English for Academic Purposes. 31, 72-83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeap.2017.12.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeap.2017.12.001
Forouhari, S., Teshnizi S.H., Ehrampoush, M.H., Mahmoodabad, S.S.M, Tabei, HFSZ, Nami M., … Kazemitabaee, M. (2019). Relationship between religious orientation, anxiety, and depression among college students: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Iran Journal of Public Health. 48(1), 43–52. https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v48i1.781 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v48i1.781
Horwitz, I.M., Domingue, B.W. & Harris, K.M. (2020). Not a family matter: The effects of religiosity on academic outcomes based on evidence from siblings. Social Science Research, 88-89 (2020) 102426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssresearch.2020.102426 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssresearch.2020.102426
Huh, K. (2015). A comparative study on learning stress and academic self-concept: a small town vs a metropolitan city. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 8(5), 69-75. https://doi.org/10.17485/ijst/2015/v8iS5/61617 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17485/ijst/2015/v8iS5/61617
Inayah, N., Yusuf, Q. & Fibula, N. (2020). Exploring undergraduate students’ perception toward the use of duo lingo in learning English. Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews, 8(3), 76-85. https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2020.839 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2020.839
Jafari, H, Aghaei, A. Khatony, A. (2019). Relationship between study habits and academic achievement in students of medical sciences in Kermanshah-Iran. Advances in Medical Education and Practice, 10, 637-643. https://doi.org/10.2147/AMEP.S208874 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/AMEP.S208874
Khodadady, E. & Saadi, NS (2015). Religious orientation and English language proficiency. International Journal of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, 5(1), 35-47.
Kim, T.Y. & Kim, T.K. (2014). A structural model for perceptual learning styles, the ideal L2 self, motivated behaviour, and English proficiency. System, 46, 14-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2014.07.007 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2014.07.007
Kumar, A., Ahsan, M., & Negi, M. (2017). A comparative study of proficiency in English and study habits of government and non-government school students. International Journal of Informative & Futuristic Research, 5(1), 8746-8770.
Luoch, T.O. (2014). The impact of remedial English on the improvement of English proficiency: The case of the United States International University-Africa. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 152, 1178-1188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.09.296 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.09.296
McGrath, L., Berggren, J. & Mezek, S. (2016). Reading EAP: Investigating high proficiency L2 university students’ strategy use through reading blogs. Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 22, 152-164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeap.2016.03.003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeap.2016.03.003
Miller, L., Wickramaratne, P., Gameroff, M. J., Sage, M., Tenke, C. E., & Weissman, M. M. (2012). Religiosity and major depression in adults at high risk: A ten-year prospective study. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 169(1), 89-94. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2011.10121823 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2011.10121823
Mofareh, A. A. (2019). Difficulties facing students in English language conversation. International Research in Higher Education, 4(3), 51-57. https://doi.org/10.5430/irhe.v4n3p51 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5430/irhe.v4n3p51
Moosavi, E. G. (2014). Validating a spiritual intelligence scale translated into Persian and exploring its relationship with grade three senior high school students’ English achievement (Unpublished master's thesis). Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran.
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Ndifon, R.A., Cornelius-Ukpepi, B.U. & Omoogu, A.C. (2014). The relationship between upper basic pupils’ study habits and their academic performance in the English language. British Journal of Education, Society & Behavioural Science, 4(12), 1676-1686. https://doi.org/10.9734/BJESBS/2014/4025 DOI: https://doi.org/10.9734/BJESBS/2014/4025
Rabea, R., Almahameed, N.A., Al-Nawafleh, A.H.& Obaidi, J. (2018). The English language challenges among students of Princess Aisha Bint Al-Hussein College of Nursing & Health Sciences at Al-Hussein Bin Talal University. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 9(4), 890-898. https://doi.org/10.17507/jltr.0904.19 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17507/jltr.0904.19
Ramlee, N., Osman, A., Salahudin, S.N., Yeng, S.K., Ling, S.C. & Safizal, M. (2016). The influence of religiosity, stress and job attitude towards organisational behavior: evidence from public universities in Malaysia. Procedia Economics and Finance, 35, 563 – 573. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(16)00069-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(16)00069-1
Rao, K.V. & Reddy, S.V. (2015). Effect of study habits, mental health and academic stress on academic achievement among teacher trainees. Indian Journal of Research, 4(6), 471-473.
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