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THE MATURE PERSONALITY IN THE DIALOGUE BETWEEN SERAT TASAWUF AND PSYCHOLOGY
Corresponding Author(s) : Yani Rohmayani
Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews,
Vol. 8 No. 3 (2020): May
Abstract
Purpose: This article examined Serat Tasawuf, a manuscript written using Pegon script in the Sundanese language. This manuscript, a collection of the National Library of Indonesia, is important to study because it contains three accurate recipes for those who seek happiness in this world and the Hereafter.
Methodology: By using descriptive-analytical methods, the contents of the manuscript were then engaged with psychology, especially with the theory of personality developed by Gordon Willard Allport.
Main Findings: The results showed that the contents of the Serat Tasawuf manuscript indicate a need for the formation of a mature personality that must begin in the first phases after birth. It also requires each individual to have an understanding of the basic tasks and functions as worshippers as well as social beings. Each individual must be directed to “learn to be themselves†and “learn to live togetherâ€.
Implications/Applications: The content of the Serat Tasawuf Manuscript provides an understanding of the basic tasks and functions as worshippers as well as social beings. Thus, each individual must be directed to “learn to be themselves†and “learn to live togetherâ€.
Novelty/Originality of Current Study: Since the beginning of its presence, the Islamic texts have formed a cultural identity of the ethnic diversity of the people who produce them. There are many other religious texts in the archipelago that are connected to Islamic thinkers in the Arab world. This study has explored the Serat Tasawuf manuscript, an ancient manuscript that was born in the Sunda region, West Java. This study highlights guidelines for those who are in search of happiness in this world and the Hereafter.
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- Allport, G. W. (1937). Personality: A psychological interpretation. New York: Henry Holt and Company.
- Allport, G. W. (1950). The individual and his religion: A psychological interpretation. New York, NY: The Macmillan Company/Collier-Macmillan, Ltd.
- Allport, G. W. (1966). Traits revisited. American psychologist, 21(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0023295 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/h0023295
- Barenbaum, N. B., & Winter, D. G. (2008). History of modern personality theory and research. Handbook of personality: Theory and research, 3, 3-26.
- Barkley, R. A., Fischer, M., Smallish, L., & Fletcher, K. (2006). Young adult outcome of hyperactive children: adaptive functioning in major life activities. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 45(2), 192-202. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.chi.0000189134.97436.e2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/01.chi.0000189134.97436.e2
- Bozalek, V., & Biersteker, L. (2010). Exploring power and privilege using participatory learning and action techniques. Social Work Education, 29(5), 551-572. https://doi.org/10.1080/02615470903193785 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02615470903193785
- Chambert-Loir, H. (2014). Melayu/Indonesian writing: The script in cultural development. In Iskandar Zulkarnain, Dewa Mendu, Muhammad Bakir dan Kawan-kawan: Fifteen essays on classic Indonesian literature. Jakarta, Indonesia: Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia.
- Emran, S. (2015). Islamic bioethics at the end of life: Why mukallaf status cannot be the criterion of defining the life that should be saved. The American Journal of Bioethics, 15(1), 27-28. https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2014.974780 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2014.974780
- Fathurahman, O.(2010). Philologyand Indonesian Islam. Jakarta, Indonesia: Puslitbang Lektur Keagamaan, Badan Litbang dan Diklat, Kementerian Agama RI.
- Gam, R. P. (2018). Teachers’ experiences in handling students with learning difficulty. International Journal of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences, 4(4), 179-185. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20469/ijhss.4.10003-4
- Gohar, S. M. (2016). The literary representation of the jew in postmodern Arabic fiction. International Journal of Humanities and Cultural Studies (IJHCS), 1(1), 35-48.
- Hassan, W. S. (2018). Postcolonialism and Modern Arabic Literature: Twenty-First Century Horizons. Interventions, 20(2), 157-173. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369801X.2017.1391711 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1369801X.2017.1391711
- Ikram, A. (1997). Nusantara philology. Jakarta, Indonesia: Pustaka Jaya.
- Khadijah. (2014). Meeting point between transpersonal psychology and Tasawuf. Teosofi: Jurnal Tasawuf dan Pemikiran Islam, 4(2), 382-403. https://doi.org/10.15642/teosofi.2014.4.2.382-403 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15642/teosofi.2014.4.2.382-403
- Kucera, D. &Haviger, J.(2019). Analysis of formal characteristics of text in the CPACT Research: Enhancing the LIWC linguistic processing for the Czech language. Journal of Advanced Research in Social Sciences and Humanities, 4(2), 57-65. https://doi.org/10.26500/JARSSH-04-2019-0203 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26500/JARSSH-04-2019-0203
- Latif, Y. (2019). Educational betting. Jakarta, Indonesia: Kompas.
- Lerner, R. M. (1982). Children and adolescents as producers of their development. Developmental Review, 2(4), 342-370. https://doi.org/10.1016/0273-2297(82)90018-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0273-2297(82)90018-1
- Marsden, W. (1812). A grammar of the Malayan language with an introduction and praxis. London, UK: Cox and Baylis.
- Maslahat, M. M. (2019).Holistic human in the psychological perspective and Tasawuf.Syifa al-Qulub: Jurnal Studi Psikoterapi Sufistik, 4(1): 20-27.
- Musa, H. (2006). The history of Jawi script. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
- Nasrudin, M. (2016). Seberang Kata .https://bit.ly/2MC6c0g
- Nicholson, I. A. (1998). Gordon Allport, character, and the" culture of personality," 1897–1937. History of Psychology, 1(1), 52-57. https://doi.org/10.1037/1093-4510.1.1.52 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/1093-4510.1.1.52
- O’Mahony, C. T. (2018). An analysis of dialects and how they are neither linguistically superior nor inferior to one another. International Journal of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences, 4(5), 221-226. https://doi.org/10.20469/ijhss.4.10004-5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.20469/ijhss.4.10004-5
- Rajab, K. (2013). Tasawuf contribution-psychotherapy towards Islamic education.Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 28(1), 75-90. https://doi.org/10.15575/jpi.v28i1.537 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15575/jpi.v28i1.537
- Rice, M. L., Hadley, P. A., & Alexander, A. L. (1993). Social biases toward children with speech and language impairments: A correlative causal model of language limitations. Applied Psycholinguistics, 14(4), 445-471. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0142716400010699 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0142716400010699
- Rosenzweig, S., & Fisher, S. L. (1997). “Idiographic†visâ€Ã â€vis “idiodynamic†in the historical perspective of personality theory: Remembering Gordon Allport, 1897–1997. Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences, 33(4), 405-419. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1520-6696(199723)33:4<405::AID-JHBS4>3.0.CO;2-N DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1520-6696(199723)33:4<405::AID-JHBS4>3.0.CO;2-N
- Sarwono, J. (2006). Quantitative and qualitative research methods. Yogyakarta, Indonesia: Graha Ilmu.
- Skoric, J. & Kupresanin, J. (2018). Social work in the educational system of the Balkans – Is social worker needed in schools? International Journal of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences, 4(6), 245-252. https://doi.org/10.20469/ijhss.4.10003-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.20469/ijhss.4.10003-6
- Whittemore, R., Chase, S. K., & Mandle, C. L. (2001). Validity in qualitative research. Qualitative health research, 11(4), 522-537. https://doi.org/10.1177/104973201129119299 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/104973201129119299
- Zuroff, D. C. (1986). Was Gordon Allport a trait theorist?. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(5), 993. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.51.5.993 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.51.5.993
References
Allport, G. W. (1937). Personality: A psychological interpretation. New York: Henry Holt and Company.
Allport, G. W. (1950). The individual and his religion: A psychological interpretation. New York, NY: The Macmillan Company/Collier-Macmillan, Ltd.
Allport, G. W. (1966). Traits revisited. American psychologist, 21(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0023295 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/h0023295
Barenbaum, N. B., & Winter, D. G. (2008). History of modern personality theory and research. Handbook of personality: Theory and research, 3, 3-26.
Barkley, R. A., Fischer, M., Smallish, L., & Fletcher, K. (2006). Young adult outcome of hyperactive children: adaptive functioning in major life activities. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 45(2), 192-202. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.chi.0000189134.97436.e2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/01.chi.0000189134.97436.e2
Bozalek, V., & Biersteker, L. (2010). Exploring power and privilege using participatory learning and action techniques. Social Work Education, 29(5), 551-572. https://doi.org/10.1080/02615470903193785 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02615470903193785
Chambert-Loir, H. (2014). Melayu/Indonesian writing: The script in cultural development. In Iskandar Zulkarnain, Dewa Mendu, Muhammad Bakir dan Kawan-kawan: Fifteen essays on classic Indonesian literature. Jakarta, Indonesia: Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia.
Emran, S. (2015). Islamic bioethics at the end of life: Why mukallaf status cannot be the criterion of defining the life that should be saved. The American Journal of Bioethics, 15(1), 27-28. https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2014.974780 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2014.974780
Fathurahman, O.(2010). Philologyand Indonesian Islam. Jakarta, Indonesia: Puslitbang Lektur Keagamaan, Badan Litbang dan Diklat, Kementerian Agama RI.
Gam, R. P. (2018). Teachers’ experiences in handling students with learning difficulty. International Journal of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences, 4(4), 179-185. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20469/ijhss.4.10003-4
Gohar, S. M. (2016). The literary representation of the jew in postmodern Arabic fiction. International Journal of Humanities and Cultural Studies (IJHCS), 1(1), 35-48.
Hassan, W. S. (2018). Postcolonialism and Modern Arabic Literature: Twenty-First Century Horizons. Interventions, 20(2), 157-173. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369801X.2017.1391711 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1369801X.2017.1391711
Ikram, A. (1997). Nusantara philology. Jakarta, Indonesia: Pustaka Jaya.
Khadijah. (2014). Meeting point between transpersonal psychology and Tasawuf. Teosofi: Jurnal Tasawuf dan Pemikiran Islam, 4(2), 382-403. https://doi.org/10.15642/teosofi.2014.4.2.382-403 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15642/teosofi.2014.4.2.382-403
Kucera, D. &Haviger, J.(2019). Analysis of formal characteristics of text in the CPACT Research: Enhancing the LIWC linguistic processing for the Czech language. Journal of Advanced Research in Social Sciences and Humanities, 4(2), 57-65. https://doi.org/10.26500/JARSSH-04-2019-0203 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26500/JARSSH-04-2019-0203
Latif, Y. (2019). Educational betting. Jakarta, Indonesia: Kompas.
Lerner, R. M. (1982). Children and adolescents as producers of their development. Developmental Review, 2(4), 342-370. https://doi.org/10.1016/0273-2297(82)90018-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0273-2297(82)90018-1
Marsden, W. (1812). A grammar of the Malayan language with an introduction and praxis. London, UK: Cox and Baylis.
Maslahat, M. M. (2019).Holistic human in the psychological perspective and Tasawuf.Syifa al-Qulub: Jurnal Studi Psikoterapi Sufistik, 4(1): 20-27.
Musa, H. (2006). The history of Jawi script. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Nasrudin, M. (2016). Seberang Kata .https://bit.ly/2MC6c0g
Nicholson, I. A. (1998). Gordon Allport, character, and the" culture of personality," 1897–1937. History of Psychology, 1(1), 52-57. https://doi.org/10.1037/1093-4510.1.1.52 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/1093-4510.1.1.52
O’Mahony, C. T. (2018). An analysis of dialects and how they are neither linguistically superior nor inferior to one another. International Journal of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences, 4(5), 221-226. https://doi.org/10.20469/ijhss.4.10004-5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.20469/ijhss.4.10004-5
Rajab, K. (2013). Tasawuf contribution-psychotherapy towards Islamic education.Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 28(1), 75-90. https://doi.org/10.15575/jpi.v28i1.537 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15575/jpi.v28i1.537
Rice, M. L., Hadley, P. A., & Alexander, A. L. (1993). Social biases toward children with speech and language impairments: A correlative causal model of language limitations. Applied Psycholinguistics, 14(4), 445-471. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0142716400010699 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0142716400010699
Rosenzweig, S., & Fisher, S. L. (1997). “Idiographic†visâ€Ã â€vis “idiodynamic†in the historical perspective of personality theory: Remembering Gordon Allport, 1897–1997. Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences, 33(4), 405-419. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1520-6696(199723)33:4<405::AID-JHBS4>3.0.CO;2-N DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1520-6696(199723)33:4<405::AID-JHBS4>3.0.CO;2-N
Sarwono, J. (2006). Quantitative and qualitative research methods. Yogyakarta, Indonesia: Graha Ilmu.
Skoric, J. & Kupresanin, J. (2018). Social work in the educational system of the Balkans – Is social worker needed in schools? International Journal of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences, 4(6), 245-252. https://doi.org/10.20469/ijhss.4.10003-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.20469/ijhss.4.10003-6
Whittemore, R., Chase, S. K., & Mandle, C. L. (2001). Validity in qualitative research. Qualitative health research, 11(4), 522-537. https://doi.org/10.1177/104973201129119299 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/104973201129119299
Zuroff, D. C. (1986). Was Gordon Allport a trait theorist?. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(5), 993. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.51.5.993 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.51.5.993