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PRUNING OF SECTION 377, INDIAN PENAL CODE, 1860 AND CHANGED DYNAMICS OF MORALITY IN INDIAN SOCIETY
Corresponding Author(s) : Parul Yadav
Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews,
Vol. 7 No. 6 (2019): November
Abstract
Purpose: The research paper has been written in order to analyze the impact of reading down the notorious section of Indian Penal Code, 1860 which being Section 377 which penalized every sexual act other than a heterosexual union even if consensual in the judgment given by the Supreme Court of India in Navjot Singh v. Union of India on the society of India. This paper aims to see its impact on the morality of the Indian community on the known definitions and working of the morality in the social and the legal system.
Methodology: In this work classical method of research has been followed which being doctrinal research also, a comparative analysis between the legal text of Section 377 of Indian Penal Code, 1860 and the judgments announced by the Supreme court of India has been undertaken with the proportional qualitative analysis done with moral set up of Indian Society.
Main Findings: The analysis conducted on law and social structure of Indian Society by the researchers point out to the fact that after reading down of Section 377, the social set-up of India is resenting the recognition granted to third sex and gender because it disturbs its moral thread which has knitted the social structure known as of now and introduces a third angle in known concepts of sex and sexuality which till now have been relying on parallel tracks of male and female sex/gender.
Application: This research piece will aid students in understanding the concept of morality and will demonstrate its effect on the working of the Criminal system of a country. Moreover, it will also give support in understanding the role of biological sex and sexual preferences in shaping law as known today.
Novelty/Originality: This research is novel in its attempt of wherein morality has been traced in the criminal legal system of the country which is most prominent in issues related to the sex of the human body and its sexuality.
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- Navtej Singh Johar versus Union of India Writ Petition (Criminal) No. 76 OF 2016.
- Adv. S. Narrain Resource Document, http://opiniojuris.org/2018/11/06/from-naz-to-navtej-constitutionalism-and-the-decriminalization-of-homosexuality-in-india/[last accessed on 19 June 2019]
- Becker, (1974) A theory of allocation in marriage, Economics of family, T.W. Schlutz, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
- Nair G. R (Prof.), (2011) Gender Justice under Indian Criminal System, Kolkata: Eastern law house Pvt. Ltd.
- Childline India Foundation versus Allan John water Criminal Appeal Nos. 1208-1210 OF 2008.
- lawjournal.mcgill.ca [online] Resource Document, http://lawjournal.mcgill.ca/userfiles/other/8196126-caron.pdf [last accessed on 15 April 2019]
- Spear P., (1983), A history of India, England, Vol. 2: Penguin Books.
- Gurven M. and Hill K. (2009), Why Do Men Hunt?: A Reevaluation of “Man the Hunter†and the Sexual Division of Labor, Vol. 50, No. 1 pp. 51-74 : Current Anthropology. https://doi.org/10.1086/595620 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/595620
- Anderson K.L and Limberson D. (ed.), (2011), The Kaleidoscope of Gender, USA : Sage Publications.
- Ivekovic R. (2005), Captive Gender-Ethnic Stereotypes and cultural boundaries, New Delhi : Women Unlimited.
- McLaren P. (Oct./Nov., 1993 - Dec. 1993), Moral Panic, Schooling, and Gay Identity: Critical Pedagogy and the Politics of Resistance, Vol. 77, No. 1/2,pp. 157-168 : The High School Journal.
- Singh P.P, 377 Battle at journeys end, The Indian Express, 06/09/2018.
- Naaz Foundation Vs. Union of India 160 Delhi Law Times 277.
- NALSA versus Union of IndiaWrit Petition No. 400 of 2012 with Writ Petition No. 604 of 2013.
- Justice (Retd.)Puttaswamy versus Union of India Writ Petition(CIVIL) No 494 OF 2012.
- Chandra V. (2010), Gender Relations in Early India, India : Rawat Publications.
- Suresh Kumar kaushal versus Naz FoundationCivil Appeal No. 10972 OF 2013.
- Narain A and Bhan G. (eds.), Because I have a voice-Queer Politics in India (2005) New Delhi: Yoga Press.
- Johnson A.G , The Gendered Knot, unravelling our patriarchal Legacy (2007) India : Pearson Longman.
- Menon N. (ed.), Gender and politics in India (1999) India : Oxford University Press.
References
Navtej Singh Johar versus Union of India Writ Petition (Criminal) No. 76 OF 2016.
Adv. S. Narrain Resource Document, http://opiniojuris.org/2018/11/06/from-naz-to-navtej-constitutionalism-and-the-decriminalization-of-homosexuality-in-india/[last accessed on 19 June 2019]
Becker, (1974) A theory of allocation in marriage, Economics of family, T.W. Schlutz, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Nair G. R (Prof.), (2011) Gender Justice under Indian Criminal System, Kolkata: Eastern law house Pvt. Ltd.
Childline India Foundation versus Allan John water Criminal Appeal Nos. 1208-1210 OF 2008.
lawjournal.mcgill.ca [online] Resource Document, http://lawjournal.mcgill.ca/userfiles/other/8196126-caron.pdf [last accessed on 15 April 2019]
Spear P., (1983), A history of India, England, Vol. 2: Penguin Books.
Gurven M. and Hill K. (2009), Why Do Men Hunt?: A Reevaluation of “Man the Hunter†and the Sexual Division of Labor, Vol. 50, No. 1 pp. 51-74 : Current Anthropology. https://doi.org/10.1086/595620 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/595620
Anderson K.L and Limberson D. (ed.), (2011), The Kaleidoscope of Gender, USA : Sage Publications.
Ivekovic R. (2005), Captive Gender-Ethnic Stereotypes and cultural boundaries, New Delhi : Women Unlimited.
McLaren P. (Oct./Nov., 1993 - Dec. 1993), Moral Panic, Schooling, and Gay Identity: Critical Pedagogy and the Politics of Resistance, Vol. 77, No. 1/2,pp. 157-168 : The High School Journal.
Singh P.P, 377 Battle at journeys end, The Indian Express, 06/09/2018.
Naaz Foundation Vs. Union of India 160 Delhi Law Times 277.
NALSA versus Union of IndiaWrit Petition No. 400 of 2012 with Writ Petition No. 604 of 2013.
Justice (Retd.)Puttaswamy versus Union of India Writ Petition(CIVIL) No 494 OF 2012.
Chandra V. (2010), Gender Relations in Early India, India : Rawat Publications.
Suresh Kumar kaushal versus Naz FoundationCivil Appeal No. 10972 OF 2013.
Narain A and Bhan G. (eds.), Because I have a voice-Queer Politics in India (2005) New Delhi: Yoga Press.
Johnson A.G , The Gendered Knot, unravelling our patriarchal Legacy (2007) India : Pearson Longman.
Menon N. (ed.), Gender and politics in India (1999) India : Oxford University Press.