Issue
Authors retain the copyright without restrictions for their published content in this journal. HSSR is a SHERPA ROMEO Green Journal.
Publishing License
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of
PUBLIC PERCEPTION TOWARDS THE MYTH OF CONSTITUTIONAL STATUS OF GILGIT BALTISTAN
Corresponding Author(s) : Muhammad Azhar Mian
Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews,
Vol. 9 No. 3 (2021): May
Abstract
Purpose: The key purpose of this study is to answer the questions about the primary hurdles in determining and delaying the constitutional status, as well as ambiguities, reservations, demands, and desires among the youth of Gilgit Baltistan (GB).
Method: The primary, as well as secondary sources are used to answer the research questions. Questionnaire survey and focus group discussions are used to collect the primary data and the secondary data is collected from different published sources. The number of respondents was One Hundred Ninety and conducted three focus group discussions. All analyses were performed by using the latest version of SPSS.
Main Findings: This study finds out that the primary hurdle in determining and delaying the constitutional status of Gilgit Baltistan is its historical facts, Kashmir dispute, leadership crisis in GB, undesirable role of Kashmiri leader, and the non-serious behavior of Islamabad and its institution. Furthermore, undefined constitutional status creates uncertainty, ambiguity, sub-nationalism, and fear among youth.
Application of the study: The result will provide a guideline in policy-making regarding Gilgit Baltistan and it provides a new direction for new researchers.
Originality of the study: The research identifies the primary hurdles in determining and delaying the constitutional status of GB as well as explores the demands and desires of the youth of GB.
Keywords
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)BibTeX
- Ali, N. (2019). Delusional States. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108609166 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108609166
- Ali, S. W., & Akhunzada, T. (2015). Unheard voices: engaging youth of Gilgit Baltistan. London, UK: Conciliation Resources.
- Asif, M., & Ling, Y. B. (2019). China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC): International Media Reporting and Legal Validity of Gilgit-Baltistan. Asian Social Science, 15(2), 177-187. https://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v15n2p177 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v15n2p177
- Bangash, Y. K. (2010). Three Forgotten Accessions: Gilgit, Hunza, and Nagar. The Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History, 38(1), 117-143. https://doi.org/10.1080/03086530903538269 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/03086530903538269
- Bansal, A. (2018). Gilgit-Baltistan and its Saga of Unending Human Rights Violation. New Delhi: Pentagon Press.
- Best, S. (2014). Understanding and doing successful research: Data collection and analysis for the social sciences. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315833545 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315833545
- Bodla, S. (2014). Making a nation in high mountains: Balawars and Balawaristan nationalism in Ghizer district of Gilgit Baltistan. 16.1. EthnoScripts: Zeitschrift für aktuelle ethnologische Studien, 16(1), 125-139.
- Bouzas, A. (2013). Securitization and Development as Modes of Peripheralization in North-Eastern Pakistan. In Peripheralization, 77-98. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-19018-1_4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-19018-1_4
- Bouzas, A. M. (2012). Mixed Legacies in Contested Borderlands: Skardu and the Kashmir Dispute. Geopolitics, 17(4), 667-886. https://doi.org/10.1080/14650045.2012.660577 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14650045.2012.660577
- Bouzas, A. M. (2017). Territorialization, Ambivalence, and Representational Spaces in Gilgit-Baltistan. The Journal of Transcultural Studies, 8(1), 197-223.
- Dad, A. A. (2016). Boundaries and Identities: The Case of Gilgit-Baltistan. The crossroads Asia Working Paper Series, 34.
- Dilshad, R. M., & Latif, M. I. (2013). Focus Group Interview as a Tool for Qualitative Research: An Analysis. Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences, 33(1), 191-198.
- Feyyaz, M. (2019). Geopolitics, statehood, violence and space compression in Gilgit-Baltistan. South Asian History and Culture, 10(1), 28-45. https://doi.org/10.1080/19472498.2019.1576297 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/19472498.2019.1576297
- Flowerday, J. (2019). Identity matters: Hunza and the hidden text of Britain and China. South Asian History and Culture, 10(1), 46-63. https://doi.org/10.1080/19472498.2019.1576299 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/19472498.2019.1576299
- Haque, I. u. (2012). Determining the Political Status Of Gilgit Baltistan Future Perspective. Islamabad: National University of Modern Languages.
- Holden, L. (2019). Law, governance, and culture in Gilgit-Baltistan: introduction. South Asian History and Culture. 10(1), 1-13, https://doi.org/10.1080/19472498.2019.1576300 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/19472498.2019.1576300
- Hong, C. (2012). Liminality and resistance in Gilgit-Baltistan. Centre for International Sustainable Development Law (CISDL): Montreal, Canada.
- Howe, K., & Hunzai, I. (2019). The politics of exclusion. South Asian History and Culture, 10(1), 14-27. https://doi.org/10.1080/19472498.2019.1576298 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/19472498.2019.1576298
- Hunzai, I. (2013). Conflict Dynamics in Gilgit Baltistan. Washington: United States Institute of Peace.
- Hussain, A. (2009). The Gilgit-Baltistan Reforms 2009. The Forum of Federations project in Pakistan-German Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
- Hussain, Z., & Javaid, U. (2018). Situating Gilgit-Baltistan in growing China Pakistan Interdependence: Post 9/11 Scenario. Journal of Political Studies, 25(2), 291-310.
- Jabeen, S., & Bukhari, M. H. (2020). Gilgit-Baltistan A Gateway in China Pakistan Relations: An Overview of Constitutional, Political, Strategic and Economic Dimensions. Pakistan Vision, 21(1), 14-34.
- Jalal, A. (1995). Conjuring Pakistan: History as official imagining. International Journal of Middle East Studies, 27(1), 273-89. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020743800061596 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020743800061596
- Joshi, P. (2019). Supreme Court ruling on Gilgit Baltistan: A legacy of unfulfilled promises. National Security, 2(1).
- Khan, A. W. (2020). From subjugation to extinction a tragic history of the indigenous people of Gilgit-Baltistan. Fourth World Journal, 19(2), 8-24.
- Khan, E. M. (2017). Constitutional Status of Gilgit-Baltistan: An Issue of Human Security. Margalla Papers, 21(1), 85-103.
- Khan, E. M. (2017a). The Role of Geography in Human Security: A Case Study of Gilgit-Baltistan. Margalla Papers.
- Khan, I. S. (2015). The flow of history of governance in Gilgit Baltistan. Habib University, Karachi.
- Kreutzmann, H. (2015). Boundaries and space in Gilgit-Baltistan. Contemporary South Asia, 23(3), 276-291. https://doi.org/10.1080/09584935.2015.1040733 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09584935.2015.1040733
- Lambah, S. K. (2016). The Tragic History of Gilgit-Baltistan since 1947. Indian Foreign Affairs Journal, 11(3), 227.
- Nagri, J. (2021, March 09). GB Assembly unanimously adopts joint resolution demanding interim provincial status. Retrieved March 12, 2021, from Daily Dawn: https://www.dawn.com/news/1611556/gb-assembly-unanimously-adopts-joint-resolution-demanding-interim-provincial-status
- Naseem, M. Q. (2007). Gilgit Baltistan Aur Masla-E-Kashmir. Skardu: Sang-e-meel.
- Nayak, J. K., & Singh, P. (2015). Fundamentals of Research Methodology Problems and Prospects (1st ed.). New Delhi, India: SSDN Publishers & Distributors.
- Pandey, D. P., & Pandey, D. M. (2015). Research Methodology: Tools and Techniques (1 ed.). Buzau, Romania, European Union: Bridge Center.
- Reportar, S. (2020, August 05). Pakistan affirms the claim to IHK with a new map. Retrieved March 10, 2021, from Daily Dawn: https://www.dawn.com/news/1572694
- Saini, S., & Dar, D. S. (2013). Geopolitical Significance of Gilgit Baltistan of J & K State. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention, 2(5), 48-56.
- Sering, S. H. (2010). Constitutional Impasse in Gilgit-Baltistan (Jammu and Kashmir): The Fallout. Strategic Analysis, 34(3), 354-358. https://doi.org/10.1080/09700161003658998 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09700161003658998
- Shafique, M., & Iftikhar, G. A. (2017). Regional Dynamics of China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC): The Case of Gilgit Baltistan. Journal of Historical Studies, 3(II), 15-29.
- Shamsi, D. S., Mustafa, D. G., & Ali, N. (2019). Pak-China Relations in 21st Century: a Critical Appraisal. Orient Research Journal of Social Sciences, 4(1), 107-121.
- Shekhawat, S. (2011, January 18). Sectarianism in Gilgit-Baltistan. South Asia Terrorism Portal, 20.
- Siddiqa, A. (2017). Reforms in Gilgit-Baltistan. Strategic Studies, 37(1), 108-123.
- Singh, P. (2013). Gilgit Baltistan: Hope and Despair. New Delhi, India: Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses.
- Sokefeld, M. (2014). Sökefeld, Martin. "Anthropology of Gilgit-Baltistan: Introduction. EthnoScripts: Zeitschrift für aktuelle ethnologische Studien, 16(1), 9-29.
- Tanvir, A. (2020, November 25). Gilgit Baltistan Elections and Looming Challenges for the PTI. Retrieved March 2021, 10, from South Asian Voices: https://southasianvoices.org/gilgit-baltistan-elections-and-looming-challenges-for-the-pti/
- Wolf, S. O. (2016). China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) and its impact on Gilgit-Baltistan. South Asia Democratic Forum, 25. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56747-1_6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56747-1_6
- Zain, O. F. (2010). A Socio-Political Study of Gilgit Baltistan Province. Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences, 3(1), 181-190.
References
Ali, N. (2019). Delusional States. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108609166 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108609166
Ali, S. W., & Akhunzada, T. (2015). Unheard voices: engaging youth of Gilgit Baltistan. London, UK: Conciliation Resources.
Asif, M., & Ling, Y. B. (2019). China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC): International Media Reporting and Legal Validity of Gilgit-Baltistan. Asian Social Science, 15(2), 177-187. https://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v15n2p177 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v15n2p177
Bangash, Y. K. (2010). Three Forgotten Accessions: Gilgit, Hunza, and Nagar. The Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History, 38(1), 117-143. https://doi.org/10.1080/03086530903538269 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/03086530903538269
Bansal, A. (2018). Gilgit-Baltistan and its Saga of Unending Human Rights Violation. New Delhi: Pentagon Press.
Best, S. (2014). Understanding and doing successful research: Data collection and analysis for the social sciences. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315833545 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315833545
Bodla, S. (2014). Making a nation in high mountains: Balawars and Balawaristan nationalism in Ghizer district of Gilgit Baltistan. 16.1. EthnoScripts: Zeitschrift für aktuelle ethnologische Studien, 16(1), 125-139.
Bouzas, A. (2013). Securitization and Development as Modes of Peripheralization in North-Eastern Pakistan. In Peripheralization, 77-98. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-19018-1_4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-19018-1_4
Bouzas, A. M. (2012). Mixed Legacies in Contested Borderlands: Skardu and the Kashmir Dispute. Geopolitics, 17(4), 667-886. https://doi.org/10.1080/14650045.2012.660577 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14650045.2012.660577
Bouzas, A. M. (2017). Territorialization, Ambivalence, and Representational Spaces in Gilgit-Baltistan. The Journal of Transcultural Studies, 8(1), 197-223.
Dad, A. A. (2016). Boundaries and Identities: The Case of Gilgit-Baltistan. The crossroads Asia Working Paper Series, 34.
Dilshad, R. M., & Latif, M. I. (2013). Focus Group Interview as a Tool for Qualitative Research: An Analysis. Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences, 33(1), 191-198.
Feyyaz, M. (2019). Geopolitics, statehood, violence and space compression in Gilgit-Baltistan. South Asian History and Culture, 10(1), 28-45. https://doi.org/10.1080/19472498.2019.1576297 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/19472498.2019.1576297
Flowerday, J. (2019). Identity matters: Hunza and the hidden text of Britain and China. South Asian History and Culture, 10(1), 46-63. https://doi.org/10.1080/19472498.2019.1576299 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/19472498.2019.1576299
Haque, I. u. (2012). Determining the Political Status Of Gilgit Baltistan Future Perspective. Islamabad: National University of Modern Languages.
Holden, L. (2019). Law, governance, and culture in Gilgit-Baltistan: introduction. South Asian History and Culture. 10(1), 1-13, https://doi.org/10.1080/19472498.2019.1576300 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/19472498.2019.1576300
Hong, C. (2012). Liminality and resistance in Gilgit-Baltistan. Centre for International Sustainable Development Law (CISDL): Montreal, Canada.
Howe, K., & Hunzai, I. (2019). The politics of exclusion. South Asian History and Culture, 10(1), 14-27. https://doi.org/10.1080/19472498.2019.1576298 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/19472498.2019.1576298
Hunzai, I. (2013). Conflict Dynamics in Gilgit Baltistan. Washington: United States Institute of Peace.
Hussain, A. (2009). The Gilgit-Baltistan Reforms 2009. The Forum of Federations project in Pakistan-German Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Hussain, Z., & Javaid, U. (2018). Situating Gilgit-Baltistan in growing China Pakistan Interdependence: Post 9/11 Scenario. Journal of Political Studies, 25(2), 291-310.
Jabeen, S., & Bukhari, M. H. (2020). Gilgit-Baltistan A Gateway in China Pakistan Relations: An Overview of Constitutional, Political, Strategic and Economic Dimensions. Pakistan Vision, 21(1), 14-34.
Jalal, A. (1995). Conjuring Pakistan: History as official imagining. International Journal of Middle East Studies, 27(1), 273-89. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020743800061596 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020743800061596
Joshi, P. (2019). Supreme Court ruling on Gilgit Baltistan: A legacy of unfulfilled promises. National Security, 2(1).
Khan, A. W. (2020). From subjugation to extinction a tragic history of the indigenous people of Gilgit-Baltistan. Fourth World Journal, 19(2), 8-24.
Khan, E. M. (2017). Constitutional Status of Gilgit-Baltistan: An Issue of Human Security. Margalla Papers, 21(1), 85-103.
Khan, E. M. (2017a). The Role of Geography in Human Security: A Case Study of Gilgit-Baltistan. Margalla Papers.
Khan, I. S. (2015). The flow of history of governance in Gilgit Baltistan. Habib University, Karachi.
Kreutzmann, H. (2015). Boundaries and space in Gilgit-Baltistan. Contemporary South Asia, 23(3), 276-291. https://doi.org/10.1080/09584935.2015.1040733 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09584935.2015.1040733
Lambah, S. K. (2016). The Tragic History of Gilgit-Baltistan since 1947. Indian Foreign Affairs Journal, 11(3), 227.
Nagri, J. (2021, March 09). GB Assembly unanimously adopts joint resolution demanding interim provincial status. Retrieved March 12, 2021, from Daily Dawn: https://www.dawn.com/news/1611556/gb-assembly-unanimously-adopts-joint-resolution-demanding-interim-provincial-status
Naseem, M. Q. (2007). Gilgit Baltistan Aur Masla-E-Kashmir. Skardu: Sang-e-meel.
Nayak, J. K., & Singh, P. (2015). Fundamentals of Research Methodology Problems and Prospects (1st ed.). New Delhi, India: SSDN Publishers & Distributors.
Pandey, D. P., & Pandey, D. M. (2015). Research Methodology: Tools and Techniques (1 ed.). Buzau, Romania, European Union: Bridge Center.
Reportar, S. (2020, August 05). Pakistan affirms the claim to IHK with a new map. Retrieved March 10, 2021, from Daily Dawn: https://www.dawn.com/news/1572694
Saini, S., & Dar, D. S. (2013). Geopolitical Significance of Gilgit Baltistan of J & K State. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention, 2(5), 48-56.
Sering, S. H. (2010). Constitutional Impasse in Gilgit-Baltistan (Jammu and Kashmir): The Fallout. Strategic Analysis, 34(3), 354-358. https://doi.org/10.1080/09700161003658998 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09700161003658998
Shafique, M., & Iftikhar, G. A. (2017). Regional Dynamics of China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC): The Case of Gilgit Baltistan. Journal of Historical Studies, 3(II), 15-29.
Shamsi, D. S., Mustafa, D. G., & Ali, N. (2019). Pak-China Relations in 21st Century: a Critical Appraisal. Orient Research Journal of Social Sciences, 4(1), 107-121.
Shekhawat, S. (2011, January 18). Sectarianism in Gilgit-Baltistan. South Asia Terrorism Portal, 20.
Siddiqa, A. (2017). Reforms in Gilgit-Baltistan. Strategic Studies, 37(1), 108-123.
Singh, P. (2013). Gilgit Baltistan: Hope and Despair. New Delhi, India: Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses.
Sokefeld, M. (2014). Sökefeld, Martin. "Anthropology of Gilgit-Baltistan: Introduction. EthnoScripts: Zeitschrift für aktuelle ethnologische Studien, 16(1), 9-29.
Tanvir, A. (2020, November 25). Gilgit Baltistan Elections and Looming Challenges for the PTI. Retrieved March 2021, 10, from South Asian Voices: https://southasianvoices.org/gilgit-baltistan-elections-and-looming-challenges-for-the-pti/
Wolf, S. O. (2016). China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) and its impact on Gilgit-Baltistan. South Asia Democratic Forum, 25. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56747-1_6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56747-1_6
Zain, O. F. (2010). A Socio-Political Study of Gilgit Baltistan Province. Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences, 3(1), 181-190.