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ABOUT DYNAMICS OF THE GEOPOLITICAL POSITION OF THE NORTH-EAST OF RUSSIA IN THE 17-TH-21-ST CENTURIES
Corresponding Author(s) : Shvedov V. G.
Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews,
Vol. 7 No. 6 (2019): November
Abstract
Purpose: In the article, the changes in the geopolitical situation on the North-East for four preceding, partial centuries are considered.
Methodology: Up to the inclusion in the structure of Russia, this extensive region (2.3 million km2) with the considerable natural-resources potential has actually existed out of the world geopolitical processes, basically, because of the extremeness of the natural climatic conditions, remoteness from the centers of world civilization and limited technical and technological capabilities in those times.
Result: The different stages in the state of the geopolitical position of the region in prior centuries are identified and their repeatedly and multidirectional varying characteristics during the period in question are reported. It is also emphasized that the measures attempted by Russia for strengthening of the geopolitical position on the North-East gave rise abroad to the negative response consonant with the current ones practically at all considered stages. The current stage is considered as a period of the drastically varying external geopolitical conditions and increased technical capabilities when the geopolitical significance of the North-East for Russia increases by a factor of many times.
Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students.
Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of About Dynamics of the Geopolitical Position of the North-East of Russia in the 17-th-21-st Centuries is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.
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- Baklanov, P. Y., & Romanov, M. T. (2009). Ekonomiko-geograficheskoye i geopoliticheskoye polozhenie Tikhookeanskoy Rossii (Economic-geographical and geopolitical position of the Pacific Russia). Vladivostok: Dalnauka Publ, 360.
- Glotov, V. E., & Glotova, L. P. (2007). Features of the distribution of the balneological resources of the Russian North-East. Bulletin of the FEB of RAS, 6, 79 – 94.
- Krasheninnikov, S. P. (1949). Description of Kamchatka land. Moscow-Lenuingrad: publ. by Northern Sea Route Authority, 841 p.
- Magidovich, I. P., & Magidovich, V. I. (1957). Ocherki po istorii geograficheskikh otkrytii (Essays on the history of geographic discoveries). Moscow: Uchpedgiz.
- Villalobos Antúnez, J. V. (2013). El lugar del saber en la formación universitaria. Bioética, currÃculo y gestión del conocimiento para el desarrollo humano. Opción, 29(72).
- Shvedov, V. G., Romanov, M. T., Ushakov, E. A., & Churzina, A. A. (2018). Spatial organization of the Lena-Amur transport route. Natural and engineering sciences, 12(21), 154 – 160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2018.05.003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2018.05.003
- Khrushchev, A. N. (Ed). (2001). Economic and social geography of Russia. Moscow: Drofa, 672 p.
- Deudney, D. (2000). Geopolitics as theory: Historical security materialism. European Journal of International Relations, 6(1), 77-107. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354066100006001004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1354066100006001004
- Grainger, J. D. (2008). The First Pacific War: Britain and Russia, 1854-1856. Boydell Press.
- Borisov, V.I. (2018). Influence of the food crisis for the revolution of the working mass of russia in the years of the first world war (August 1914 - February 1917), Historical Bulletin. 1(2), 49 – 55.
- Kerr, D. (1995). The new Eurasianism: The rise of geopolitics in Russia's foreign policy. Europe-Asia Studies, 47(6), 977-988. https://doi.org/10.1080/09668139508412300 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09668139508412300
- Smith, G., & Wilson, A. (1997). Rethinking Russia's postâ€soviet Diaspora: The potential for political mobilisation in eastern Ukraine and northâ€east Estonia. Europe-Asia Studies, 49(5), 845-864. https://doi.org/10.1080/09668139708412476 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09668139708412476
- Ebinger, C. K., & Zambetakis, E. (2009). The geopolitics of Arctic melt. International Affairs, 85(6), 1215-1232. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2346.2009.00858.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2346.2009.00858.x
- Stern, J., Rogers, H., Yafimava, K., Pirani, S., El-Katiri, L., Honore, A., ... & Dickel, R. (2014). Reducing European Dependence on Russian Gas–distinguishing natural gas security from geopolitics. https://doi.org/10.26889/9781784670146 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26889/9781784670146
- Jukarainen, P. (1999). Norden is Dead—Long Live the Eastwards Faced Euro-North: Geopolitical Re-making of Norden in a Nordic Journal. Cooperation and Conflict, 34(4), 355-382. https://doi.org/10.1177/00108369921961933 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/00108369921961933
- Marketos, T. N. (2008). China's Energy Geopolitics: The Shanghai Cooperation Organization and Central Asia. Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203894286
- Kuhrt, N. (2007). Russian policy towards China and Japan: the El'tsin and Putin periods. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203716885 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203716885
- Dannreuther, R. (2003). Asian security and China's energy needs. International Relations of the Asia-Pacific, 3(2), 197-219. https://doi.org/10.1093/irap/3.2.197 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/irap/3.2.197
- Wivel, A., & Mouritzen, H. (2004). The geopolitics of Euro-Atlantic integration. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203496602 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203496602
- Berg, E. (2000). Deconstructing border practices in the Estonianâ€Russian borderland. Geopolitics, 5(3), 78-98. https://doi.org/10.1080/14650040008407692 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14650040008407692
- Chufrin, G. (2003). Russia's economic and strategic interests in North-East Asia. Asia Europe Journal, 1(2), 251-262. https://doi.org/10.1007/s103080300024 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s103080300024
- Clowes, E. W. (2011). Russia on the edge: imagined geographies and post-Soviet identity. Cornell University Press. https://doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9780801448560.001.0001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9780801448560.001.0001
References
Baklanov, P. Y., & Romanov, M. T. (2009). Ekonomiko-geograficheskoye i geopoliticheskoye polozhenie Tikhookeanskoy Rossii (Economic-geographical and geopolitical position of the Pacific Russia). Vladivostok: Dalnauka Publ, 360.
Glotov, V. E., & Glotova, L. P. (2007). Features of the distribution of the balneological resources of the Russian North-East. Bulletin of the FEB of RAS, 6, 79 – 94.
Krasheninnikov, S. P. (1949). Description of Kamchatka land. Moscow-Lenuingrad: publ. by Northern Sea Route Authority, 841 p.
Magidovich, I. P., & Magidovich, V. I. (1957). Ocherki po istorii geograficheskikh otkrytii (Essays on the history of geographic discoveries). Moscow: Uchpedgiz.
Villalobos Antúnez, J. V. (2013). El lugar del saber en la formación universitaria. Bioética, currÃculo y gestión del conocimiento para el desarrollo humano. Opción, 29(72).
Shvedov, V. G., Romanov, M. T., Ushakov, E. A., & Churzina, A. A. (2018). Spatial organization of the Lena-Amur transport route. Natural and engineering sciences, 12(21), 154 – 160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2018.05.003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2018.05.003
Khrushchev, A. N. (Ed). (2001). Economic and social geography of Russia. Moscow: Drofa, 672 p.
Deudney, D. (2000). Geopolitics as theory: Historical security materialism. European Journal of International Relations, 6(1), 77-107. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354066100006001004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1354066100006001004
Grainger, J. D. (2008). The First Pacific War: Britain and Russia, 1854-1856. Boydell Press.
Borisov, V.I. (2018). Influence of the food crisis for the revolution of the working mass of russia in the years of the first world war (August 1914 - February 1917), Historical Bulletin. 1(2), 49 – 55.
Kerr, D. (1995). The new Eurasianism: The rise of geopolitics in Russia's foreign policy. Europe-Asia Studies, 47(6), 977-988. https://doi.org/10.1080/09668139508412300 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09668139508412300
Smith, G., & Wilson, A. (1997). Rethinking Russia's postâ€soviet Diaspora: The potential for political mobilisation in eastern Ukraine and northâ€east Estonia. Europe-Asia Studies, 49(5), 845-864. https://doi.org/10.1080/09668139708412476 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09668139708412476
Ebinger, C. K., & Zambetakis, E. (2009). The geopolitics of Arctic melt. International Affairs, 85(6), 1215-1232. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2346.2009.00858.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2346.2009.00858.x
Stern, J., Rogers, H., Yafimava, K., Pirani, S., El-Katiri, L., Honore, A., ... & Dickel, R. (2014). Reducing European Dependence on Russian Gas–distinguishing natural gas security from geopolitics. https://doi.org/10.26889/9781784670146 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26889/9781784670146
Jukarainen, P. (1999). Norden is Dead—Long Live the Eastwards Faced Euro-North: Geopolitical Re-making of Norden in a Nordic Journal. Cooperation and Conflict, 34(4), 355-382. https://doi.org/10.1177/00108369921961933 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/00108369921961933
Marketos, T. N. (2008). China's Energy Geopolitics: The Shanghai Cooperation Organization and Central Asia. Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203894286
Kuhrt, N. (2007). Russian policy towards China and Japan: the El'tsin and Putin periods. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203716885 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203716885
Dannreuther, R. (2003). Asian security and China's energy needs. International Relations of the Asia-Pacific, 3(2), 197-219. https://doi.org/10.1093/irap/3.2.197 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/irap/3.2.197
Wivel, A., & Mouritzen, H. (2004). The geopolitics of Euro-Atlantic integration. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203496602 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203496602
Berg, E. (2000). Deconstructing border practices in the Estonianâ€Russian borderland. Geopolitics, 5(3), 78-98. https://doi.org/10.1080/14650040008407692 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14650040008407692
Chufrin, G. (2003). Russia's economic and strategic interests in North-East Asia. Asia Europe Journal, 1(2), 251-262. https://doi.org/10.1007/s103080300024 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s103080300024
Clowes, E. W. (2011). Russia on the edge: imagined geographies and post-Soviet identity. Cornell University Press. https://doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9780801448560.001.0001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9780801448560.001.0001