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ISLAMIC PARTIES BETWEEN PRAGMATISM VS. IDEOLOGICAL PRINCIPLE: THE CASE OF 2017 JAKARTA GUBERNATORIAL ELECTION
Corresponding Author(s) : Ari Ganjar Herdiansah
Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews,
Vol. 7 No. 4 (2019): July
Abstract
Purpose: This article seeks to analyze how Islamic parties act in the event of electoral competition filled by religious issues. On the other side, this article also tries to show the electoral impact of each Islamic parties’ decision on the candidates.
Methodology: The study conducted through the interview with several Islamic parties’ figures and examining the exit poll survey.
Result: The result reveals that even though there was a sensitive issue, the decision of Islamic parties was not solely stirred by the constituent expectation. Other factors such as elites and the organization’s interests were also influenced the decision-making process. However, the impact of its decision on electability indicates that religious issue was prominent, except for PAN. PKB and PPP that support Ahok-Djarot tend to have lessened rate, while PKS got higher electability. The case of Jakarta shows that the constituent principle or ideological is still significant if there are sensitive religious issues. In cases where religious issues have an outburst of support from the roots of the masses, Islamic parties are likely to benefit as long as there is a strong bond between the party's decision and its supporting root militancy.
Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students.
Novelty/Originality: The 2017 Jakarta gubernatorial election was highlighted by the issue of Islam blasphemy by Ahok, the powerful candidate. The issue became a national concern and invited thousands of protesters from various Islamic groups to Jakarta. Interestingly, not all Islamic parties against Ahok. In the final round, PKB and PPP chose to back Ahok-Djarot while PKS and PAN supported Anis-Sandi, a favorable candidate to them who feel disrupt by Ahok.
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- Lobão, J., & Pereira, C. (2016). Looking for Psychological Barriers in nine European Stock Market Indices. Dutch Journal of Finance and Management, 1(1), 39. https://doi.org/10.20897/lectito.201639 DOI: https://doi.org/10.20897/lectito.201639
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- Bakhshandeh, M., Sedrposhan, N., & Zarei, H. (2015). The Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Group Counseling to Reduce Anxiety, Marriage; Single People have to be Married in Esfahan City (2013-2014). UCT Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Research, 3(1), 10-13.
- Novikova, I. N., Popova, L. G., Shatilova, L. M., Biryukova, E. V., Guseva, A. E., & Khukhuni, G. T. (2018). Lexical and semantic representation of the linguistic and cultural concept “Rest†in the English, German, and Russian languages. Opción, 34(85-2), 237-256.
- Nisawa, Y. (2018). Applying van Hiele’s Levels to Basic Research on the Difficulty Factors behind Understanding Functions. International Electronic Journal of Mathematics Education, 13(2), 61-65. https://doi.org/10.12973/iejme/2696 DOI: https://doi.org/10.12973/iejme/2696
- Ubaid, A. H., & Habibisubandi, H. B. (2017). Political Polarization based on Religious Identities: Empirical Evidence from the 2017 Jakarta Gubernatorial Election. Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan, 8(4), 411-441. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18196/jgp.2017.0054.411-441
- Leiliyanti, E., & Diyantari, D. (2016). The Language of Religious Tolerance and Political Publicity Approaching the Gubernatorial Election of DKI Jakarta in the Social Media. Harmoni, 15(3), 7-19.
- Mietzner, M., & Muhtadi, B. (2018). Explaining the 2016 Islamist mobilisation in Indonesia: Religious intolerance, militant groups and the politics of accommodation. Asian Studies Review, 42(3), 479-497. https://doi.org/10.1080/10357823.2018.1473335 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10357823.2018.1473335
- Bourchier, D. M. (2019). Two Decades of Ideological Contestation in Indonesia: From Democratic Cosmopolitanism to Religious Nationalism. Journal of Contemporary Asia, 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1080/00472336.2019.1590620 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00472336.2019.1590620
- Savirani, A., & Aspinall, E. (2017). Adversarial linkages: The urban poor and electoral politics in Jakarta. Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs, 36(3), 3-34. https://doi.org/10.1177/186810341703600301 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/186810341703600301
- HERDIANSAH, A. G., & HUSIN, L. H. (2018). Religious Identity Politics on Social Media in Indonesia: A Discursive Analysis on Islamic Civil Societies. Jurnal Studi Pemerintahan, 9(2), 187-222. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18196/jgp.2018.0186.187-222
- Arenggoasih, W. (2018). Issues Management of Islamic Political Parties to Election Campaign in 2019. Sunan Kalijaga: International Journal of Islamic Civilization, 1(1), 107-138. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14421/skijic.v1i1.1282
- Sarhindi, I. L. (2017). Symbolic Violence in Indonesian Society: Does Islamic Radicalization Lead to Religious Intolerance. JSEAHR, 1, 56. https://doi.org/10.19184/jseahr.v1i1.5707 DOI: https://doi.org/10.19184/jseahr.v1i1.5707
- Sarhindi, I. L. (2017). Symbolic Violence in Indonesian Society: Does Islamic Radicalization Lead to Religious Intolerance. JSEAHR, 1, 56. https://doi.org/10.19184/jseahr.v1i1.5707 DOI: https://doi.org/10.19184/jseahr.v1i1.5707
- Al-Hamdi, R. (2017). Indonesian Political Ideology: Political Parties and Local Governance in Yogyakarta Municipality 1998–2015. Tectum Wissenschaftsverlag. https://doi.org/10.5771/9783828868847 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5771/9783828868847
- Aminuddin, M. F. (2017). The Purnawirawan and party development in post-authoritarian Indonesia, 1998–2014. Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs, 36(2), 3-30. https://doi.org/10.1177/186810341703600201 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/186810341703600201
- Rasyidin, S. Silent Power shifts the political hegemony in aceh: A Case from Regional Election (Pilkada) 2017 in Aceh.
- Darwin, R. L. (2018). After Shari ‘ah: Islamism and Electoral Dynamics at Local Level in Indonesia. Global Journal Al-Thaqafah, 8(2), 17-29.
- Power, T. P. (2018). Jokowi’s authoritarian turn and Indonesia’s democratic decline. Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies, 54(3), 307-338. https://doi.org/10.1080/00074918.2018.1549918 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00074918.2018.1549918
References
Lobão, J., & Pereira, C. (2016). Looking for Psychological Barriers in nine European Stock Market Indices. Dutch Journal of Finance and Management, 1(1), 39. https://doi.org/10.20897/lectito.201639 DOI: https://doi.org/10.20897/lectito.201639
Machado, A. D. B., Souza, M. J., & Catapan, A. H. (2019). Systematic Review: Intersection between Communication and Knowledge. Journal of Information Systems Engineering & Management, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.29333/jisem/5741 DOI: https://doi.org/10.29333/jisem/5741
Zare, Z. (2015). The benefits of e-business adoption: an empirical study of Iranian SMEs. UCT Journal of Management and Accounting Studies, 3(1), 6-11.
Bakhshandeh, M., Sedrposhan, N., & Zarei, H. (2015). The Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Group Counseling to Reduce Anxiety, Marriage; Single People have to be Married in Esfahan City (2013-2014). UCT Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Research, 3(1), 10-13.
Novikova, I. N., Popova, L. G., Shatilova, L. M., Biryukova, E. V., Guseva, A. E., & Khukhuni, G. T. (2018). Lexical and semantic representation of the linguistic and cultural concept “Rest†in the English, German, and Russian languages. Opción, 34(85-2), 237-256.
Nisawa, Y. (2018). Applying van Hiele’s Levels to Basic Research on the Difficulty Factors behind Understanding Functions. International Electronic Journal of Mathematics Education, 13(2), 61-65. https://doi.org/10.12973/iejme/2696 DOI: https://doi.org/10.12973/iejme/2696
Ubaid, A. H., & Habibisubandi, H. B. (2017). Political Polarization based on Religious Identities: Empirical Evidence from the 2017 Jakarta Gubernatorial Election. Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan, 8(4), 411-441. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18196/jgp.2017.0054.411-441
Leiliyanti, E., & Diyantari, D. (2016). The Language of Religious Tolerance and Political Publicity Approaching the Gubernatorial Election of DKI Jakarta in the Social Media. Harmoni, 15(3), 7-19.
Mietzner, M., & Muhtadi, B. (2018). Explaining the 2016 Islamist mobilisation in Indonesia: Religious intolerance, militant groups and the politics of accommodation. Asian Studies Review, 42(3), 479-497. https://doi.org/10.1080/10357823.2018.1473335 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10357823.2018.1473335
Bourchier, D. M. (2019). Two Decades of Ideological Contestation in Indonesia: From Democratic Cosmopolitanism to Religious Nationalism. Journal of Contemporary Asia, 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1080/00472336.2019.1590620 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00472336.2019.1590620
Savirani, A., & Aspinall, E. (2017). Adversarial linkages: The urban poor and electoral politics in Jakarta. Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs, 36(3), 3-34. https://doi.org/10.1177/186810341703600301 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/186810341703600301
HERDIANSAH, A. G., & HUSIN, L. H. (2018). Religious Identity Politics on Social Media in Indonesia: A Discursive Analysis on Islamic Civil Societies. Jurnal Studi Pemerintahan, 9(2), 187-222. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18196/jgp.2018.0186.187-222
Arenggoasih, W. (2018). Issues Management of Islamic Political Parties to Election Campaign in 2019. Sunan Kalijaga: International Journal of Islamic Civilization, 1(1), 107-138. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14421/skijic.v1i1.1282
Sarhindi, I. L. (2017). Symbolic Violence in Indonesian Society: Does Islamic Radicalization Lead to Religious Intolerance. JSEAHR, 1, 56. https://doi.org/10.19184/jseahr.v1i1.5707 DOI: https://doi.org/10.19184/jseahr.v1i1.5707
Sarhindi, I. L. (2017). Symbolic Violence in Indonesian Society: Does Islamic Radicalization Lead to Religious Intolerance. JSEAHR, 1, 56. https://doi.org/10.19184/jseahr.v1i1.5707 DOI: https://doi.org/10.19184/jseahr.v1i1.5707
Al-Hamdi, R. (2017). Indonesian Political Ideology: Political Parties and Local Governance in Yogyakarta Municipality 1998–2015. Tectum Wissenschaftsverlag. https://doi.org/10.5771/9783828868847 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5771/9783828868847
Aminuddin, M. F. (2017). The Purnawirawan and party development in post-authoritarian Indonesia, 1998–2014. Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs, 36(2), 3-30. https://doi.org/10.1177/186810341703600201 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/186810341703600201
Rasyidin, S. Silent Power shifts the political hegemony in aceh: A Case from Regional Election (Pilkada) 2017 in Aceh.
Darwin, R. L. (2018). After Shari ‘ah: Islamism and Electoral Dynamics at Local Level in Indonesia. Global Journal Al-Thaqafah, 8(2), 17-29.
Power, T. P. (2018). Jokowi’s authoritarian turn and Indonesia’s democratic decline. Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies, 54(3), 307-338. https://doi.org/10.1080/00074918.2018.1549918 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00074918.2018.1549918