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EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND WORK-LIFE BALANCE: A STUDY OF WORKING WOMEN TEACHERS IN PUBLIC SECTOR UNIVERSITIES
Corresponding Author(s) : Ayesha Batool
Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews,
Vol. 9 No. 2 (2021): March
Abstract
Purpose of the study: The present study focuses to explore the relationship of emotional intelligence with the work-life balance of working women at the university level in Pakistan. The objectives of the study were: i) to determine the level of emotional intelligence and work-life balance of working women of public sector universities in KP; ii) to find out the relationship between emotional intelligence and work-life balance of working women of the public sector universities in KP.
Methodology: The study was quantitative in nature and the survey method was used to collect data. The population consisted of all working women of public sector universities in KP. The sample of the study consisted of 350 working women randomly selected from 06 universities public sector universities. In this respect, two research instruments were developed one for measuring work-life balance and the second for measuring Emotional Intelligence. Data were collected after seeking consent from the working women. The data were analyzed by using statistical techniques.
Main Findings: It was found that the majority of the working women had high emotional intelligence with a high work-life balance. A significant correlation was found between emotional intelligence and the work-life balance of working women. It was concluded that high emotional intelligence leads to a high work-life balance.
Applications of this study: Therefore, it is recommended that university administration may develop such programs and policies that may facilitate employees’ work-life balance. Higher authorities may arrange training sessions for stress management which may help employees to reduce their stress and keep balance in their personal and professional life.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The readers may come to know about the emotional intelligence and work-life balance of working teachers especially women in higher institutions and how both factors are correlated.
Keywords
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References
Akintayo, D. I. (2010). Work-family conflict and organization commitment among industrial workers in Nigeria. Journal of Psychology and Counseling, 2(1), 1-8. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/268427843_Work-family_role_conflict_and_organizational_co mmitment_among_industrial_workers_in_Nigeria
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Azeem, S. M., & Altalhi, H. (2015). Role of perceived work-life balance and job satisfaction in developing organizational commitment among hospital employees in Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 5(12), 185-197. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/564b/fff7d8 0f41a6f791d673add2280e682adbb8.pdf DOI: https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v5-i12/1943
Bailyn, L. (2006). Breaking the mold: Redesigning work for productive and satisfying lives (2nd ed.). Cornell University Press.
Barnett, M. L. (2006). Finding a work balance between competitive communal strategies. Journal of Management Studies, 43(8) 1753-1773. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.2006.00661.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.2006.00661.x
Bedi, M., & Bedi, K. (2017). Emotional intelligence and life satisfaction: an empirical study among managers in Indian banking sector. Amity Global Business Review, 12(4), 116-122. https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/57878830/PUBLISHED_Rethinking_Human
Cavazotte, F., Moreno, V., & Hickmann, M. (2012). Effects of leader intelligence, personality and emotional intelligence on transformational leadership and managerial performance. The Leadership Quarterly, 23(3), 443-455. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2011.10.003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2011.10.003
Chaudhry, A., & Saif, M. I. (2012). Presence and potential of emotional intelligence (EI) in organizational settings. African Journal of Business Management, 6(20), 6117-6122. https://ssrn.com/abstract=2171728 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5897/AJBM11.2634
du Toit, A., Viviers, R., Mayer, C. H., & Visser, D. (2017). Emotional intelligence and leadership in a South African financial services institution. South African Journal of Labour Relations, 41(1), 1-14. https://journals.co.za/doi/abs/10.10520/EJC-5522633ba DOI: https://doi.org/10.25159/2520-3223/3765
Eid, M. T. I. (2016). Highlighting the main factors of job satisfaction among Jordanian hospitals employees. Journal of Applied Quantitative Methods, 11(1), 15-25. http://www.jaqm.ro/issues/volume-11,issue-1/pdfs/jaqm_vol11_issue1.pdf#page=84
Fallon, B. (2001). The loves of our livesâ€home and work: How can we keep them in perspective? In First APS Interest Group on the Psychology of Relationships Conference, Deakin University, Melbourne.
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Freidman, S. D., & Greenhaus, J. H., (2000). Work and family, allies or enemies? What happens when business professionals confront life choices? New York Oxford Press.
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Grant, A. M. (2007). Enhancing coaching skills and emotional intelligence through training. Industrial and Commercial Training, 39(5), 257-266. https://doi.org/10.1108/00197850710761945 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/00197850710761945
Greenhaus, J. H., Parasuraman, S., & Collins, K. M. (2001). Career involvement and family involvement as moderators of relationships between work-family conflict and withdrawal from a profession. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 6(2), 91-100. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8998.6.2.91 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8998.6.2.91
Gupta, S. (2016). Emotional intelligence and work life balance of employees in the information technology industry. Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review, 6(3), 2-5. https://doi.org/10.4172/2223-5833.1000201
Jonck, P., & Swanepoel, E. (2015). Exploring the theoretical link between cultural and emotional intelligence: A system analysis for human resource management. South African Journal of Business Management, 46(4), 77-84. https://journals.co.za/doi/abs/10.10520/EJC180432 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v46i4.111
Kalantari, P., Mohammadi Moghani, H., Taghibigloo, N., & Honari, H. (2012). The relationship between emotional intelligence and physical education teachers working life quality in Zanjan. International Journal of Basic Sciences and Applied Research, 1(2), 30-34. http://www.isicenter.org
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Kidwell, B., Hardesty, D. M., Murtha, B. R., & Sheng, S. (2011). Emotional intelligence in marketing exchanges. Journal of Marketing, 75(1), 78-95. https://doi.org/10.1509/jm.75.1.78 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1509/jm.75.1.78
Kinnear, L. (2014). A critical analysis of the emerging models of power amongst South African women business leaders (Unpublished doctoral thesis). University of KwaZulu Natal (UKZN), Durban
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Lee, J. S., Back, K. J., & Chan, E. S. (2015). Quality of work life and job satisfaction among frontline hotel employees: A self-determination and need satisfaction theory approach. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 27(5), 768-789. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-11-2013-0530 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-11-2013-0530
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Long, C. S., Yaacob, M., & Chuen, T. W. (2016). The Impact of Emotional Intelligence on Job Satisfaction among Teachers. International Journal of Management, Accounting and Economics, 3(8), 544-552. http://www.ijmae.com/article_115377_6a83e791274a3c03d36c339aeb999ab2.pdf
Mostert, K. (2009). The balance between work and home: The relationship between work and home demands and ill health of employed females. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 35(1), 145-152. http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2071-07632009000100016 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/sajip.v35i1.743
Madan, C., & Raja, S. (2019). Emotional intelligence and work life balance of employees. International Journal of Arts, Science and Humanities, 6(3), 37–43. http://www.shanlaxjournals.in/journals/index .php/sijash/article/view/250/176
Memon, M. Q., Khaskhely, M., & Pitafi, A. (2020). Evaluating the mediating effect of work-life balance between emotional intelligence and job satisfaction in corporate sector. European Journal of Business and Management Research, 5(6), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbmr.2020.5.6.594 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbmr.2020.5.6.594
Pillay, M., Viviers, R., & Mayer, C. H. (2013). The relationship between emotional intelligence and leadership styles in the South African petrochemical industry. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 39(1), 1-12. http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?pid=S2071-07632013000100019&script=sci_arttext&tlng=es DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/sajip.v39i1.1109
Rahim, S. H. (2010). Emotional intelligence and stress: An analytical study of Pakistan banks. International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance, 1(2), 194. http://www.ijtef.org/papers/35-C179.pdf DOI: https://doi.org/10.7763/IJTEF.2010.V1.35
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