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STRATEGIES BASED ON CHILD DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES TO PREVENT CHILD SEXUAL ABUSE
Corresponding Author(s) : Fety Khosianah
Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews,
Vol. 7 No. 3 (2019): May
Abstract
Purpose: Cases of child sexual abuse are becoming a serious social problem in Indonesia. The rising number of child sexual abuse cases from year to years are reported in various related institutions. It makes worried to the all of community because they can not keep an eye on their children for 24 hours.
Methodology: The design of this study is qualitative research with literature review and theoretical review in which will looking for the right strategies for preventing child sexual abuse base on child developmental stage theory.
Results: The results of research show that the place of child sexual abuse occurs not only in quiet places, even at home, as well as in the school where the child is studying .The gap between the child’s knowledge of how to protect themself from the threat of sexual abuse has led to the need to establish a program of preventing child sexual abuse and needs the right strategy for preventing child sexual abuse based on their developmental stages, so the cases of sexual abuse in children can be minimized.
Implication: One effective strategy to minimize cases of child sexual abuse is self-protection training program. This program lead to equip children with knowledge to identify patterns of sexual abuse and how to deal with them. This program also primarily aimed at every child who is vulnerable to becoming a victim of sexual abuse. That is why a special appropriate strategy for the prevention of child sexual abuse is required for children. In the future, every child will get information on the prevention of sexual abuse more accurately based on the their stage of development.
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Akbari, A., Abbasian, M., and Jansooz, P. (2013). Application of RAP Model in measuring the capabilities of attracting sources in the economy: A case study of the tourism sector in Sistan and Balucestan. UCT Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Research, 1(1):16–21.
Davison, G. (1993a). Abnormal Psychology 6th Edition. volume 78, New York. John Willey & Sons, Inc.
Davison, G. (1993b). Abnormal Psychology 6th Edition. volume 78, New York. John Willey & Sons, Inc.
Davison, G. (1993c). Abnormal Psychology 6th Edition. volume 90, New York. John Willey & Sons, Inc.
Davison, G. (1993d). Abnormal Psychology 6th Edition. volume 78, New York. John Willey & Sons, Inc.
Davison, G. (1993e). Abnormal Psychology 6th Edition. volume 75, New York. John Willey & Sons, Inc.
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Ferara, F. F. (2002c). Childhood Sexual Abuse: Developmental Effect Across the Lifespan. volume 65, Canada. Wadsworth Group. Brooks/Cole.
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Hartatik, R. (2000). Pengaruh Program Perlindungan Terhadap Kemampuan Menghindari Pelecahan Seksual Pada Remaja Putri Penderita Retardasi Mental Ringan. Skripsi: Tidak Diterbitkan. Jawa Timur, Surabaya.
Hurlock, E. B. (2002). Psikologi Perkembangan Suatu Pendekatan Sepanjang Rentang Kehidupan. In Edisi Kelima, volume 43, page 43, Jakarta. Penerbit Airlangga.
Iravani, M. R., Niknejadi, F., and Jahandoost, Z. (2015). The Relationship Between Age And Job Satisfaction Consultants Government Girls High School In Isfahan In 2012-2013 Academic Year. UCT Journal of Management and Accounting Studies.. Health, 70(22.65):24.
Khosianah, F. and Suminar, D. R. (2004). Pengaruh pelatihan perlindungan diri terhadap kemampuan menghindari child sexual abuse pada anak perempuan usia pra pubertas. In Insan, volume 6 of 2, pages 67–84, Surabaya. Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Airlangga.
Kliegman, R. M., Behrman, R. E., Jenson, H. B., and Stanton, B. F. N. (2007). Nelson Textbook Of Pediatrics. page 118, Philadelphia. Saunders Elsevier.
KPAI Komisi Perlindungan Anak Indonesia (2016, Maret 4). KPAI: Pelecehan Seksual pada Anak Meningkat 100%â€. Diakses tanggal 12 Juli 2017. http://www.kpai.go.id/berita/kpai-pelecehan-seksual-pada-anak-meningkat-100/.
Lobão, J. and Pereira, C. (2016). Looking for Psychological Barriers in nine European Stock Market Indices. Dutch Journal of Finance and Management, 1(1):39. https://doi.org/10.20897/lectito.201639.
Monks, F. J., Knoers, A. M., and Haditono, S. R. (2001). Psikologi Perkembangan; Pengantar dalam Berbagai Bagiannya. Yogyakarta. Gajah Mada University Press.
Nevid, J. S., Rathus, S. A., and Greene, B. (2005a). Psikologi Abnormal Edisi Ke-5, Jilid 2. page 65, Jakarta. Penerbit Airlangga.
Nevid, J. S., Rathus, S. A., and Greene, B. (2005b). Psikologi Abnormal Edisi Ke-5, Jilid 2. volume 64, Jakarta. Penerbit Airlangga.
Paramastri, I., Prawitasari, J. E., Prabandari, Y. S., and Ekowarni, E. (2011, Oktobera). Buklet sebagai media pencegahan terhadap kekerasan seksual pada anak-anak. Booklet as a preventive media of child sexua. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional, 6(2):77–84.
Pertiwi, E., Maemunah, N., and Yudiernawati, A. (2017a). Hubungan pengetahuan ibu terhadap sikap pencegahan sexual pada anak 3-6 tahun di desa Banjararum Mondoroko Utara Singosari Malang. Nursing News, 2(1):22–36.
Pertiwi, E., Maemunah, N., and Yudiernawati, A. (2017b). Hubungan pengetahuan ibu terhadap sikap pencegahan sexual pada anak 3-6 tahun di desa Banjararum Mondoroko Utara Singosari Malang. Nursing News, 2:22–36.
Sadovaya, V. V., Korshunova, O. V., and Nauruzbay, Z. Z. (2016). Personalized Education Strategies. International Electronic Journal of Mathematics Education, 11(1):199–209.
Santrock, J. W. (2012). Lifespan Developmment: Perkembangan Masa Hidup Edisi Ketigabelas Jilid 1. (alih bahasa). Jakarta. Penerbit Airlangga.
Stander, V., Olson, C. B., and Merril, L. L. (2002). Self-definition as a survivor of childhood sexual abuse among navy recruits. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 70:369–377.
Suyanto, B., Hariadi, S., Basuki, L., Nugroho, P., Mustain, Riadi, S., et al. (2000). Kekerasan Terhadap Anak. Surabaya, Indonesia. Luthfansa Mediatama.
Turner, J. S. (1990). LifeSpan Development 4th Edition. volume 67, page 67, Orlando. Holt, Rinehart and and Winston, Inc.
Van, D. C. (2001). Identifying Child Molesters: Preventing Child Sexual Abuse By Recognizing The Patterns Of The Offenders. page 56, New York. The Haworth Maltreatment and Trauma Press.
Wenar, C. Developmental psychopathology from infancy through adolescent. New York. Mc Graw-Hill, Inc. 82. Wenar, C. (1994). Developmental psychopathology from infancy through adolescent. New York. Mc Graw-Hill, Inc.
Zhatkin, D. (2018). Russian literary-critical reception of Burns at turning of the XIX–XX centuries. Opción, 34(85-2):277– 300.
References
Davison, G. (1993a). Abnormal Psychology 6th Edition. volume 78, New York. John Willey & Sons, Inc.
Davison, G. (1993b). Abnormal Psychology 6th Edition. volume 78, New York. John Willey & Sons, Inc.
Davison, G. (1993c). Abnormal Psychology 6th Edition. volume 90, New York. John Willey & Sons, Inc.
Davison, G. (1993d). Abnormal Psychology 6th Edition. volume 78, New York. John Willey & Sons, Inc.
Davison, G. (1993e). Abnormal Psychology 6th Edition. volume 75, New York. John Willey & Sons, Inc.
Erooga, M. and Masson, H. (2006). Children and Young People Who Sexually Abuse Other: Current Developments and Practice Responses 2nd Edition. page 23, New York. Routledge.
Ferara, F. F. (2002a). Childhood Sexual Abuse: Developmental Effect Across the Lifespan. volume 10, Canada. Wadsworth Group. Brooks/Cole. Brooks/Cole, 10.
Ferara, F. F. (2002b). Childhood Sexual Abuse: Developmental Effect Across the Lifespan. volume 12, Canada. Wadsworth Group. Brooks/Cole.
Ferara, F. F. (2002c). Childhood Sexual Abuse: Developmental Effect Across the Lifespan. volume 65, Canada. Wadsworth Group. Brooks/Cole.
Ferara, F. F. (2002d). Childhood Sexual Abuse: Developmental Effect Across the Lifespan. volume 25, Canada. Wadsworth Group. Brooks/Cole.
Hartatik, R. (2000). Pengaruh Program Perlindungan Terhadap Kemampuan Menghindari Pelecahan Seksual Pada Remaja Putri Penderita Retardasi Mental Ringan. Skripsi: Tidak Diterbitkan. Jawa Timur, Surabaya.
Hurlock, E. B. (2002). Psikologi Perkembangan Suatu Pendekatan Sepanjang Rentang Kehidupan. In Edisi Kelima, volume 43, page 43, Jakarta. Penerbit Airlangga.
Iravani, M. R., Niknejadi, F., and Jahandoost, Z. (2015). The Relationship Between Age And Job Satisfaction Consultants Government Girls High School In Isfahan In 2012-2013 Academic Year. UCT Journal of Management and Accounting Studies.. Health, 70(22.65):24.
Khosianah, F. and Suminar, D. R. (2004). Pengaruh pelatihan perlindungan diri terhadap kemampuan menghindari child sexual abuse pada anak perempuan usia pra pubertas. In Insan, volume 6 of 2, pages 67–84, Surabaya. Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Airlangga.
Kliegman, R. M., Behrman, R. E., Jenson, H. B., and Stanton, B. F. N. (2007). Nelson Textbook Of Pediatrics. page 118, Philadelphia. Saunders Elsevier.
KPAI Komisi Perlindungan Anak Indonesia (2016, Maret 4). KPAI: Pelecehan Seksual pada Anak Meningkat 100%â€. Diakses tanggal 12 Juli 2017. http://www.kpai.go.id/berita/kpai-pelecehan-seksual-pada-anak-meningkat-100/.
Lobão, J. and Pereira, C. (2016). Looking for Psychological Barriers in nine European Stock Market Indices. Dutch Journal of Finance and Management, 1(1):39. https://doi.org/10.20897/lectito.201639.
Monks, F. J., Knoers, A. M., and Haditono, S. R. (2001). Psikologi Perkembangan; Pengantar dalam Berbagai Bagiannya. Yogyakarta. Gajah Mada University Press.
Nevid, J. S., Rathus, S. A., and Greene, B. (2005a). Psikologi Abnormal Edisi Ke-5, Jilid 2. page 65, Jakarta. Penerbit Airlangga.
Nevid, J. S., Rathus, S. A., and Greene, B. (2005b). Psikologi Abnormal Edisi Ke-5, Jilid 2. volume 64, Jakarta. Penerbit Airlangga.
Paramastri, I., Prawitasari, J. E., Prabandari, Y. S., and Ekowarni, E. (2011, Oktobera). Buklet sebagai media pencegahan terhadap kekerasan seksual pada anak-anak. Booklet as a preventive media of child sexua. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional, 6(2):77–84.
Pertiwi, E., Maemunah, N., and Yudiernawati, A. (2017a). Hubungan pengetahuan ibu terhadap sikap pencegahan sexual pada anak 3-6 tahun di desa Banjararum Mondoroko Utara Singosari Malang. Nursing News, 2(1):22–36.
Pertiwi, E., Maemunah, N., and Yudiernawati, A. (2017b). Hubungan pengetahuan ibu terhadap sikap pencegahan sexual pada anak 3-6 tahun di desa Banjararum Mondoroko Utara Singosari Malang. Nursing News, 2:22–36.
Sadovaya, V. V., Korshunova, O. V., and Nauruzbay, Z. Z. (2016). Personalized Education Strategies. International Electronic Journal of Mathematics Education, 11(1):199–209.
Santrock, J. W. (2012). Lifespan Developmment: Perkembangan Masa Hidup Edisi Ketigabelas Jilid 1. (alih bahasa). Jakarta. Penerbit Airlangga.
Stander, V., Olson, C. B., and Merril, L. L. (2002). Self-definition as a survivor of childhood sexual abuse among navy recruits. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 70:369–377.
Suyanto, B., Hariadi, S., Basuki, L., Nugroho, P., Mustain, Riadi, S., et al. (2000). Kekerasan Terhadap Anak. Surabaya, Indonesia. Luthfansa Mediatama.
Turner, J. S. (1990). LifeSpan Development 4th Edition. volume 67, page 67, Orlando. Holt, Rinehart and and Winston, Inc.
Van, D. C. (2001). Identifying Child Molesters: Preventing Child Sexual Abuse By Recognizing The Patterns Of The Offenders. page 56, New York. The Haworth Maltreatment and Trauma Press.
Wenar, C. Developmental psychopathology from infancy through adolescent. New York. Mc Graw-Hill, Inc. 82. Wenar, C. (1994). Developmental psychopathology from infancy through adolescent. New York. Mc Graw-Hill, Inc.
Zhatkin, D. (2018). Russian literary-critical reception of Burns at turning of the XIX–XX centuries. Opción, 34(85-2):277– 300.