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ASSOCIATION BETWEEN TEACHERS’ PERSONALITY TRAITS AND TEACHERS’ BURNOUT: MODERATING ROLE OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE
Corresponding Author(s) : Asma Asma
Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews,
Vol. 9 No. 3 (2021): May
Abstract
Purpose of the study: The current study aims to recognize the association between teacher's personality traits and burnout in District Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The current study predicts the moderating role of emotional intelligence in the relationship between personality traits & burnout levels of university teachers.
Methodology: Quantitative research method was used in this study. Questionnaires were distributed to 317 samples of university teachers in District Peshawar, KP, and Pakistan. To check validity KMO & Bartlett's test was used. Cronbach Alpha Coefficient was used to test reliability. Meanwhile, hypotheses were tested through regression analysis and t-tests.
Main Findings: It was indicated that openness to experience and neuroticism personality traits predict emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, extroversion & neuroticism express personal achievement. Emotional intelligence significantly moderates the association between a teacher's personality traits & burnout. Additionally, it was found that female and private sector university teachers were more burnout than male and public sector university teachers.
Applications of the study: This study will add to the present level of understanding of constructs like personality traits, emotional intelligence, and burnout. The findings of this current study will also help university teachers to know about their dominant personality traits, their emotional level of intelligence. The current study results will help stimulate further research.
Novelty/Originality of the study: To our knowledge, there are only fewer amount of research studies on studying the association between teachers' burnout & personality traits in university teachers particularly, in the context of Pakistan. Keeping in view that previous studies were not focused on the role of emotional intelligence in the relationship between the above-mentioned dependent and independent variables.
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- Ahola, K. and J. Hakanen (2007). Job strain, burnout, and depressive symptoms: A prospective study among dentists. Journal of affective disorders, 104(1-3), 103-110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2007.03.004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2007.03.004
- Alarcon, G. E. KJ, &Bowling, NA (2009). Relationship between Personality.
- Bakker, A. B., et al. (2006). The relationship between the big five personality factors and burnout: A study among volunteer counselors. The Journal of social psychology, 146(1), 31-50. https://doi.org/10.3200/S OCP.146.1.31-50 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3200/SOCP.146.1.31-50
- Cano-GarcÃa, F. J., et al. (2005). Personality and contextual variables in teacher burnout. Personality and Individual differences, 38(4), 929-940. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2004.06.018 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2004.06.018
- Chirkowska-Smolak, T. (2009). Organizacyjne czynniki wypalenia zawodowego. cited from https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/ORGANIZACYJNE-CZYNNIKI-WYPALENIA-ZAWODOWEGO-ChirkowskaSmolak/5bb7db6d7bb660bfc76b146eb57f0511a9933e02?sort=relevance&citationIntent=background
- Costa, P. T. and R. R. McCrae (1992). Normal personality assessment in clinical practice: The NEO Personality Inventory. Psychological assessment. 4(1), 5. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.4.1.5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.4.1.5
- de Looff, P., et al. (2018). Burnout symptoms in forensic psychiatric nurses and their associations with personality, emotional intelligence and client aggression: A crossâ€sectional study. Journal of psychiatric and mental health nursing, 25(8), 506-516. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpm.12496 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jpm.12496
- Dikko, M. (2016). Establishing Construct Validity and Reliability: Pilot Testing of a Qualitative Interview for Research in Takaful (Islamic Insurance). Qualitative Report, 21(3). https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2016.2243 DOI: https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2016.2243
- Dillman, D. A. (2007). Mail and Internet surveys: The tailored design method. Hoboken, NJ: John & Wiley Sons, Inc.
- Dornyei, Z. (2005). The psychology of the language learner: Individual differences in second language acquisition. New Jersey Mahwah.
- Fisher, W. P. (2007). Rating scale instrument quality criteria. Rasch Measurement Transactions, 21(1), 1095.
- Fontana, D. and R. Abouserie (1993). Stress levels, gender, and personality factors in teachers. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 63(2), 261-270. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8279.1993.tb01056.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8279.1993.tb01056.x
- GaÅ›, Z. (2001). DoskonalÄ…cy siÄ™ nauczyciel. Lublin: Wydawnictwo UMCS.
- Gutierrez, D. and P. R. Mullen (2016). Emotional intelligence and the counselor: Examining the relationship of trait emotional intelligence to counselor burnout. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 38(3), 187-200. https://doi.org/10.17744/mehc.38.3.01 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17744/mehc.38.3.01
- Hakanen, J. J. and W. B. Schaufeli (2012). Do burnout and work engagement predict depressive symptoms and life satisfaction? A three-wave seven-year prospective study. Journal of affective disorders, 141(2-3), 415-424. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2012.02.043 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2012.02.043
- Hall, L. H., et al. (2016). Healthcare staff wellbeing, burnout, and patient safety: a systematic review. PloS one, 11(7), e0159015. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0159015 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0159015
- Heale, R. and A. Twycross (2015). Validity and reliability in quantitative studies. Evidence-based nursing, 18(3), 66-67. https://doi.org/10.1136/eb-2015-102129 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/eb-2015-102129
- Higuchi, Y., et al. (2016). A cross-sectional study of psychological distress, burnout, and the associated risk factors in hospital pharmacists in Japan. BMC Public Health. 16(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-3208-5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-3208-5
- Joppe, M. (2000). The Research Process. Retrieved February 25, 1998. https://www.researchgate.net/pu blication/3191 28421_Validity_Reliability_Generalizability
- Kaushik, M. and B. Mathur (2014). Data analysis of students marks with descriptive statistics. International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in computing and communication, 2(5), 1188-1190.
- Kirenko, J. and T. Zubrzycka-Maciąg (2011). Współczesny nauczyciel: studium wypalenia zawodowego, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej.
- Komarraju, M., et al. (2011). The Big Five personality traits, learning styles, and academic achievement. Personality and individual differences, 51(4), 472-477. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2011.04.019 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2011.04.019
- Krejcie, R. V. and D. W. Morgan (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and psychological measurement, 30(3), 607-610. https://doi.org/10.1177/001316447003000308 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/001316447003000308
- Lindeman, B., et al. (2017). Association of burnout with emotional intelligence and personality in surgical residents: can we predict who is most at risk? Journal of surgical education, 74(6), e22-e30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsurg.2017.11.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsurg.2017.11.001
- Molavynejad, S., et al. (2019). Relationship between personality traits and burnout in oncology nurses. Journal of family medicine and primary care, 8(9), 2898. https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_423_19 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_423_19
- Muijs, D. (2010). Doing quantitative research in education with SPSS, Sage. https://doi.org/10.4135/ 9781849203241 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4135/9781849203241
- Pandey, N. and M. Kavitha (2015). Relationship between Teachers' personality traits and self-efficacy: an empirical analysis of school teachers in Karaikal region. Pacific Business Review International, 8(3), 37-42.
- Polit, D. Beck. CT, Hungler, BP (2001) Essentials of nursing research: methods, appraisal, and utilization, Philadelphia: Lippincott.
- Poropat, A. E. (2009). A meta-analysis of the five-factor model of personality and academic performance. Psychological Bulletin, 135(2), 322. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0014996 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/a0014996
- Prins, D. J., et al. (2019). The relationship between burnout, personality traits, and medical specialty. A national study among Dutch residents. Medical teacher, 41(5), 584-590. https://doi.org/10.1080/0142159X.201 8.1514459 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0142159X.2018.1514459
- arıçam, H. and H. Sakız (2014). Burnout and teacher self-efficacy among teachers working in special education institutions in Turkey. Educational Studies, 40(4), 423-437. https://doi.org/10.1080/03055698.2014.930340 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/03055698.2014.930340
- Savas, A. C., et al. (2014). A Study on the Relationship between Teacher Self Efficacy and Burnout. European Journal of Educational Research, 3(4), 159-166. https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.3.4.159 DOI: https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.3.4.159
- Schultz, D. P. and S. E. Schultz (2016). Theories of personality, Cengage Learning.
- Sekaran, U. and R. Bougie (2016). Research methods for business: A skill-building approach, John Wiley & Sons.
- Shakeel, S., et al. (2021). Linking Personality Traits, Self-Efficacy and Burnout of Teachers in Public Schools: Does School Climate Play a Moderating Role? Public Organization Review, 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1007/s 11115-021-00514-8
- Skodova, Z. and P. Lajciakova (2013). The effect of personality traits and psychosocial training on burnout syndrome among healthcare students. Nurse Education Today, 33(11), 1311-1315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.n edt.2013.02.023 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2013.02.023
- Sulea, C., et al. (2015). Engagement, boredom, and burnout among students: Basic need satisfaction matters more than personality traits. Learning and Individual Differences, 42, 132-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.l indif.2015.08.018 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2015.08.018
- Toker, S. and M. Biron (2012). Job burnout and depression: unraveling their temporal relationship and considering the role of physical activity. Journal of Applied Psychology, 97(3), 699. https://doi.org/10.10 37/a0026914 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/a0026914
- Tucholska, S. (2008). Zjawisko hazardu patologicznego i jego uwarunkowania. Roczniki psychologiczne, 11(2), 45-68.
- van der Wal, R. A., et al. (2016). Psychological distress, burnout and personality traits in Dutch anaesthesiologists: a survey. European Journal of Anaesthesiology (EJA), 33(3), 179-186. https://doi.org/10.1 097/EJA.0000000000000375 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/EJA.0000000000000375
- Whalen, T. and C. Gates (2007). A psychological profile of defender personality traits. Journal of Computers, 2(2), 84-93. https://doi.org/10.4304/jcp.2.2.84-93 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4304/jcp.2.2.84-93
- Zawadzka, A. S., et al. (2018). The Big Five and burnout among teachers: the moderating and mediating role of self-efficacy. Polish Psychological Bulletin, 49(2).
References
Ahola, K. and J. Hakanen (2007). Job strain, burnout, and depressive symptoms: A prospective study among dentists. Journal of affective disorders, 104(1-3), 103-110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2007.03.004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2007.03.004
Alarcon, G. E. KJ, &Bowling, NA (2009). Relationship between Personality.
Bakker, A. B., et al. (2006). The relationship between the big five personality factors and burnout: A study among volunteer counselors. The Journal of social psychology, 146(1), 31-50. https://doi.org/10.3200/S OCP.146.1.31-50 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3200/SOCP.146.1.31-50
Cano-GarcÃa, F. J., et al. (2005). Personality and contextual variables in teacher burnout. Personality and Individual differences, 38(4), 929-940. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2004.06.018 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2004.06.018
Chirkowska-Smolak, T. (2009). Organizacyjne czynniki wypalenia zawodowego. cited from https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/ORGANIZACYJNE-CZYNNIKI-WYPALENIA-ZAWODOWEGO-ChirkowskaSmolak/5bb7db6d7bb660bfc76b146eb57f0511a9933e02?sort=relevance&citationIntent=background
Costa, P. T. and R. R. McCrae (1992). Normal personality assessment in clinical practice: The NEO Personality Inventory. Psychological assessment. 4(1), 5. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.4.1.5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.4.1.5
de Looff, P., et al. (2018). Burnout symptoms in forensic psychiatric nurses and their associations with personality, emotional intelligence and client aggression: A crossâ€sectional study. Journal of psychiatric and mental health nursing, 25(8), 506-516. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpm.12496 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jpm.12496
Dikko, M. (2016). Establishing Construct Validity and Reliability: Pilot Testing of a Qualitative Interview for Research in Takaful (Islamic Insurance). Qualitative Report, 21(3). https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2016.2243 DOI: https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2016.2243
Dillman, D. A. (2007). Mail and Internet surveys: The tailored design method. Hoboken, NJ: John & Wiley Sons, Inc.
Dornyei, Z. (2005). The psychology of the language learner: Individual differences in second language acquisition. New Jersey Mahwah.
Fisher, W. P. (2007). Rating scale instrument quality criteria. Rasch Measurement Transactions, 21(1), 1095.
Fontana, D. and R. Abouserie (1993). Stress levels, gender, and personality factors in teachers. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 63(2), 261-270. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8279.1993.tb01056.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8279.1993.tb01056.x
GaÅ›, Z. (2001). DoskonalÄ…cy siÄ™ nauczyciel. Lublin: Wydawnictwo UMCS.
Gutierrez, D. and P. R. Mullen (2016). Emotional intelligence and the counselor: Examining the relationship of trait emotional intelligence to counselor burnout. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 38(3), 187-200. https://doi.org/10.17744/mehc.38.3.01 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17744/mehc.38.3.01
Hakanen, J. J. and W. B. Schaufeli (2012). Do burnout and work engagement predict depressive symptoms and life satisfaction? A three-wave seven-year prospective study. Journal of affective disorders, 141(2-3), 415-424. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2012.02.043 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2012.02.043
Hall, L. H., et al. (2016). Healthcare staff wellbeing, burnout, and patient safety: a systematic review. PloS one, 11(7), e0159015. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0159015 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0159015
Heale, R. and A. Twycross (2015). Validity and reliability in quantitative studies. Evidence-based nursing, 18(3), 66-67. https://doi.org/10.1136/eb-2015-102129 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/eb-2015-102129
Higuchi, Y., et al. (2016). A cross-sectional study of psychological distress, burnout, and the associated risk factors in hospital pharmacists in Japan. BMC Public Health. 16(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-3208-5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-3208-5
Joppe, M. (2000). The Research Process. Retrieved February 25, 1998. https://www.researchgate.net/pu blication/3191 28421_Validity_Reliability_Generalizability
Kaushik, M. and B. Mathur (2014). Data analysis of students marks with descriptive statistics. International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in computing and communication, 2(5), 1188-1190.
Kirenko, J. and T. Zubrzycka-Maciąg (2011). Współczesny nauczyciel: studium wypalenia zawodowego, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej.
Komarraju, M., et al. (2011). The Big Five personality traits, learning styles, and academic achievement. Personality and individual differences, 51(4), 472-477. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2011.04.019 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2011.04.019
Krejcie, R. V. and D. W. Morgan (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and psychological measurement, 30(3), 607-610. https://doi.org/10.1177/001316447003000308 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/001316447003000308
Lindeman, B., et al. (2017). Association of burnout with emotional intelligence and personality in surgical residents: can we predict who is most at risk? Journal of surgical education, 74(6), e22-e30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsurg.2017.11.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsurg.2017.11.001
Molavynejad, S., et al. (2019). Relationship between personality traits and burnout in oncology nurses. Journal of family medicine and primary care, 8(9), 2898. https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_423_19 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_423_19
Muijs, D. (2010). Doing quantitative research in education with SPSS, Sage. https://doi.org/10.4135/ 9781849203241 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4135/9781849203241
Pandey, N. and M. Kavitha (2015). Relationship between Teachers' personality traits and self-efficacy: an empirical analysis of school teachers in Karaikal region. Pacific Business Review International, 8(3), 37-42.
Polit, D. Beck. CT, Hungler, BP (2001) Essentials of nursing research: methods, appraisal, and utilization, Philadelphia: Lippincott.
Poropat, A. E. (2009). A meta-analysis of the five-factor model of personality and academic performance. Psychological Bulletin, 135(2), 322. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0014996 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/a0014996
Prins, D. J., et al. (2019). The relationship between burnout, personality traits, and medical specialty. A national study among Dutch residents. Medical teacher, 41(5), 584-590. https://doi.org/10.1080/0142159X.201 8.1514459 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0142159X.2018.1514459
arıçam, H. and H. Sakız (2014). Burnout and teacher self-efficacy among teachers working in special education institutions in Turkey. Educational Studies, 40(4), 423-437. https://doi.org/10.1080/03055698.2014.930340 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/03055698.2014.930340
Savas, A. C., et al. (2014). A Study on the Relationship between Teacher Self Efficacy and Burnout. European Journal of Educational Research, 3(4), 159-166. https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.3.4.159 DOI: https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.3.4.159
Schultz, D. P. and S. E. Schultz (2016). Theories of personality, Cengage Learning.
Sekaran, U. and R. Bougie (2016). Research methods for business: A skill-building approach, John Wiley & Sons.
Shakeel, S., et al. (2021). Linking Personality Traits, Self-Efficacy and Burnout of Teachers in Public Schools: Does School Climate Play a Moderating Role? Public Organization Review, 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1007/s 11115-021-00514-8
Skodova, Z. and P. Lajciakova (2013). The effect of personality traits and psychosocial training on burnout syndrome among healthcare students. Nurse Education Today, 33(11), 1311-1315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.n edt.2013.02.023 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2013.02.023
Sulea, C., et al. (2015). Engagement, boredom, and burnout among students: Basic need satisfaction matters more than personality traits. Learning and Individual Differences, 42, 132-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.l indif.2015.08.018 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2015.08.018
Toker, S. and M. Biron (2012). Job burnout and depression: unraveling their temporal relationship and considering the role of physical activity. Journal of Applied Psychology, 97(3), 699. https://doi.org/10.10 37/a0026914 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/a0026914
Tucholska, S. (2008). Zjawisko hazardu patologicznego i jego uwarunkowania. Roczniki psychologiczne, 11(2), 45-68.
van der Wal, R. A., et al. (2016). Psychological distress, burnout and personality traits in Dutch anaesthesiologists: a survey. European Journal of Anaesthesiology (EJA), 33(3), 179-186. https://doi.org/10.1 097/EJA.0000000000000375 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/EJA.0000000000000375
Whalen, T. and C. Gates (2007). A psychological profile of defender personality traits. Journal of Computers, 2(2), 84-93. https://doi.org/10.4304/jcp.2.2.84-93 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4304/jcp.2.2.84-93
Zawadzka, A. S., et al. (2018). The Big Five and burnout among teachers: the moderating and mediating role of self-efficacy. Polish Psychological Bulletin, 49(2).